摘要:

Abstract.A direct and an indirect version of a platelet radioactive anti‐immunoglobulin test (PRAT) has been developed. It is shown that this assay is sensitive, reproducible and quantitative for the demonstration of HLA as well as incomplete P1A1 antibodies. Furthermore, platelet autoantibodies were searched for in sera of 105 thrombocytopenic patients. Positive results were obtained in 15 out of 45 patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), in 1 of 17 cases with acute ITP and in 3 of 4 patients with ITP‐like syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The platelet autoantibodies mostly had low titers, reacted with autologous platelets and did not show any specificity. An elevated concentration of IgG on autologous platelets was detected by the direct PRAT in 11 of 18 patients with ITP and in 4 of 5 patients with thrombocytopenia and suspected SLE. 4 of the 7 negative ITP cases were in clinical remission or had platelet counts of over 50,000/μl. There appeared to be an inverse correlation between the concentration of surface‐bound IgG and the platelet number in patients with ITP and SLE. It is concluded that the PRAT is a new and valuable tool for the detection of various types of platelet antibodies and therefore a true alternative to existing serological techniques in platelet immu

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.HLA‐A, B, C and DRw typing was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 17 adults with the diagnosis of chronic active hepatitis made by liver biopsy as the only criterion for study. An increase in the frequency of HLA‐DRw4 (71 vs. 24%, p<0.005) was observed, but there was no increased frequency of HLA‐A1, B8 or any other HLA locus specif

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Tk polyagglutinable erythrocytes are described in which A and H activities were reduced. It is suggested thatBacteroides fragilisisolated from cultures of the patient's blood was responsible for each of these membrane modifications.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02949.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.15 sera containing lymphocytotoxic anti‐HLA‐A2 antibodies and haemagglutinins mainly against HLA‐A28 are desc

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02950.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The human blood group glycosyltransf erases A and B have a dimeric structure, i.e., the A enzyme is an aa dimer and the B enzyme is a bb dimer. Considering the fact that the ABO blood group determinant are not x‐linked, i.e. both A and/or B genes are expressed in a given cell, a hybrid enzyme (ab dimer) may exist in heterozygous A1B subjects. Because the A enzyme, but not the B enzyme, adsorbs with Sepharose 4‐B, the adsorption characteristics of the A and B enzymes from plasma of various phenotypes were examined to look for this hybrid enzyme. The A enzyme activity from A1plasma and from a mixture of A1and B plasma was completely adsorbed to Sepharose 4‐B, while 25–50% of A enzyme activity from heterozygous A1B plasma was not adsorbed. The results indicated that heterozygous A1B plasma contains an additional enzyme component which does not exist in a mixture of A1and B plasma, suggesting the existence of a hybrid heterodimer (ab) in heterozygous A1B s

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A method has been developed using the AutoAnalyzer to study the binding characteristics of anti‐D with cells of various rhesus phenotypes. A positive association has been demonstrated between site density and association constant. A hypothesis is proposed for the presence of two types of antigenic sites on the cell surface recognised only by affinity differences. The higher affinity site binds both arms of an IgG anti‐D molecule, whereas the lower affinity site binds only

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.63 Rh‐negative male volunteers were immunized with D‐positive red cells. 28 (44%) produced anti‐D. To provide sustained levels of high concentration of anti‐D, 18 of the 28 male volunteers have received repeated antigenic stimuli at individual intervals of 2–9 months. In all but 1 case the level of anti‐D rose to between 30 and 300 μg/ml and persisted at this level for several years. There was no evidence of a decrease in antibody response with an increase in the number of stimuli. 24 Rh‐negative women immunized by pregnancy were restimulated. 16 achieved anti‐D concentrations over 21 μg/ml. The levels achieved were not influenced by the different D‐positive cells injected, nor were larger antigenic doses of any benefit. No untoward clinical reactions occurred as a result of the repeated injections of antigenic material or of long‐term plasmapheresis. 2 volunteers developed unwanted antibodies outside the Rh‐system. Beginning in 1968, the programme to obtain anti‐D plasma has yielded more than 70,000 doses of 250 μg each, permitting the treatment of all

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02953.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A new low frequency antigen, Rba, has been found in three blood donors. Studies on their families show that the antigen is inherited as a Mendelian autosomal dominant character. Rbasegregates independently from ABO, MNSs, P1Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, ACP1and PGM1. Anti‐Rbais not uncommon in sera containing multiple antibodies to low frequency antigen

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The occurrence of common subtypes of the Gc1gene in a German population (n = 261) was investigated by isoelectric focusing on thin layers of polyacrylamide in the pH range 4–6. Six common phenotypes designated Gc IS, IF, 1F‐1S, 2‐1S, 2‐1F, and 2 are considered as gene products of three common alleles with the following frequencies: Gc1S= 0.603, Gc1F= 0.125, and Cc2= 0.272. The sum of the allele frequencies of Gc1Sand Gc1Fcorresponds with that of the ‘old’ Gc1allele. Family investigations are in agreement with an autosomal codominant way of inheritance. The method employed provides an identification of the subtypes within 4 h without using anti‐Gc‐serum for immu

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02955.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Modifications of the Cohn techniques are the methods of choice for the preparation of dilute albumin (PPS) and γ‐globulin solutions on an industrial scale. For the manufacture of refined albumin solutions, however, considerable labour and material is saved if crude, ethanol‐precipitated fractions are heated in the presence of stabilisers in order to purify the albumin. The technique is simple and cheap, and yields a safe product of high quality. Bacterially contaminated and highly haemoglobinized plasma can be successfully heat‐t

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02956.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY