摘要:

Abstract.Studies were conducted to determine the hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (anti‐HBS) levels and antibody subtype specificities required in order for anti‐HBSsera of human origin to be suitable for use in radioimmunoassay (RIA) inhibition tests for determining the specificity of positive reactions for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg.) Also, the RIA inhibition method was evaluated for detection of anti‐HBSin sera of laboratory personnel. Only anti‐HBSsera with complement‐fixing (CF) antibody titers of 1:32 or higher effectively inhibited HBSAg‐positive sera with demonstrable CF activity, and complete inhibition was obtained only for antigens having CF titers of 1:64 or lower. Higher‐titered antigens could be inhibited when diluted 1:10‐1: 100. The low‐titered HBSAg preparation supplied with AusRIA kits (Abbott Laboratories) was effectively inhibited by low‐titered anti‐HBSsera, and when used in RIA inhibition tests on sera from laboratory personnel, the tests detected anti‐HBSin approximately 14% of the individuals tested, a slightly greater number than those showing anti‐HBsin passive hemagglutination tests. Inhibition of HBSAg‐positive sera by the anti‐HBSsera could not be related to thedandysubtype specificities of the antigens or antisera; the antisera were no more effective in inhibiting antigens of the homologous subtype than thos

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00616.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Eight normal healthy volunteers underwent a series of three plasmaphereses, prior to the infusion of 250, 500, and 750 ml hydroxyethyl starch (HES), respectively, in order to ascertain the effect of this agent on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), blood typing and crossmatching, and serum amylase levels. The bolus injection of either 500 or 750 ml HES produced a significant increase in the ESR, which was sustained over a 5‐hour period. Rouleaux formation was observed to be dose related and only observed following administration of>500 ml (575 mg/dl whole blood concentration). The rouleaux formation was, however, easily dispersed by the addition of saline. Blood typing and crossmatching studies were normal, but caution must be taken in regard to false positives when the estimated blood concentration of HES exceeds 575 mg/dl.a‐Amylase activity corrected for hemodilution was not significantly altered immediately following infusion of HES in these reported amounts. Recommendation of a new method of HES administration during centrifugal leucapheresis is discus

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00617.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A patient with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia due to an autoagglutinin of anti‐ITspecificity is reported. The antibody was of the IgM class and bound complement; unexpectedly, it reacted optimally at 37°C. A prozone was noted when testing serial dilutions of the patient's serum against appropriate red cells in saline, but was not found when testing an eluate prepared from the patient's red cells. Investigations suggested that the prozone was due to a blocking antibody of high molecular weight, which appeared to be specific for I and

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00618.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Human IgG separated by Cohn fractionation showed variability in the content of aggregates, plasminogen and anticomplement activity. The plasminogen was removed or markedly reduced by affinity chromatography on Sepharose‐lysine. Anticomplement activity was reduced by chromatography of Cohn fraction II on DEAE‐cellulose. Preparations of IgG obtained by chromatography of intermediates from Cohn fractionation (e.g. Cohn FII + FIII or FII + FIII W) on DEAE‐cellulose were devoid of aggregates, plasminogen and exhibited reduced anticomplement activity. The initial levels of specific antibody activity to viral agents were recovered in the IgG fractions. Fragmentation of IgG during storage was prevented or greatly reduced by removal of plasminogen by affinity chromatography on Sepharose

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00619.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effect of fragmentation produced by plasmin digestion of tetanus immune globulin (human) on the neutralization of tetanus toxin was determined. Based on a mouse test, there was a significant reduction in neutralizing potency when fragmentation to 3.5 S material reached or exceeded 20% suggesting a threshold for antibody fragmentation beyond which the resulting decrease in antibody potency would result in serious disease. Because this threshold is not known for man, the use of fragmented globulin for the prevention or treatment of tetanus should be avoided until additional data are available on its neutralizing potency and efficacy.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00620.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Syngeneic peritoneal fluids, i.e. tumor ascitic fluid (TAF); peritoneal exudate fluid (PEF) or normal peritoneal washouts, induce a mitogenic effect in the spleens and lymph nodes of syngeneic animals. Fractions of TAF and PEF of MW less than 1,000 are also effective mitogenic stimulators. The mesenteric lymph nodes, thymus and nonlymphoid tissues, i.e. lung, kidney and liver, are not stimulated. The mitogenic effect peaks at day 3 with a second minor peak at day 7 and disappears by day 9. The mitogenic effect is unrelated to the ability of TAF and PEF to abrogate lymphocyte trapping.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00621.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.S‐sulfonated γ‐globulin (S‐GG) was prepared by treating γ‐globulin with sulfite and tetrathionate ions. About four interchain disulfide bonds were selectively cleaved to give S‐sulfonate groups. Although the above treatment strongly suppresses anticomplementary activity and nonspecific skin reactivity, the resulting S‐GG retains high antibody activity. Furthermore, S‐GG was found to maintain satisfactory levels for prolonged periodsin vivo.The physicochemical and antigenic analyses of S‐GG suggest that the S‐sulfonation induces structural modification only

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00622.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.By heating in the presence of a stabilizer, albumin can be recovered from Cohn fraction IV‐4 and also pyrogen‐free from pyrogenic albu

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00623.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An alarm system is described for use in monitoring the function of the sampler of a 15‐channel BGM and the level of reagent

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00624.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00625.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY