ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe yeast genome is currently being sequenced by a Consortium of European laboratories, in collaboration with a wider international network of researchers. It is expected that within the next two yearsSaccharomyces cerevisiaewill become the first eukaryotic organism to have been completely genetically mapped and sequenced. This article traces the sequencing enterprise from its beginnings, outlining the intentions, the organisation, and the achievements so far. The tasks which remain are discussed, emphasising the follow‐on research into the evolution of primitive karyotypes, and, more particularly, into the nature of novel genes revealed during sequencing. The functional analysis of novel genes is attracting an ever wider community of yeast scientists, so that research which began with a decision to sequence a simple genome promises to remain a focus for international cooperatio

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe term ‘yeast’ is often taken as a synonym forSaccharomyces cerevisiae, but the phylogenetic diversity of yeasts is illustrated by their assignment to two taxonomic classes of fungi, the ascomycetes and the basidiomycetes. Subdivision of taxa within their respective classes is usually made from comparisons of morphological and physiological features whose genetic basis is often unknown. Application of molecular comparisons to questions in yeast classification offers an unprecedented opportunity to re‐evaluate current taxonomic schemes from the perspective of quantitative genetic differences. This review examines the impact of molecular comparisons, notably rRNA/rDNA sequence divergence, on the current phenotypically defined classification of yeasts. Principal findings include: 1) budding ascomycetous yeasts are monophyletic and represent a sister group to the filamentous ascomycetes, 2) fission yeasts are ancestral to budding and filamentous ascomycetes, 3) the molecular phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts is generally congruent with type of hyphal septum, presence or absence of teliospores in the sexual state, and occurrence of cellular x

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo a yeast, the cell wall is an important living organelle performing a number of vital functions, including osmotic and physical protection, selective permeability barrier, immobilized enzyme support and cell‐cell recognition and adhesion. Our basic model of wall structure involves attachment of secreted mannoproteins to a fibrillar inner layer of β‐glucan. Recent work has emphasised the importance of chitin in lateral walls, examined the mechanisms of attachment of mannoproteins to the various cell wall glucan fractions and elucidated the pathway of β‐glucan synthesis, by means of resistance to glucan‐binding killer toxins. The conventional view of wall structure has been challenged by the discovery of a class of GPI‐anchored, serine/threonine‐rich wall‐proteins. It has been suggested, that these proteins are anchored in the plasma membrane, spanning the wall with extended O‐glycosylated structures and protruding out into the medium. Examination of these proteins shows a diversity of structures, sizes and behaviour that makes it improbable that these represent a new class of wall proteins. The possible roles of one of these proteins associated with flocculation, Flo

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have constructed and tested a dominant resistance module, for selection ofS. cerevisiaetransformants, which entirely consists of heterologous DNA. ThiskanMXmodule contains the knownkanropen reading‐frame of theE. colitransposonTn903 fused to transcriptional and translational control sequences of theTEFgene of the filamentous fungusAshbya gossypii.This hybrid module permits efficient selection of transformants resistant against geneticin (G418). We also constructed alacZMTreporter module in which the open reading‐frame of theE. coli lacZgene (lacking the first 9 codons) is fused at its 3′ end to theS. cerevisiae ADH1terminator.KanMXand thelacZMTmodule, or both modules together, were cloned in the center of a new multiple cloning sequence comprising 18 unique restriction sites flanked byNotI sites. Using the double module for constructions of in‐frame substitutions of genes, only one transformation experiment is necessary to test the activity of the promotor and to search for phenotypes due to inactivation of this gene. To allow for repeated use of the G418 selection somekanMXmodules are flanked by 470 bp direct repeats, promotingin vivoexcision with frequencies of 10–3–10–4. The 1·4 kbkanMXmodule was also shown to be very useful for PCR based gene disruptions. In an experiment in which a gene disruption was done with DNA molecules carrying PCR‐added terminal sequences of only 35 bases homology to each target site, all twelve tested geneticin‐resistant colonies carried the correctly int

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-503X    

DOI:10.1002/yea.320101301

出版商:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY