摘要:

Abstract.The rationale for and results of plasma exchange (PE) in the therapy of different immune‐mediated neurological diseases such as myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, acute and chronic‐relapsing Guillain‐Barré syndromes, polymyositis, dermatomyositis and amyothrophic lateral sclerosis are reviewed. Dialysis dementia and Refsum's disease, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and schizophrenia are mentioned, too. If we exclude the treatment of acute Guillain‐Barré syndrome, where PE alone appears to be sufficient to produce recovery or improvement, the combined use of immunosuppressive drugs and/or lymphocytapheresis is probably needed in the treatment of the other diseases. PE allows the disease to be controlled rapidly while long‐term pharmacological control is established. An underlying theme in this review is the need of adequately controlled studies or at least of large case lists with exhaustive reports concerning both positive and negative results since a new perspective is needed for this topic. Nonetheless, a number of uncontrolled observations suggest that probably PE effectiveness in most immune‐mediated neurological diseases could be proven if the requisite trials w

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In hemodialysis patients who reuse formaldehyde‐sterilized dialysers we found that antibodies agglutinating native NN red cells belonged exclusively to the IgM fraction of immunoglobulins. In the same patients antibodies directed against formaldehyde‐altered NN red cells proved to be mainly IgG in addition to IgM. Three stages of formaldehyde‐dependent RBC immunization could be distinguished serologically. The production of these antibodies was dependent on the time of hemodialysis treatment. We found antibodies which could bind complement in the presence of soluble antigen. These antibodies are supposed to damage the patient's red cells immediately after contact to minute amounts of formaldehyde during hemodia

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Monoclonal anti‐A and Anti‐B from mouse‐mouse hybrid‐myeloma cell lines were tested in automated grouping on Groupamatic 360 C. Both sera were found to be suitable for Groupamatic typing. The anti‐B reagent was particularly potent, and could be used in a high

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Anti‐M antibody was found in the serum of a 64‐year‐old woman during a routine pre‐operative screen. Her red cell type was MN but the antibody was shown not to be an autoantibody. Blood tests were run on other members of her family, and it was found that her sister's red cells, also type MN, were not agglutinated by the patient's IgM antibody. Chemical studies are reported on the red cell surface glycoproteins of the patient and 2 family members. This red cell variant is compared with previous reports of Ma and is believed to be a further example of this blo

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Antithrombin III (AT III) is a plasma protein which acts as the principal inhibitor of thrombin and is a major modulator of intravascular coagulation. Hereditary deficiency of AT III leads to recurrent episodes of thromboembolism. Acquired deficiency of AT III occurs in persons with a variety of conditions, including severe liver disease and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Replacement of AT III may be important in some deficient persons. To determine if cryoprecipitate is a useful source of AT III, we measured the AT III content of cryoprecipitate prepared from citrate phosphate dextrose blood using coagulation and fluorogenic assays and immunoassays. Using the fluorogenic assay, we also determined the effect of adding heparin to blood on the cryoprecipitation of AT III. Functional and antigenic AT III levels were similar to those of normal plasma in all citrate phosphate dextrose blood units tested, indicating that AT III is not concentrated in cryoprecipitate. Heparin had no effect on the cryoprecipitation of AT III.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.561 consecutive O‐negative blood donors were tested for the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. 427 (76.1%) donors were CMV antibody positive, while 134 (23.9%) were seronegative. Males (75.1%) and females (78%) did not differ significantly in seropositivity. 17‐ to 20‐year‐old males had the lowest frequency of seropositivity (38.5%), though donors in this category represented only 4% of the 561 consecutive donors. The incidence of seropositivity increased consistently with age. Because of the difficulty in confidently generating sufficient CMV‐seronegative donors, it is suggested that the exclusive use of frozen‐thawed, or washed, leukocyte‐poor blood, be evaluated as a

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A new granulocyte collection method employing discontinuous flow centrifugation and low donor dose of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is presented. Following the procedure, the increase in serum polysaccharide concentration was 100 mg/dl, about 20% of that seen after standard discontinuous flow leukapheresis. The average efficiency of granulocyte collection by this method is about 64%. The average yield of WBC from 2,600 ml of donors' whole blood is 1.64 ± 0.54 × 1010(mean±l SD) and the average granulocyte yield is 1.33 ± 0.51 × 1010(mean ± l SD). The granulocytes were shown to migrate to the sites of infection in vivo. This approach is an improvement over standard discontinuous flow leukapheresis because of the high efficiency of granulocyte collection and because multiple procedures are possible without exposing donors to more HES than is currently given during a single proc

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Filtration through Imugard filters of random platelet concentrates or platelets obtained by plateletpheresis allow the preparation of leukocyte‐free platelets for transfusion. The procedure is simple and determines only a small platelet loss (less than 10%). Filtered platelets seem to function normally in vivo. The use of leukocyte‐free red cell and platelet transfusions for the support of patients suffering from leukemia or aplastic anemia could prevent major complications, such as refractoriness to platelet transfusion and to bone marrow transplantat

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Serum and eluates known to contain anti‐Atafailed to react with El (—) red cells. Conversely, anti‐El failed to react with At(a‐) red cells. These findings show that the same high‐frequency antigen is being recognised by both anti‐Ataand anti‐El and it is suggested that the name A

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb04114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY