摘要:

Abstract.A method is described to prepare platelet concentrates from the buffycoat of citrate‐phosphate‐dextrose (CPD) blood in a closed four‐bag system and to store the platelets in autologous plasma under sterile conditions. After separation of the blood into plasma, buffycoat and leukocyte‐ and thrombocyte‐poor red cell concentrate, saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol (SAGM) was added to the red cells. Next the platelets were concentrated in plasma by a second centrifugation and were transferred to the 600‐ml bag that previously contained the SAGM. The platelets were stored for 72 h at 22°C on a platform rotator at 1 cycle per second. The mean volume of the platelet concentrates (n = 12) was 61 ml, with an average platelet content of 72 times 109. The mean leukocyte contamination was only 17 times 106; erythrocytes were not detected. The aggregation of the platelets with 1 μMof ADP was normal.After 72 h of storage, the mean pH was 7.1 ± 0.1. The PO2always remained above 17 mm Hg. No loss of thrombocytes had occurred during storage. The platelets had retained their discoid shape. The aggregation response to ADP had disappeared, however.The in vivo viability of the platelets was determined in 8 healthy volunteers. Autologous platelets, stored for 72 h at 22°C, were labeled with51Cr and reinfused [43 (±9)% recovery at 15 min after reinfusion]. The mean survival time in vivo of the platelets was 6.8 (±0.7) days.These experiments indicate that with the four‐bag SAGM system leukocyte‐poor platelet concentrates can be prepared which remain in optimal condition for at least 72 h. Moreover, a high amount of plasma is yielded and, with SAGM as additive, leukocyte‐ and platelet‐poor red cell concent

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00773.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Aggregation measurement of washed human erythrocytes (RBC) were carried out in a NaCl‐PBS solution under laminar shear conditions. Artificial aggregation of fresh and stored erythrocytes was caused by decreased pH and reduced ionic strength and characterized by collision efficiency α. Generally, the collision efficiency α of stored erythrocytes rises with the increased storage time. Such an aggregation technique might be useful to detect and quantify changes of the membrane and/or the surface structure due to aging and/or stor

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00774.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effect of high‐dose intravenous gammaglobulin (IVG) therapy with a CLB preparation was studied in 42 patients: 8 patients had acute and 26 patients had chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP); 5 patients had thrombocytopenia accompanied by various diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, auto‐immune haemolytic anaemia and neutropenia; 3 patients had hypoplastic anaemia and 1 patient had neutropenia and rheumatoid arthritis. After treatment, a rise in platelet count occurred in about 75% of the patients with ITP, although there was no sustained response in any of the patients. There was no correlation between the strength of platelet antibodies as detected by the direct immunofluorescence test before infusion and the pattern of response to the infusion. In most cases of ITP, no immune complexes, as measured by Clq‐binding assay, were observed. Furthermore, we found no relationship between the amount of Clq‐binding activity of patients' sera and the reaction pattern after infusion of IVG. Splenectomy of the patient had no influence on the outcome of IVG

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00775.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Lymphocyte losses occur during repeat plateletpheresis and/or leukapheresis procedures and are potentially harmful to normal host immune function. This concern prompted us to study the effect of repeat lymphocytapheresis (lymphapheresis) on the immune system of healthy blood donors. Following a total of six lymphapheresis procedures over a 12‐day period with removal of a mean of 41.6 times 109lymphocytes, there were no significant changes in donor (n = 5) absolute lymphocyte counts, quantitative immunoglobulin levels or immune response capability as assessed by the following in vitro assays: percent of E, EA, and EAC rosette‐forming cells, the percent of surface membrane immunoglobulin bearing cells, and the blastogenic responses to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen and concanavalin A. The procedures were well‐tolerated without complications. During a follow‐up period of 18 months, significant increases in total white cell counts (but not absolute lymphocyte counts), and in quantitative immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM, and IgA) were observed. The median increases in immunoglobulin levels ranged from 27.5% for IgG to 44% for IgA. We conclude that lymphapheresis as described is relatively safe and our results are reassuring in relation to lymphocyte losses that may occur during repeat cytapheresis procedures of normal blood

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00776.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The granulocyte immunofluorescence test (GIFT) is valuable for detecting allogeneic and autologous granulocyte antibodies. However, the original tube technique (macro GIFT) requires 50–100 μl of serum and 106granulocytes with time‐consuming washing steps which cause cell loss. We report a modification (micro GIFT) using microtiter trays which requires only 20 μl of serum and 2 times 105granulocytes. The modified method conserves reagents, reduces the time required for washing by 67%, decreases cell loss in washing by 74%, reduces the volume of conjugate required by 67%, and compares favorably with the macro GIFT in accuracy, specificity, and sensit

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00777.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Three polyspecific antiglobulin reagents were tested in a spin antiglobulin technique with 51 antibodies of varying blood group specificities in which the volume of antiglobulin reagent used ranged from 1 volume (35 μl) to 3 volumes (105 μl). Statistical analysis of results showed that a significant decrease in avidity and agglutination scores occurred as the volume of antiglobulin reagent used was increased (‘volume effect’). The volume effect was shown by 33/51 (65%) of antibodies with all three antiglobulin reagents and by 48/51 (94%) of antibodies with at least one antiglobulin reagent. Only 3/51 (6%) failed to show the volume effect with all three antiglobulin rea

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00778.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A study of automated anti‐D quantitation on untreated and dithiothreitol (DTT) pre‐treated plasma has been undertaken. The results indicate that in most cases pre‐treatment of plasma with DTT causes a reduction in the anti‐D level detected. In one case such treatment caused the anti‐D level to fall to less than 50% of its original value. DTT treatment prior to quantitation may give a more accurate assessment of the IgG anti‐D level present in plasma and thus be of assistance in the selection of suitable plasma for anti‐D immunoglobulin preparation. The technique may also have applications in the diagnosis and management of haemolytic disease o

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00779.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Sera from 40 patients with febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion reactions were tested for the presence of alloantibodies using a number of techniques, including immunofluorescence tests on granulocytes, lymphocytes and platelets, a modified NIH lymphocytotoxicity test and the leukocyte agglutination test. Cells of at least 9 donors were used as target cells. Alloantibodies were detected in all sera. The frequency of the occurrence of antibodies was not much higher in sera obtained about 1 month after the transfusion reaction as in sera obtained within 4 days. Most of these antibodies were anti‐HLA, but quite frequently platelet‐specific antibodies were found, and sometimes these were the only antibodies detected. Granulocyte‐specific antibodies were the least frequent. The nature of the antibodies was specified by their difference in reactivity with the cells of multiple donors, by applying panels of cells from typed donors and by absorption and elution experiments. It appeared that not only granulocyte‐specific but also HLA‐ and perhaps platelet‐specific antibodies may be responsible for a febrile transfusion reaction. We did not find that the occurrence of rigors, together with fever, was associated with particular serolo

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00780.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The second example of anti‐K22 was found, like the first, in an Iranian Jew living in Israel. The consanguineous parents of the propositus were both K+k+, and investigation of the family suggested thatK22is controlled by theKelllocus;Ktravelling withK22andkwithK

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00781.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Two cloned mouse hybridomas, designated G8 and E3, produced anti‐M of immunoglobulin classes IgG2b and IgG1, respectively. No discrepancies were observed in testing over 5,000 normal donor blood samples with appropriately diluted G8 and E3 culture supernatant fluids in parallel with rabbit anti‐M and anti‐N typing reagents. The specificity and titer of antibodies produced by G8 and E3 were minimally affected by changes in temperature (37°C, 22°C, 4°C). G8 and E3 showed reduced activity with typeMMred cells that had been treated with either neuraminidase or papain, but differences were observed in the susceptibility of the respective epitopes to treatment with neuraminidase. Furthermore, G8 and E3 exhibited different specificities when used to test the red cells of nonhuman primates and erythrocytes of the rareMgMghuman blood type. These results indicate the existence of at least two M antigen

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1985.tb00782.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY