摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents findings from an Australian survey of work conditions, coping behaviors and stress among 93 long‐distance coach drivers. A tripartite model of coach driver stress is presented. The model proposes that the impacts of job demands (e.g. driving hours) on work‐related stress outcomes (e.g. doctor visits) are mediated by a set of maladaptive coping behaviors and responses (e.g. stimulant use, speeding). Correlational analyses of the survey data provided general support for the model. Results suggested that long driving hours provide the single best predictor of maladaptive behaviors such as stimulant use and sleep disturbance among the drivers. The maladaptive behaviors, in turn, consistently predicted stress outcomes such as doctor visits and symptom reports. Direct correlations between job demands and stress outcomes were also consistent with the model, but the correlations were of a lower magnitude. The data suggests that stimulant use and sleep disturbance may be important mediators in the link between job demands and stress outcomes for long‐distance coach drivers. Path modelling with larger samples is recommended for future research along the present lines. Implications for work practices within the long‐distance transport industry are briefly con

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120702

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe current research analyzed employee perceptions of the completeness of a self‐report, point‐factor job evaluation system. Complementary qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to identify characteristics of jobs, characteristics of employees, and characteristics of the job evaluation procedure that affected employee perceptions of the system. Analyses indicated that the job evaluation instrument might describe some classes of jobs more completely than others. Situations where job evaluation is particularly problematic are identified and discus

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120703

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe examined the impact of stressful job demands on employee attitudes and attendance. Using Karasek's (1979) theory of job decision latitude as the conceptual foundation, we hypothesized that mental and physical work demands would interact with employee beliefs of personal control. Survey data from 90 male manufacturing employees regarding their control beliefs were combined with objective job analysis data concerning mental and physical demands and one year's worth of archival data regarding unexcused absences, sick days, and days tardy. There were significant interactions between control and objective psychological demands that indicated that these demands were associated with higher levels of tardiness and sick days only under conditions of low perceived control. In contrast, subjective workload ratings showed no relationship with tardiness and sick days, but, in interaction with control, predicted work satisfaction and voluntary absence. We discussed these results in terms of a stress process that affects health‐related attendance independent of employee attitude

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120704

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOlder workers re‐entering the workforce and those changing jobs are coming to play an increasingly important role in the labor force, especially as part‐time workers. Yet the work orientation and job satisfaction of these workers has not been studied. Do ‘situational’ factors such as skill and pay matter for this subgroup of workers, and if so, which ones? If significant factors exist, can their effect be explained by the mediating influence of ‘dispositional’ factors like work values? This paper explores these questions in a study of 198 older workers who had begun new, mostly part‐time jobs. Regression analysis shows that the intrinsic indicators for skill and autonomy have a positive effect on job satisfaction. No extrinsic factor was significantly related to satisfaction, indicating that these workers are more than ‘instrumentally’ oriented. This support for a ‘situational’ interpretation of the impact of work, especially intrinsic features, was sustained in analyses which incorporated work values. To the extent that the growing number of part‐time jobs are relatively low‐skilled, and to the extent that older workers in new jobs are influenced most by intrinsically rewarding work, there appears to be a growing mismatch between an occupational niche and those who ar

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120705

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResearch has examined personal change and stability in early adulthood but generally with standardized scales and without inviting explicit comparison of self with other people. The present work uses the repertory grid method to examine how graduates construe themselves and others during early career. Ninety‐four graduate entrants to a multinational corporation with zero to four years' tenure completed repertory grids on two occasions one year apart. Results shed much light on the graduates' concepts of self relative to others in their work setting, and how these change over time. The graduates generally had fairly positive self concepts, though these did not become more positive with tenure. Most saw themselves much as they thought others saw them. Change in concepts of self varied greatly between graduates, as did the constructs on which those concepts were described. The results cast further doubt on whether organizational socialization affects people in uniform way

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120706

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120707

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120708

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120709

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3796    

DOI:10.1002/job.4030120701

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY