摘要:

AbstractTissue sections of 15 lungs from human infants were taken immediately after death. In each case, routine staining methods and Jabonero's silver impregnation, modified by Van Campenhout, were performed. Cathecholamines were traced according to Falck's method. Each of these techniques revealed in the bronchial and bronchiolar mucosa spherical to ovoid groups of cells, which are distinct, from the surrounding epithelium by their light optical and their histochemical properties and which have been named “Neuroepithelial Bodies.”The Neuroepithelial Body bulges into the corium and is built up of cells with a clear cytoplasm and a rounded nucleus. Its apical part protrudes into the bronchial and bronchiolar lumen mostly above the level of the ciliated cell lining and consists of small non‐ciliated cuboidal cells. After silver impregnation, they display a granular silver deposit, especially in the basal cells and appear to be innervated. The technique of Falck reveals a white to yellow fluorescence, especially in the basal area where also the argyrophilia is most marked.The functions of these corpuscular, argyrophilic, innervated and fluorescent bronchial and bronchiolar Neuroepithelial Bodies remain unsettled. Though a separate entity, they seem to be related to the recently reported bronchial Argyrophil, Fluorescent and Granulated AFG (peptide and amine producing?) cells. They might be involved in mucosal bronchial and bronchiolar neurosecretory processes; most probably, however, they are chemo‐, stretch‐, and/or tactile neuro‐rece

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractQuantitative counts of the deep petrosal nerve of the mouse with the electron microscope have shown that, on an average, 3,208 fibers of the total nerve fibers (3,209) are unmyelinated and only one fiber is myelinated. The unmyelinated fibers in the deep petrosal nerves ranged from 0.1 to 1.7 μ in minor diameters, 0.3‐0.4 μ being most frequent (about 30% ), while their major diameters varied from 0.1 to 2.4 μ the majority being 0.4‐0.7 μ (abou

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe large leech neurons known as Retzius cells contain substantial amounts of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) stored in granules. Previous studies show that these cells are able to make 5‐HT from precursors. The present study, which is a combined chemical and autoradiographic analysis of these cells after the administration of radioactive 5‐HT or 5‐HTP, confirms that the cells make 5‐HT from precursors. In addition, this study shows that the cells can acquire and store 5‐HT when it is present in the environment. Thus, if 5‐HT is available, these cells need not manufacture this compound from precursors. Furthermore, the newly acquired 5 HT seems to be stored in the granules that characterize these cells. Finally, this study shows that the Retzius acquire or make

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe shearing strength of single human osteons has been investigated using a microtesting machine equipped with a microwave micrometer. The results Were related to the degree of calcification and the orientation of collagen fiber bundles in successive lamellae of the osteons. The following conclusions were made: (1) Osteons having a marked longitudinal spiral course of fiber bundles in successive lamellae are least able to support shearing stress. This suggests that in the other types of osteon the compactness of bone is strengthened by the lamellae having marked transversal spiral course of the fiber bundles. (2)Ultimate shearing strength and modulus of elasticity of osteons increase as calcification proceeds. (3) The shearing strength of single osteons is markedly lower than the tensile and compressive strength for samples of the same type. (4) In osteons loaded along their axis the range of elastic deformation is barely more than 1% of the length of the sample. (5) With the technical procedure used in this investigation the shearing of osteons appears to be preferentially related to the lamellar structure. In osteons loaded excentrically the portions which have slipped out have a rather irregular shape and in many cases one or two fractures occur. (6) The resistance to shearing of the cementing substance at the boundaries of the osteon may be greater than the resistance of the osteon itself.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe definitive course, relations, branches and communications of the extramedullary part of the trigeminal nerve in baboons are described and illustrated. The nerve was dissected in five animals and the location of all related parasympathetic ganglia was verified microscopically. Variable branching patterns were observed in some areas of the nerve field. Comparisons are made with other primates including man.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVascular patterns and the vertical zones of maturing cartilage cells are arranged in geometric radiations. This lobular arrangement reflects a distribution of cells and matrix of differing maturity; those cells and matrix closest to the collagenous wall of the vascularized canal are maintained in an immature state longer than those located toward the periphery of the lobule. This configuration suggests a relationship between the oxygenation of cartilage, its maturity, and its ossification. Arteries in the cartilage canal frequently are destined to become the arteries located within themarrow cavity of mature bones.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTrypsin‐separated epithelia and mesenchyme were prepared from the following urogenital and integumental tissues of embryonic mice: seminal vesicle, urogenital sinus, preputial gland, and back, snout, and plantar surface foot plate skin. These components were rejoined in control (homotypic) and experimental (heterotypic) recombinants and were subsequently grown for one to three weeks as intraocular grafts to adult male hosts. Grafts of intact rudiments provided additional control data.In heterotypic recombinants composed of urogenital epithelia (urogenital sinus or seminal vesicle) and integumental mesenchyme (back, snout, or plantar), the epithelium responded as if androgens were absent, i.e., urogenital sinus epithelium formed a keratinized structure, while seminal vesicle epithelium developed into a small tubule of columnar epithelium. On the other hand, plastic integumental epithelia (snout or plantar) was transformed by urogenital mesenchyme of the urogenital sinus or seminal vesicle into a glandular epithelium characteristic of the mesenchymal source. Similarly, the normally glandular preputial gland epithelium could be induced to form keratinized, hair‐bearing skin by back and snout skin dermis, and although preputial gland mesenchyme did not manifest inductive properties when associated with integumental mesenchyme, it was able to participate in typical skin differentiation.These data demonstrate (1) the importance of the mesenchyme in mediating epithelial response to androgens, (2) the stability of urogenital epithelia, (3) the plasticity of integumental epithelia, and (4) the inductive properties of urogenital and integumental mesench

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFive adult monkeys(Macaca mulatta)having an average weight of 3.4 kg were analyzed for the overall skeletal contents of water, fat, nonfatty organic fraction, volatile inorganic fraction and ash. Volumes of bone and marrow for each skeletal region were calculated according to an earlier method used in the study of the dog and rabbit (Gong and Arnold, '65; Gong and Reis, 1970). A shortcut method for calculating marrow volume and fresh volumes of trabecu‐lar and cortical bone using only two variables, the ash volume (or mass) and the fresh volume of the skeletal region, was also shown. It was found that the marrow constituted approximately 50.7% of the overall skeletal volume. Comparison of the composition of the marrow in the long bone and flat bone regions of the skeleton showed that the general distribution of the various components in these regions was similar to those found in the dog and rabbit; namely, a relatively high fat content in the long bone marrow and relatively high nonfatty organic and water contents in the flat bone marro

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractReceptor‐destroying enzyme (RDE) and purified neuraminidase(V. cholerae)were added in varying concentrations to cultures of L929 fibro‐blasts, HeLa cells and FL amnion cells. After 96 hours incubation at 36oC, RDE was found to enhance the growth of L929 fibroblasts and FL amnion cells, as measured spectrophotometrically by total DNA synthesis. Neuraminidase was found to stimulate growth in the three cell lines, using the same method of DNA determination. Neuraminidase, moreover, significantly increased the mitotic indices of the three cell lines after 72 hours incubat

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ultrastructural morphology of the jejunal and ileal cells of newborn calves was similar to the intestinal absorptive cells of other newborn ungulates. Microvilli were well developed, tubules or invaginations in the apical cytoplasm were extensive. Large supranuclear vacuoles were limited to the ileal cells. After injection of ferritin‐IgG or ferritin into ligated intestinal loops, the ferritin particles were found around the microvilli and within the tubular system. After 2‐6 hours ileal vacuoles containing ferritin were found near the basal membrane. In the jejunal cell ferritin was found only in the tubules. No ferritin could be detected in calf sera after injection into the intestinal loops. To establish that heterologous proteins were absorbed, calves were given human serum via stomach tube and their sera subsequently was found to contain circulating levels of human albumin and gamma globulin. Also newborn pigs and suckling rats also were given ferritin; but it could not be detected in their sera. The results of these experiments suggest that while the neonatal intestine is permeable to some het‐erologous proteins, ferritin is not transported across the absorptive cell into the circul

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091720310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY