ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo human peripheral blood monocyte subsets and lymphocytes were isolated by counterflow centrifugal elutriation (CCE). The cell volumes of 303 μ3and 380 μ3were measured for the smaller and larger monocyte populations, respectively.Superoxide release by large monocytes exposed to opsonized zymosan was five times more active than that of the small monocytes. The production of colony stimulating activity was two-fold greater and the myeloperoxidase activity was 1.4-fold greater by the larger monocytes. Enriched fractions of cytotoxic cells responsible for natural killer (NK) activity against neuroblastoma cells were also obtained by counterflow centrifugal elutriation. Natural killer cells were obtained in larger lymphocyte fractions and had a mean cell volume of 180μ3. Compared with the NK activity against the neuroblastoma cells, both the small and large monocytes displayed greater antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against human erythrocytes.The larger peripheral blood monocytes aggregated in response to FMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl alanine peptide) and PAF (platelet activating factor). Unlike the granulocyte, monocyte aggregation in response to FMLP was not accompanied by degranulation nor was it potentiated by cytochalasin B. In addition, monocyte aggregation could be blocked by benoxaprofen, unlike the granulocyte. Thus, CCE provides a means of isolating subsets of monocytes and lymphocytes and obtaining large numbers of peripheral blood monocytes for functional studies.

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe neonatal period is a state of relative innumodeficiency during which newborns are particularly vulnerable to bacterial, protozoal, and viral infections. In addition, they localize infection poorly, mount a sluggish antibody response to injected antigens and are relatively anergic. Bothin vivoandin vitrostudies suggest that functional immaturity of neonatal macrophages may contribute to this immunologic hyporesponsiveness. Resistance to viral and bacterial infection and production of antibody can be enhanced in neonates by injection of adult macrophages. Specific functional defeats in newborns monocytes have been demonstrated in their capacity to chemotax, to resist intracellular multiplication of virus and to effect antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity towards virus-infected target cells. Monocytes from newborns also appear to present antigen poorly, and to co-operate with T-lymphocytes in the suppression of IgG-production by B cells.

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn the evolution of the animal kingdom, the first cell to appear that was specialized for a function in host defense was the mononuclear phagocyte. In primitive marine invertebrates such as the starfish and the limpet, freely wandering mononuclear phagocyte cells, the coelomocytes, are the ancestors of the cells of the monocyte/macrophage system found in higher vertebrates and man. As the complexity of higher organisms increased and the specific immune system evolved, the mononuclear phagocyte continued to play a central position in the process of host defense. This report explores the hypothesis that the systems used by the mononuclear phagocyte in primitive invertebrates for recognition of self from nonself have been preserved throughout evolution as part of the foundation of the system of adaptive immunity. Evidence is presented that nonimmune cytotoxic mononuclear phagocytes from invertebrates as well as from man recognize and kill foreign cells using lectin-like receptors which interact with the carbohydrate portion of glycoproteins and glycolipids on the foreign cell surface membrane. Further evidence is presented showing that immune processes such as immunoregulatory interactions involving suppressor T cells and suppressor factors controlling both T cell proliferation and immunoglobulin production by B cells also rely on cellular lectincarbohydrate interactions. We speculate on the basis of these observations that a principal mechanism of cellular recognition, cellular cooperation, and regulation in host defense is based on a fundamental sugar code system involving the interaction of cell surface and secreted lectin-like molecules with carbohydrate polymer receptor structures on the membranes of cells from both self and nonself.

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-8562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID