ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080317

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080318

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080319

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080320

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGuinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), rich in glycogen granules, were collected from sodium‐caseinate‐induced eritoneal exudate. When these cells were incubated with rickettsiae, many microogranisms were phagocytized within 30 minutes at 35oC and vacuoles up to 5 μm in diameter containing glycogen granules were present. Contained within these vaculoes were phagocytized extracellular material and a dense, lysosomelike substance that was acid phosphatase positive. These vacuoles, which were interpreted to be autophagosomes, were absent from PMNs that had not been stimulated with microorganisms. The number of rickettsiae in the PMN did not appear to be related to the number of autophagosomes. About 8% and 80% of thin‐sectioned profiles of PMNs contained these vacuoles after 30 minutes and 4 hours incubation, respectively. After 4 hours, the PMNs contained multiple autophagosomes. Almost all of the glycogen granules were in autophagosomes in some of the cells. In some PMNs, discontinuous membranes encirlced some glycogen. When PMNs were initally incubated with thorium dioxide and ferritin, and extensively washed prior to incubation with rickettsiae, glycogen was found surrounded by flattened secondary lysosmes containing the dense tracers. Some autophagosomes also contained the electron‐dense tracers. These results suggest that rickettisae induce the rapid formation of glycogen‐containing autophagosomes in guinea pig peritoneal PMN

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVascularization in the tail musculature, which contains red and white muscle fibers, of the prometamorphic anuran tadpole was analyzed quantitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sample was fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide; this was followed by freeze‐fracturing in liquid nitrogen. As good ultrastructural preservation and reliable identification of capillaries were given by this technique, various morphometric parmeters, cross‐sectional capillary area in particular, could be measured exactly.In red muscle fiber that had a small cross‐sectional area (2,060.1 μm2), high capillary density (1,283.5 capillaries/mm2) and a large cross‐sectional capillary area (96.4 μm2) was found. Although white fiber (9,372.2 μm2) was 4.6 times greater than red fiber in cross‐sectional fiber area, capillary density (95.8 cappilaries/mm2) and cross‐sectional fiber area, capillary area (29.5 μm2) were 13.4 times and 3.3 times smaller than those of red fiber, respectively. From these morphometric values the following parameters were evaluated; (1) capillary/muscle fiber number ratio of red muscle fiber (2.64) was 3.0 times greater than that of white fiber (0.89); and (2) total cross‐sectional capillary araa per crosssectional area of one muscle fiber was 44.0 times greater for red fiber (1.235.4 μm2/104μm2) than for white fiber (28.1 üm2/104μm2). Comparison of the latter parameter between the different fiber types may reflect the differences of real blood supply to them; i.e., red fiber was supplied a 44.0‐times richer blood flow than white fiber.Advantages of morphometric study by SEM, and the relationship between obtained parameters for vascularization and blood supply to the different muscle fib

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of anionic groups of acid mucopolysaccharides on the surface of glomerular constituents of a brwon hagfish,Paramyxine atamiDean, has been studied morphologically. The ionized anionic groups of acid mucopolysaccharides were labeled on fixed tissues by stainig with cationic cacodylate iron colloid (Fe‐Cac) at pH 4.0. The glomerular permeability to cationic and anionic macromolecules was observed morphologically in the kidney of the animal injected native anionic ferritin (NF) or cationized ferritin (CF) into the dorsal aorta.Histochemical staining of tissues with Fe‐Cac (pH 4.0) revealed the ionized anionic groups of acid mucopolysaccharides on both luminal and abluminal surfaces of endothelial cells, within the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), and on the visceral epithelial cell surface facing the urinary space. The CF molecules introduced into the dorsal aorta easily passed through the fenestrae of the capillary endothelial cell layer and the thick fibrillar GBM, reaching the urinary space to be adsorbed to the visceral epithelial cell surface or taken up by these visceral epithelial cell. On the other hand, NF hardly passed through the capillary wall. These results show that the nonosmoregulating mesonephric glomerulus of the brown hagfish has a working anionic barrier system. The function of its glomerulus is compared to that of the mammalian metanephric glomeru

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIncubation of skin in 2 N sodium bromide allows separation of dermal and epidermal layers leaving an intact basal lamina covering the dermal portion. Examination of the surface of the dermis by SEM shows cells migrating through the basal lamina. By scanning and transmission electron microscopy, these cells have the characteristics of lymphocytes. The migrating lymphocytes produce a sequence of basal lamina deformations including dome formation, effacement of corrugations, and central fenestrations with hole formation allowing lymphocyte passage. Following passage there is reestablishment of a relatively smooth basal lamina in the crater base, effacement of the crater rim, and finally reformation of basal lamina corrugations. This deformability of the basal lamina supports the hypothesis that basal lamina is thixotropic. This study is the first demonstration in three dimensions of lymphocyte traffic across the basal lamina, an important component of skinassociated lymphoid tissue (SALT).

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBoth DNA and RNA disappear from the nucleus during differentiation of granular cells into cornified cells but the fate of nuclear proteins remains unknown. We investigated localization of nuclear proteins in rat epidermis by light and electron microscopic immunoperoxidase techniques. As a probe, three sera that reacted, respectively, with the nucleoplasm, nucleolus, and nuclear envelope of basal cells of rat epidermis were used. In granular cells both the antinucleoplasm serum and antinucleolus serum increased intensity of the nuclear staining, but they reacted also with ribosomes, filaments, and periphery of keratohyalin granules in the cytoplasm. The staining appeared diffusely in cornified cells and identification of nuclear components became impossible. In contrast, the antinuclear envelope serum stained only the nuclear outline in granular cells and continued to stain the nuclear contour in cornified cells of the fourth and fifth proximal cell layers. The antigenic components surrounded amorphous but not filamentous materials in cornified cells. These findings suggest that some nuclear proteins become immunologically indistinguishable from cytoplasmic protein. However, the nuclear envelope protien maintains its localization even after nucleic acids are lost and the nuclear space is detectable in cornified cells by use of autoantibody directed to this protein(s).

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe form and function of the mesometrial smooth muscle and the interposed mesometrial branches and tributaries of the uterine vessels were studied in the nonpregnant and pregnant mouse to see whether contractions of mesometrial muscle alter uterine blood flows. Histological sections of mouse uterine horn demonstrated that the outer longitudinal layer of myometrium extends onto the mesometrium and sandwiches the mesometrium and its vessles as a bilaminar myometrial extension (BME). The BME ends midway across the mesometrium as a free edge. Cleared specimens, perfused with silicone rubber, revealed that the mesometrial branches and tributaries of the uterine vesels formed longitudinally communicating looping arcades between adjacent mesometrial vessels. Comparisons with human dissections and uterine histological sections revealed similar patterns of mesometrial smooth muscle and mesometrial blood vessele. BME activity and its control of mesometrial blood flow were studied by transillumination of the surgically exposed mesometria of anesthetized day 12 pregnant mice. Observed contractions of the BME coincided precisely with uterine contractions measured at the cervix and the BME contractions diminished or stopped venous outflow particularly in the midhhorn regions. Arterial flows seemed to be unaffected and were diminished or halted only during infrequent forceful and sustained contractions. Trapped venous outflow passed up or down the venous arcades to escape through less restricted mesometrial veins. Uterine and BME contractions normally take place throughout gestation. It is possible that abnormally long and forceful contractions may compormise the embryo or fetus.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1092080307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY