摘要:

Abstract.Advances in techniques of blood and plasma donation, cell separation and preservation as well as new methods for plasma fractionation have made component therapy available in countries with an advanced transfusion service. This has broadened the evergreen subject of use and abuse of whole blood with problems emerging from the clinical use of blood products. Without any attempt to cover this endless subject, this paper will be focused on some controversial and changing trends in the use of cell concentrates.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00714.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Blood fractionation products obtained from three different manufacturers were analyzed to determine if either mono‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) or di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were contaminants of any of the fractionated proteins. The only protein fraction to contain DEHP was factor IX (23μg/ml) from one company. However, MEHP was detected in low levels in several of the 5% normal serum albumin, 5% plasma protein fraction, factor VIII and factor IX samples. 25% normal serum albumin contained the highest level of MEHP with concentrations of up to 300 μg/ml (40% of the plasma level) depending on the sample. Attempts to remove MEHP using dialysis or ultrafiltration were unsuccessful and indicated a close association of the MEHP with albumin. There was a definite correlation between storage and transportation conditions and the level of MEHP in both plasma and 25% normal serum albumin. The highest levels of this phthalate acid ester were found in the products made from the plasma which had been shipped at ambient temperature. Contrary to published data, storage of plasma at ‐30°C for up to 6 months prevented the accumula

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00715.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Frequently, frozen blood is requested in order to provide a leukocyte‐poor red cell transfusion and a reduced level of exposure to hepatitis virus rather than in an effort to find serological compatible red blood cells. However, this usage of frozen blood is expensive and, as recently reported, does not eliminate the risk of transmission of hepatitis. To assess the feasibility of substituting washed cell preparations, we have compared the Huggins frozen blood process with the IBM 2991 cell washing technique and have evaluated the efficiency of leukocyte removal and red cell recovery from homologous pools of fresh blood. The results of these experiments combined with the greatly decreased cost (approximately 1/3) and time required (approximately 1/6) indicate that many of the requests which blood banks receive for frozen blood could, in fact, be better met by using cells which have been washed in the IBM 299

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00716.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.59 patients with suspected or verified septicaemia and 87 patients with suspected or verified bacterial pneumonia were treated with either antibiotics alone or antibiotics combined with a pepsin‐treated human gamma globulin (Gamma‐venin®). The gamma globulin was given intravenously in repeated doses of 0.15 g/kg body weight. Extensive clinical and laboratory investigations were performed repeatedly in a strictly standardized fashion. Neither the septicaemia group nor the pneumonia group presented significant differences between treated patients and controls for any of the clinical and laboratory variables studied. Hospital stay, duration of fever and symptoms were also unaffected by the gamma globulin treatment. Subdivision of the material according to aetiology provided no additional information. In 9 patients adverse reactions were seen, e.g., shock in 2 individ

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00717.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Four anticoagulant solutions were added to baboon red blood cells prior to labeling with51Cr to determine how each would influence the distribution of51Cr within the red blood cells, the loss of51Cr from the red blood cells after transfusion, and the calculated red cell survival value.The51Cr label was detected in the hemoglobin and in the low molecular weight compounds within the red blood cells. The elution of51Cr from labeled baboon red blood cells following transfusion could not be explained by the distribution of51Cr between hemoglobin and low molecular weight compounds within the red blood cells.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00718.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A patient with severe post‐hepatitis B aplastic anemia had depressed B and T cell responses. In mixed leukocyte culture, her cells were unresponsive to unrelated control stimulating cells, but responded well to a pool of cells from the same unrelated controls. She had reduced production of lymphocyte mitogenic factor (MF), suggesting a helper cell defect, and she had few or no cells reactive with the monoclonal anti‐T cell antibodies OKT3, OKT4 or OKT5. Her cells proliferated in response to MF produced by a pool of cells without mitogen, however. Furthermore, her cells became specifically cytotoxic when stimulated by cells plus MF, but not when stimulated by either cells or MF alone. Thus her T cell deficiency was correctable by nonspecific helper factor in vi

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00719.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A previously unrecognized blood group antigen is described. The antigen was shown to be different from many rare blood group antigens, to be inherited as an autosomal dominant character and not to be closely linked to the established blood group systems nor to several other polymorphic markers of blood. The antigen is well developed at birth. About 5% of Finns have this antigen. In contrast only 1 donor in 502 Swiss blood donors and 2 unrelated donors in 395 Swedish blood donors were found to be positive for the antigen.The antigen is provisionally called Neaand the respective antibody anti‐Nea. At least three Ne(a+) blood units were given to a patient on different occasions before anti‐Neawas detected in compatibility tests. Since the discovery of the first anti‐Nea, three additional examples of this antibody have been identified in serum from multitransfused patients. Anti‐Neais capable of shortening the in vivo survival of transfused incompatible Ne(a+

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00720.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The antigen specificities of different anti‐Lexsera were examined by immunoadsorption studies using adsorbents with well‐defined carbohydrate units covalently bound to an inorganic matrix (Synsorb®, Chembiomed). In contrast to those of normal anti‐Leaand anti‐Lebsera, the antibody binding site of Lexantibodies was found to be considerably smaller, comprising merely the structureFucα1→4GlcNAc‐R. Based on this property, homogeneously reacting Lexantibodies could be isolated from heterogeneous anti‐Lea+b+x+sera by means of affinity chromatography onFucα1→4GlcNAc‐Synsorb. When the serological reactivity of the purified Lexantibodies against a Lea‐active glycolipid isolated from human plasma was compared with that of normal anti‐Leaserum using haemagglutination inhibition and quantitative passive haemagglutination tests, evidence was obtained that the Lexcharacter of cord blood erythrocytes is not based on the existence of a separate Lexantigen, but rather on the ability of the anti‐Lexantibodies to react already with traces of Leasubstance present on fetal erythrocytes, not detectable by

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00721.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.By slowly lowering the surface tension of the aqueous medium through the admixture of 47.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and by raising the pH to 9, complete elution of A, D, and K antibodies from sensitized erythrocytes (RBC) could be achieved. The eluates comprising the antibodies were subjected to dialysis to remove the DMSO and to neutralize the pH, and to ultrafiltration to remove the excess water. Recovery of a sizeable proportion of the eluted RBC (of blood groups A and K) proved possible by slow and careful removal of the DMSO with phosphate‐buffered saline containing 2% BS

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00722.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1981.tb00724.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY