摘要:

Abstract.Cromer‐related antigens, a series of blood group antigens phenotypically related to each other through various serological characteristics, have recently been shown to be carried on the complement regulatory glycoprotein decay‐accelerating factor (DAF). Cromer‐related antigens, therefore, represent a number of inherited variants and polymorphisms of DAF. The Inab phenotype, a ‘Cromer‐null’ phenotype in which the red cells lack all Cromer‐related antigens, appears to be an inherited D

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In previous studies, we have found Hemate P (Behring) to be the only commercial virus‐inactivated high‐purity factor VIII concentrate that contains native von Willebrand factor. In the present study, Hemate P was given to 7 patients with the severe recessive form of von Willebrand's disease, to 2 patients with type Ia, to 1 patient with type IIB, and to 1 patient with type IIC von Willebrand's disease. A correction of the hemostatic defect was seen in all patients. Satisfactory hemostasis was also obtained in clinical situations, 1 patient undergoing major surgery and another being delivered, both without undue loss of blood. We conclude that Hemate P is an efficacious and safe product for use in cases of von Willebrand's disease when pharmacological correction of the hemostatic defect is not possi

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The levels of anti‐IgA antibodies and the appearance of adverse reactions following γ‐globulin administration in 41 patients affected by primary antibody defects treated with intramuscular (IMGG) or intravenous γ‐globulin (IVGG), and 3 patients with the Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome (WAS) have been studied during a 31‐month period. Anti‐IgA antibodies were restricted to patients with circulating B lymphocytes and measurable amounts of IgA. The incidence of anti‐IgA antibodies in the immunodeficient patients studied was 22.7%, and 2 of the 3 WAS patients also had high levels of anti‐IgA antibodies. The presence of moderate levels of anti‐IgA antibodies (up to 1/1,600) was not associated with adverse reactions. Our results indicate a significant relationship<0.02) between persistence of anti‐IgA antibodies an

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effect of gamma irradiation on HIV and plasma coagulation factors F VIII:C, F VIII:vWF and FIX was studied. Donor plasma was harvested from single donations, frozen and irradiated in the frozen state at target doses from 0 to 40 kGy(0–4 mRad). HIV was inoculated into human plasma and irradiated in a similar manner. A range of other viruses, not suspended in plasma, were also irradiated to establish viral inactivation. An inactivation rate of 0.164 TCID50dose/ml/kGywas demonstrated for HIV compared to rates of 0.00173, 0.00526 and 0.00286 log10units/ml/kGyfor F VIII:C, F VIII:vWF and FIX respectively. The use of gamma irradiation to inactivate infectious agents present in human plasma may eliminate the need for any post‐production viral inactivation methods and provide a means of assuring the safety of as yet untreated products such as cryoprecipitate and fresh frozen pla

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We propose a new method to rid solutions of a virus by using a novel regenerated multilayered structured cellulose membrane (BMM). When the filtrate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preparation was obtained through BMM it showed no infectivity. Electron microscopic observation revealed that HIV was completely caught by the multilayers of the BMM. Conveniently, BMM was seldomly found to adsorb protein molecules and also to have a high filtration rate. These characteristics may have a use in the removal of other variously sized pathogenic agents from plasma.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.One serum from a blood donor, which had both HIV‐antibodies and rheumatoid factor, gave positive results with EIA anti‐HIV screening tests and Western blot, but negative results with the Abbott's ENVACOR assay. Moreover, this serum and 5 out of 6 sera containing only rheumatoid factors were able to interfere with ENV and CORE reactions. Rheumatoid factors bind to the beads used in ENVACOR test and are also able to react with the conjugate. Most of the rheumatoid factors bind to the ENV conjugate, though with a wide range of activity. Obvious binding of rheumatoid factors to the CORE conjugate could not be demonstrated. Binding of rheumatoid factors both to the bead and to the conjugate leads to high optical density values and therefore results in the negative range according to the normal interpretation of the ENVACOR competition proced

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The data from 359 transfusion reactions reported over a 3‐year period have been compared with those obtained from 359 matched units given at the same time as the former but not implicated in a reaction. It was found that patients who developed reactions which were not accompanied by a change in body temperature received units with a longer storage time than patients experiencing febrile reactions. In addition it was noted that reactions which included a skin rash also tended to be associated with units stored for longer. In a further prospective assessment plasma histamine levels were measured in a group of 71 patients experiencing ‘anaphylactoid’, febrile and mixed transfusion reactions as well as in individuals in whom blood transfusions did not cause a reaction. The ‘anaphylactoid’ reaction group demonstrated a mean plasma histamine level in excess of 1 ng/ml, whereas mean concentrations below 0.50 ng/ml were recordeα in the other 3 groups. Our data also suggested that in general, more and ‘older’ blood was given to the ‘anaphylactoid’ reactors. The high plasma histamine concentrations could readily contribute to the rash, wheeze and flushing recorded in these individuals. Thus, if a long shelf‐life for stored blood is required, strategies which remove histamine from the unit may

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A number of factors were analyzed for their predictive value in indicating the severity of haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) in 72 infants. The factors investigated were: maternal antibody titre in the indirect antiglobulin test, the number of antibody molecules on sensitized standard red cells evaluated by a radiometric antiglobulin test, the IgG subclass specificity and the reactivity in monocyte‐monolayer assay (MMA) and in the rosette assays with lymphocytes and granulocytes from healthy individuals. The results of the MMA correlate much better with the severity of HDN than the antibody titre. In clinically unaffected infants the reactivity in the MMA never exceeded 20%, while in the severe/very severe group it was always greater than 20% (in 95% of very severe cases even above 50%). The number of IgG‐bound molecules was also shown to closely correlate with the clinical severity and there was a much greater proportion of severe/very severe cases exhibiting combined IgG1 and IgG3 specificity. Of all the evaluations performed the rosette assays with lymphocytes and granulocytes were found to be less useful in predicting the severity of

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The enhanced HLA class I (Bg) on red blood cells (RBC) of many patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has allowed a significant correlation to be made between their HLA‐B types and haemagglutination reactivity with lymphocytotoxic anti‐HLA‐B sera stimulated by pregnancy alone. Therefore the class I expression on these RBC relates to classical, rather than non‐classical, class I gene products. Studies of class I expression on RBC by means of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to epitopes on the heavy polypeptide chain and β2‐microglobulin (β2m) have suggested that the complete extracellular structure is present. The specific effect of chloroquine in ‘stripping HLA’ from RBC had been assumed to support the concept that HLA class I was adsorbed from plasma. However, from our data, we conclude that HLA class I is an intrinsic membrane component. We suggest that the action of chloroquine is to remove β2m alone, which prevents normal class I expression and also results in conformational changes to the class I heavy chain, but that it is not capable of removing the membrane

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A sensitive ELISA assay for quantifying erythrocyte (E) bound C3 fragments was developed. The assay employs a double‐antibody sandwich technique, using polyclonal anti‐C3d or anti‐C3c antibodies to quantify C3 fragments, expressing C3d and/or C3c epitopes in washed, detergent‐solubilized E. The assay detected 50–120 molecules of C3d per E in healthy individuals. Antigens reacting with anti‐C3c antibodies were also detected on E from normal individuals, but the density of C3c‐epitopes was 0.9–2.4 times lower than that of C3d‐epitopes. In 2 patients with congenital factor I deficiency significantly increased density of E‐bound C3c‐ as well as C3d‐antigen was observed. Plasma infusion in one of the patients induced a loss of E‐bound C3c‐antigens, indicating cleavage of E‐bound C3b to iC3b and further to C3c and E‐bound C3d. Loss of C3c‐antigens also occurred following in vitro treatment with normal human serum of E from one of the patients. Two thirds of 22 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and of 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis had significantly increased density of E‐bound C3d, the highest density being 490 C3d molecules/E in an SLE patient. The density of E‐bound C3d correlated with the plasma‐C3d concentration, indicating that the coating of E with C3d refle

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02039.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY