摘要:

Abstract.Six ‘third‐generation’ techniques for the detection of HBsAg were compared, i.e. Ausria 11–125, Travenol‐RIA, Auszyme, Hepanostika, Auscell and a modified Auscell technique applying centrifugation instead of sedimentation. The Ausria 11–125 was the most sensitive test, followed by Travenol‐RIA, both Auscell techniques, Auszyme and Hepanostika. In the Ausria 11–125, Hepanostika and Auscell techniques, 1–2% of false‐positive results were found in serum and 2% in plasma specimens from blood donors. Both the Travenol‐RIA and Auszyme tests gave an unacceptably high percentage (6–8%) of false‐positive results in both s

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During the year 1978 this laboratory evaluated the specificity of all samples found reactive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by 44 of 57 regions of the American Red Cross Blood Services. Radioimmunoassay detected a total of 1,921 HBsAg‐reactive samples among more than three million donor units tested. A vast majority (96%) of the samples had high level of HBsAg (≥20 ng/ml). Only about 50% of the samples with low level of HBsAg (<20ng/ml) were reactive in reversed passive hemagglutination. There were 13 samples that were repeatably reactive for HBsAg but were considered nonspecific as they were nonneutralizable in radioimmunoassay, 2 donors who showed nonspecific reactivity were further tested and it was found that the reactivity in radioimmunoassay persisted for more than 9 months, and this reactivity was also detectable by a second commercial kit for HBsAg. Antibodies to core and surface antigen were not found in any of the nine samples that were tested. The explanation of this nonspecific reactivity is unclear, but the data suggest that the nonspecific factor(s) may be an inherent property of the sample rather than a deficiency of the test reage

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In spite of routine screening for HBsAg by a sensitive radioimmunoassay, some cases of posttransfusion hepatitis B still occur. The frequency in the Gothenburg Blood Center is 1 clinical case per 10,000 bloods units transfused. About the same incidence has been noted for clinically overt cases of hepatitis non‐A, non‐B. In contrast to findings reported by others, the latter incidence has been rather stable over the last 5 ye

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.For the detection of auto‐antibodies on the platelets and in the serum of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, three new techniques have recently been developed: the quantitative antiglobulin consumption assay (QACA), the platelet radioactive anti‐globulin test (PRAT) and the platelet suspension immunofluorescence test (PSIFT). The results obtained by various investigators with these techniques differ considerably. We, therefore, studied the sensitivity of the three methods. This was done by testing platelet‐reactive allo‐antibodies (anti‐Zwa, anti‐HLA‐A2) and auto‐antibodies in titration.The results show that the PSIFT is the most sensitive technique, closely followed by the PRAT. The QACA was found to be much less sensitive than the other two methods. This suggests that a positive result in the QACA and a negative result in the PSIFT and/or PRAT cannot be attributed to the presence of platelet

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The use of poly(ethylene glycol) in the purification of plasma and cellular protein is somewhat complicated by the difficulty of removing it from the protein product. The method presented here, quickly and efficiently removes over 95% of the PEG by the simple addition of salts to induce an aqueous two‐phase separation with the PEG in the upper phase and greater than 90% of the protein in the lower phas

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Intravenous γ‐globulin has been prepared on a pilot scale by the process of reduction with dithiothreitol and alkylation with iodoacetamide. The spent reagents are removed by diafiltration followed by ultrafiltration. The product is stabilized with maltose to minimize precipitation. Process design concepts as well as product characteristics are discuss

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A family is described in which the mother developed platelet‐specific antibodies, not directed against the antigens of the Zw(PlA) or the KO system. The antibodies were only detectable in the immunofluorescence test and the radioactive aqtiglobulin test on platelets, and proved to be mainly IgGl antibodies, although weak IgM antibodies of the same specificity were also detected.By cross‐absorption studies, investigation of the family and a small‐scale population study, it appeared that the antibodies were directed against a new antigen which we have called Baka. The frequency of the Bakaphenotype in the Dutch population was 90.76%, the calculated genotype frequency 0.696. The Bakaphenotype was neither sex‐linked nor, so far as evaluable, closely linked to other platelet, red‐cell, granulocyte, or HLA groups.The first child of this mother died of neonatal thrombocytopenia, the second child was unaffected. During the second pregnancy, the titre of the antibodies did not rise. The platelets of this child were found not to carry the Ba

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY