摘要:

Abstract.A national quality assurance scheme has been established to monitor the validity of factor VIII assays performed by the various laboratories of the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service engaged in collection and processing of donor plasma destined for fractionation. The results over the first 3‐year period show that comparable assay values can be obtained by participating centres using a common standard, despite differences in equipment, methods or substrate chosen for the one‐stage assay. The results also showed that chromogenic factor VIII assays correlated well with the one‐stage method. Random factor VIII assays performed on plasma, harvested and frozen within 18 h from collection, were analysed to validate recently proposed Scottish specifications which stipulate that 70% of plasma donations destined for fractionation should contain at least 0.7 IU/ml. Plasma harvested and frozen between 8 and 18 h from collection did not meet the specified level in any of the regional centres. This nationally specified level was also not met by plasma harvested and frozen within 8 h from collection in spite of being achieved individually by three regional centres. Assays performed on large plasma pools at the Fractionation Centre suggested loss of some factor VIII during storage, transportation and thawing of plasma prior to bulk proce

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Although fresh frozen plasma (FFP) prepared from autologous blood donated during pregnancy has frequently been given to homologous recipients at our institution, one tranfusion resulted in an unanticipated diagnostic dilemma. A 31‐year‐old woman with disseminated intravascular coagulation of unclear etiology was transfused with multiple units of FFP, including 2 from pregnant autologous donors. A serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) assay, performed because of the possibility that the patient's illness was a complication of unrecognized pregnancy, was positive using a blood sample drawn 7 h after the transfusions. An extensive evaluation was completed before the possibility of passive transfer of hormone from blood products was considered. Retrospective testing of serum samples established that HCG appeared in the patient's serum only after the first FFP transfusion from a pregnant autologous donor. In 8 other recipients of 1 or 2 units of FFP from pregnant autologous donors, post‐transfusion HCG levels ranged between 96 and 1,750 mIU/ml. Of 15 recipients of packed red blood cells from pregnant autologous donors, only patients with renal failure or recipients of multiple units developed positive HCGs, which were always ≤85 mIU/ml. The differential diagnosis of a positive pregnancy test in a recently transfused individual should include the possibility of passively acquired

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The additive solution, ADSOL, was evaluated for its suitability in the extended storage of previously frozen, deglycerolized red blood cells. In vitro comparison with red cells suspended in 0.2% dextrose 0.9% saline showed that ADSOL allowed for significantly enhanced adenosine triphosphate preservation throughout the storage period (>2.2 μmol/g Hb beyond 14 days) and for significantly reduced hemolysis (<1% beyond 14 days). After 10 days of storage in ADSOL the mean recovery after transfusion was 90% (index of therapeutic effectiveness, 77%). No bacterial contamination was observed. The results suggest that this currently approved additive solution could be used to store red cells for 14 days following thawing, thus avoiding one of the principal drawbacks of frozen red cells

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04953.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Blood transfusions are associated with clinical phenomena which are attributable to immune suppression. Since suppression of immune function is associated with a high risk of spontaneous malignancies, we studied T cell subsets and natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer patients and correlated the results with patients' transfusion histories. Twelve percent (14) of the 115 patients had been transfused an average of 19 years previously. Recipients of blood transfusions had low levels of peripheral lymphocytes (p=0.191), T cells (p=0.015), helper cells (p=0.016) and suppressor cells (p=0.2651) compared to previously untransfused patients. NK cytotoxicity was also significantly reduced in transfusion recipients although NK cell numbers were comparable in both groups. These results support previous studies indicating that blood transfusions cause lifelong immune modulation in the recipient. Since blood transfusions have numerous beneficial effects and immune modulation is often beneficial, longitudinal studies are necessary to define the lifetime risks and benefits.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Screening of blood donations for anti‐HIV in western India has shown a rising trend of antibody‐positive donors. There was a statistically significant difference between the proportion of positive reactors before 1986 and after 1986 (p<0.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04955.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Automated microplate blood‐grouping systems rely on a pair of thresholds to determine whether reactions are positive or negative. The determination of these thresholds is a critical step in the quality control process for automated microplate blood grouping. A simple method has been developed for automatically setting these thresholds. A more sophisticated method, which required substantial computational complexity, was also tried. The more complex method did not perform better than the simple method described her

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04956.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We describe a 46‐year‐old white woman with typical clinical features of posttransfusion purpura (PTP) whose serum held a platelet‐specific alloantibody reactive with an antigen antithetical to Baka, i.e. anti‐Bakb. The specificity of the antibody was confirmed by family analysis, a population study (expected versus observed gene frequency: 0.3651 versus 0.3984; n=105) and localization of the antigen on glycoprotein IIb in radioimmunoprecipitation. Typing of family members and blood donors for platelet antigens disclosed that the patient had been preimmunized by two blood transfusions in 1981, while fetomaternal incompatibility for Bakbwas ruled out (her three children and their father were Bakbnegative). Treatment of PTP with corticosteroids and platelet transfusions was ineffective, but infusion of high‐dose intravenous IgG resulted in a rapid increase in the plate

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04957.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Hemolytic disease of the newborn in a Japanese infant led to studies which indicate that an antibody detected in the maternal serum is recognizing a hitherto unknown red cell antigen. The antigen, which we have named Kg, was found in two generations of the family and it is inherited as a Mendelian dominant character. The maternal serum failed to react with the red cells of more than 600 random Japanese blood donors, 64 red cell samples known to possess low‐frequency antigens and all but one of 75 red cell samples known to lack high‐frequency antigens without recognized low‐frequency antigens. The father's red cells were tested extensively for established low‐frequency antigens; only Diawas demonstrated and the maternal antibody was shown not to contain a

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04958.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Another aspect of the preferential binding to monocytes of IgG3‐coated erythrocytes over IgG1‐coated erythrocytes has been demonstrated by measuring the rate of interaction in the phagocytosis assay. Erythrocytes sensitized with comparable numbers of IgG1 and IgG3 monoclonal and polyclonal anti‐D antibodies were incubated with a monocyte preparation for up to 2 h. Interaction with the erythrocytes sensitized with monoclonal or polyclonal IgG3 was much more rapid than with erythrocytes sensitized with IgG1. With IgG3‐sensitized erythrocytes maximum interaction was found after 30 min, whereas with IgG1‐sensitized erythrocytes 2 h were required for maximum interaction. These results are consistent with the longer hinge region of IgG3 allowing bridges to be formed more easily between the negatively charged erythrocytes and

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04959.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An IgMk cold agglutinin reacted with cord blood as well as with adult red blood cells (RBC). The agglutinin reacted strongly with papainized and neuraminidase (RDE)‐treated RBC. It resembled anti‐Me cold agglutinin in these serological findings. However, the activity of this agglutinin against RBC was markedly decreased in the presence of human milk. The data suggest that the agglutinin is directed against a new glycolipid antigen common to human RBC, termed Om anti

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb04960.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY