摘要:

Abstract.Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from 16 persons (6 Rh‐sensitized pregnant women, I pregnant non‐Rh‐sensitized woman, 3 nonpregnant non‐Rh‐sensitized women, and 6 non‐Rh‐sensitized males) were assayed for plaque‐forming cells (PFC) against several erythrocyte targets. 6 of 7 pregnant women had PFC, whereas only 1 of 6 males had PFC to autologous red cells. Antiautologous erythrocyte PFC in all of the pregnant Rh‐sensitized women as well as the 1 nonpregnant multiparous woman may be the result of alloimmunization of mothers by their fetuses during gestation. Further studies in this area would be valuable in determining not only the immune status of a mother in relation to her fetus, but also would be of value in determining the consequences of that immune status on both mother and fetus. Such information would also provide a further clue to the etiology of a

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02936.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The relative growth of neonatal and maternal lymphocytes was studied in PHA‐stimulated mixed short‐time whole‐blood cultures, with particular regard to a possible inhibition of the maternal cells. For comparison, neonatal and maternal cells were grown separately. No uniform inhibition was observed, although there was an average 34% depression of growth of the maternal cells in the mixed cul

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02937.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The immunochemical characteristics of granulocyte allo‐ and autoantibodies can easily be studied with indirect immunofluorescence techniques. The correlation of these properties with the serological behavior of the antibodies and the clinical condition in which they were found was studied. The investigations included the determination of immunoglobulin class, subclass, light‐chain composition, as well as optimal temperature of activity. Complement fixationin vitrowas also investigated.Striking differences were found between IgG and IgM antibodies in their serological properties, especially in the granulocytotoxicity and leukoagglutination tests at different temperatures. Differences in light‐chain and IgG subclass compositions of the antibodies did not seem to play a role.In studying the distribution of granulocyte‐specific antigens on normal granulocytes and granulocytes in all stages of development, it was found that, while NA1, NA2and ND, are present in the same quantity on the cells of an individual, the NB1antigen is unequally distributed, both over ripe granulocytes and granulocyte pre

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02938.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In addition to the 10 HBs Ag subtypes already described, 2 new subtypes were defined by using theqdeterminant. Exceptions to the rule generally accepted were found in that theqdeterminant was only lacking in HBs Ag/adw4. These exceptions occurred inadwandadrcategories. These 2 new subtypes areadw qpositive andadr qnegative.Out of 98 HBs Ag/adw4from silent carriers and patients from different parts of the world, mainly from France (79), 6 were foundqpositive. 3 out of these 6 cases came from Montpellier (South of France) and another 3 from Germany. The 92 other cases were foundqnegative. Further studies will be necessary to better know the location of this new subtypeadw4qpositive, but it seems to be present only in certain parts of Europe.Out of 86 HBs Ag/adrfrom silent carriers from Asia (58), Oceania (17), France (10, most of them contaminated in Asia) and Reunion (1), 10 were found q negative. All these 10 cases were detected in Oceania, 2 out of 2 in carriers from New Caledonia and 8 out of 13 from French Polynesia.The new subtypeadr qnegative seems localized in Melanesia and Polynesia and absent from Asia. These 2 new markers of hepatitis B virus will allow better epidemiological and geographical studies.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02939.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During investigations of serum from patients with carcinoma, elevated levels of two proteins were observed. The larger (MW˜44,000) was identified as (α‐acid glycoprotein. The smaller MW˜20,000) has not yet been identified. Further investigation of α‐acid‐glycoprotein‐containing seromucoid showed that many red blood cell and tissue antigens were present, for example, I, i, P1Tja (P + P + Pk), H, A, B, Len, Lebl, M and N. Differences in antigen content between normal serum and serum from carcinoma patients could be demonstrated quantitatively and qualitatively. Seromucoid preparations from patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma inhibited phytohaemagelutinin‐induced lymphocyte transformation more often than seromucoid preparations from no

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02940.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Serum from a mullitransfused patient with bladder papilloma was examined. The serum contained anti‐Kell as well as polyspecific, cytotoxic HLA antibodies and HLA‐asso‐ciated haemagglutinins. The HLA haemagglutinins were demonstrated by the Auto Analyzer method and reacted predominantly with red blood cells (RBC) from HLA‐A28‐positive individuals, and were distinctly weaker with all other test cells. Survival studies with51Cr‐RBC from an HLA‐A28‐positive, Kell‐negative donor with strong A28 RBC reactivity were performed. A small component of the RBC showed clearly reduced survival time, while the main component showed nearl

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02941.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.It has been demonstrated that a lower level of maternal anti‐D is required to produce the same symptoms of haemolytic disease of the newborn in R2r infants than in R1r infants. This difference could be explained by postulating that the higher site density of R2r cells is associated with an increased association constant and thus will bind sufficiently more anti‐D. The level at which amniocentesis should be considered has been calculated to be 1.44 μg anti‐D/cm3of maternal serum for R1r infants and 0.73 for R2r i

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02942.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Current practice with respect to the use of a dilutional prime for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) varies widely, and the safe lower limit of perfusate protein content has not been defined. We studied this question in 75 rabbits subjected to a 1‐hour CPB with a perfusate colloid osmotic pressure (COP) ranging from 26 to 4 mm Hg. Metabolic acidosis was inversely related to COP; acid‐base equilibrium is thus best maintained with a high perfusate protein content. Tissue edema rapidly increased at COP levels below 16 mm Hg, i.e. with a protein level less than 4.2 g%. Urinary excretion during CPB was antagonized by the COP, the reason being that glomerular filtration rate was proportional to the difference between perfusion pressure and COP. The safety margin for renal function during CPB thus widens with a decreasing perfusate protein content. We conclude that the optimum levels of perfuste oncotic pressure and protein content during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass are 16 mm Hg and 4.2

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02943.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Greater numbers of platelets are recovered during discontinuous flow centri‐fugation than can be simply accounted for by the decrease in total circulating platelets in the donor. There is a linear relationship between the logarithm of the circulating platelet count and the number of plateletpheresis bowls filled. The disappearance of platelets from the peripheral circulation occurs at a greater rate in splenectomized donors than in normal donors, and the rate of platelet disappearance in normal donors is less than what would be expected if there were no in vivo platelet storage pools. The data suggest the redistribution of platelets from the spleen in normal donors during the time course of the procedur

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02944.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Cell‐mediated immunity (CMI) was compared in professional and voluntary blood donors. Depressed CMI in professional donors was revealed by the presence of significantly lower numbers of positive delayed reactive hypersensitivity responses toCandida albicans, streptokinase and streptodornase, as well as a decrease in lymphoblast transformation response to phytohaemagglutinin. Furthermore, the serum protein and albumin levels in professional donors did not correlate with the depression in CMI. The blood of professional blood donors should be considered to be a poor source of therapeutic immune cell fraction

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1978.tb02945.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY