摘要:

AbstractA description is given of two intersex rabbits, which appeared to be females and, in the course of an experiment, were injected with chorionic gonadotrophin, and then matted with a male. When the animals were sacrificed six days later, the reproductive system was found to be absent except for testes located in the abdomen. On histological examination of the gonads, large amounts of interstitial tissue were found, together with immature seminiferous tubules. The tubules contained large atypical cells, spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. The chromosome number and karyotype, as determined from bone marrow, were male in each case. The intersex pattern and the morphology of the large cells within the seminiferous tubules are discussed.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn electron microscopical investigation was made of neuronal terminals in operatively removed human duodenum and jejunum. No intraepithelial neuronal elements were found. The lamina propria mucosae, submucosa and muscular layer possessed, in addition to large bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibers, small ones consisting of three or four axons wrapped by infoldings of one Schwann cell. Some of these axons were light; others contained mitochondria and clear vesicles measuring 200–500 Å across. Still other axons had dense‐cored vesicles with a diameter ∼ 700 Å. The plasma membranes of vesiculated axons were not thickened and only in part invested by the Schwann cell, but were covered by a basement membrane. Such profiles were interpreted as nerve terminals, and were separated from fibers of the muscularis mucosae, bases of epithelial cells and submucous capillaries by interspaces measuring 5,000–6,800 Å. The gap between neuronal terminals and smooth muscle in the muscular wall was smaller (900 Å, more often 1,500–3,000 Å). The myenteric plexus contained nerve bundles consisting of the usual axons and of preterminals; some of the latter contained small clear vesicles, others predominantly larger granulated vesicles, and still others a mixture of both types of vesicles. The similarities and differences of neuronal terminals occurring in animals and in man were pointed out. The significance of the findings of this study was discussed in the light of current concepts of the physiology of autonomic nerv

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe abdominal lymphaticovenous communications in the squirrel monkey were studied by injection, sections and by microscopic observationsin vivo. Caval pressures were measured and correlated with lymphatic pressures.Lymphaticovenous communications were easily identified by a pulsating reflux of venous blood, which was related more to lymphatic than to venous pressure. The caval venous pressure was constant at 7 cm H2O. Lymph continued to flow until venous pressure reached 14 cm H2O. The first lymphatic valve remained competent at 60 cm H2O. There was no anatomical or physiological evidence of a sphincter mechanism at the lymphaticovenous ostia. With identical criteria, no abdominal lymphaticovenous communications were found in the rat. Except for rare anomalies, abdominal lymphaticovenous communications are species characteristics.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHorseradish peroxidase was injected into the spleens of mice and the animals were sacrificed ten minutes after injection. The tissues were reacted with 3‐3′ diaminobenzidine hydrochloride and the distribution of the reaction product was studied with both the light and electron microscope. The peroxidase was localized between epithelial cells up to the region of the tight junction and within vacuoles in the absorptive cells Granules ranging in size from ca. 40A to 600A were observed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells in numbers far in excess of that found in control specimens. It appeared that the diffuse light brown staining observed in epithelial cells with the light microscope could be attributed to large numbers of granules of reaction product free in the cytoplasm. When corn oil was given by stomach tube and an intravascular injection of perioxidase was given ten minutes later, absorbed lipid was found to pass from interepithelial cell spaces to lamina propria at the same time that peroxidase was traversing the same compartments in the reverse direction. Hence, it was shown that exogenous peroxidase and probably other substances of vascular origin required for the metabolism of epithelial cells are exposed to both the basal and lateral epithelial cell membranes, even when absorbed lipid is traversing the same spaces in the opposite direct

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractKidneys of timed fetal and newborn mice of the C57BL stock were sectioned and stained with a modified Bowie technique. The juxtaglomerular cells, indentifiable by their granularity and position, were recognized rather late in fetal life — three or four days before birth. By the eighth day postpartum, the granular cells of the JGA had reached a peak of differentiation and closely resembled the adult JGA in their number, size, granularity, and position. The mesangial cell was often but not always granulated. The granular cell indices (G.C.I.) of fetal, newborn, and adult mice are compared. The high G.C.I. in fetal kidneys in our studies should account for the high renin titre found by others in fetal kidney extract

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe carbohydrate‐rich secretions of bovine, ovine and porcine submandibular and sublingual glands have been investigated histochemically. The strong PAS staining of mucous acini in all the glands indicates presence of mucin rich in residues withvic‐glycols. This staining correlates well with the neutral sugar (hexose or deoxyhexose) content except in the bovine submandibular gland in which other types of residues as perhaps C‐6 linked or terminal amino sugars with vicinal hydroxyls apparently account for PAS staining. Strong staining with a periodate‐paradiamine procedure is observed only in the glands with high hexose or deoxyhexose levels and is absent from those with strong PAS reactivity apparently attributable to amino sugars. Digestion with malt diastase diminishes the PAS staining of a mucous secretion in mucous acini of the sheep glands.The mucous acini of the submandibular glands form sialomucin uniformly and afford no evidence for the presence of a sulfomucin. The basophilia of this sialomucin in sow and ewe is fully susceptible to sialidase. Sialomucin basophilia in the bovine submandibular gland is only partially digestible, indicating presence of two kinds of neuraminic acid or two sialomucins in this gland.In the sublingual glands the proportion of sulformucin to sialomucin increases in the order cow‐sow‐ewe. The sialomucin in the bovine and porcine sublingual mucous acini revealed as blue‐stained material with the high iron diamine‐alcian blue sequence largely succumbs to sialidase. Much of that similarly demonstrated in the ovine sublingual gland resists digestion, suggesting presence herein of two sialomucins. The sialomucin in all the mucous acini of the ovine submandibular and some mucous acini of the ovine sublingual glands loses azurophilia and undergoes marked decrease in alcianophilia after digestion with malt diastase.Prominent seromucous demilunes in the ovine and bovine glands appear to secrete a sulfated mucosaccharide. The secretion in these sites stains well with the PAS method. The seromucous demilunes in the cow afford evidence also of a mucosaccharide‐conta

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA group of venous sacculations associated wth a system of glomerular arteriovenous anastomoses and numerous nerves lies adjacent to the vertebral artery. As thin walled extensions of a dural sinus, these ampullae are structurally capable of responding to changes in venous pressure. The function of their glomerular connections to branches of the vertebral artery is not apparent.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen portions of the cytoplasm of fibroblasts cultured from mouse embryo tissues are irradiated with heterochromatic microbeams of ultraviolet light, lymphocytes are attracted (Lymphotaxis) to the injured areas. The lymphocytes approach in the “hand mirror” shape characteristic of tissue cultures. On reaching the fibroblast, pseudopodia shoot out to “lick” the wound and then the lymphocyte “worms” its way across the cell. Only one lymphocyte contacts a fibroblast but the same one may make several passes. It is postulated that lymphocytes are cleaning the wounded area of undesirable irradiation products and/or applying healing substances to the wounded fibroblast.Irradiation of lymphocytes in portions of the cytoplasm fails to evoke responses from nearlby lymphocytes. Instead, the cytoplasm whirls around the nucleus as if the irradiation products can not leave the cell, resulting in convulsions and death.A technique is described by which relatively pure cultures of lymphocytes may be obtained from leukocyte cultures by selectively killing all granular leukocytes with excessive exposure to microbeams of ultraviolet light. Lymphocytes are harvested and introduced into fibroblast cultures to study experimental

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSilicone rubber microvascular injection compounds have been used to describe the mucosal vascular architecture of the monkey's small intestine. The mucosal vascular patterns of this animal differ from the classical description. Instead of the villus blood supply being delivered via a central villus arteriole, the arterioles ramify to the undersurface of the mucosa where they terminate in the capillary plexus surrounding the crypts of Lieberkuhn. The villus capillary net is derived directly from the cryptic capillary plexus and is drained by a single, central villus vein. There is a secondary venous return system that directly drains the cryptic plexus. These secondary venous channels might represent a mechanism that regulates the proportional distribution of blood in the cryptic and villus capillary beds.This report is intended to describe the vascular patterns only as they occur in the monkey. Observations of rat and rabbit mucosa prepared by the same technique reveal arterial and venous channels extending the length of the villi. These animals, therefore, more closely resemble the classical description.

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnnulate lamellae occur in the perikaryon and dendritic extensions of lateral geniculate body neurons in the adult cat. The perikaryal arrays are 3‐dimensional membranous stacks composed of parallel rows of agranular, flattened cisterns alternating with amorphous jinear parallel densities. Each lamella contains periodic constrictions and annuli spanned by a diaphragm‐like condensation. Tenuous threads interconnect the lamellae at the annular rims with the parallel densities located midway between successive lamellae. Terminal ends of lamellae are sometimes dilated and are coextensive with cytoplasmic granular endoplasmic reticulum. Individual components of dendritic configurations are repeated at shorter intervals than their major somal counterparts, and the midregion densities are absent.Annulate lamellae occur at a distance of 2 μ or more from the nucleus. Their origin remains undetermined. The lamellar structures are relatively resistant to marked changes displayed by cytoplasmic membranes in neurons undergoing atrophic degenera

ISSN:0003-276X    

DOI:10.1002/ar.1091590211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY