摘要:

AbstractWe tested the notion that angered persons' aggression would be increased through a process of excitation transfer when they are deindividuated, but that individuated subjects would be most aggressive in circumstances under which they could use the information that they had ingested an arousing drug as a pretext for their aggression. Sixty‐two male undergraduates participated under either deindividuated or individuated conditions, ingested either 350 mg of caffeine or a placebo, were informed that they had either taken a stimulant or a nonarousing drug, and were all angered by a confederate. According to prediction, when deindividuated and aroused by caffeine the amount of noxious stimulation subjects delivered to the provocateur was greater if they believed that the drug they had taken was nonarousing than if they thought it was a stimulant; in contrast, individuated subjects' aggression was greater when aroused subjects believed the drug was a stimulant. The results are discussed in terms of excitation transfer and the effect of aggression inhibition on the use of information about one's arousa

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<193::AID-AB2480170402>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSelection of Norway rats (24–27 generations) for low aggressiveness to man resulting in the loss of aggressive responding to handling markedly influences the brain serotonergic system. In “domesticated” Norway rats levels of serotonin in the midbrain and hypothalamus and 5‐hydroxyindole acetic acid in the hypothalamus were higher than in non‐selected aggressive rats. The activity of the key enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase, in midbrain of rats with genetically determined lack of aggressiveness to man was higher than in aggressive animals, although there was no difference in tryptophan hydroxylase activity in the hypothalamus. Bmaxand KDof [3H]spiperone‐specific binding in frontal cortex membranes were increased in tame rats. No significant differences in Bmaxand KDwere found between “domesticated” and aggressive rats in [3H]serotonin binding in the

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<207::AID-AB2480170403>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHigh levels of androgens are required to organize aggressive behavior in adult male rats. Footshock‐induced aggression was tested in Wistar rats allocated to one of three experimental groups: control (oil‐injected) males (M), males neonatally injected with the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate (CA), and males treated as in the CA group but gonadectomized just before puberty (CAG). An antiaggressive effect of CA in those adult male rats neonatally treated with this compound was found. Neonatal exposure to cyproterone acetate exerts an antiandrogenic effect over the expression of shock‐induced aggressive behavior. The behavioral effects of CA were not countered by adult treatment with testosterone propi

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<215::AID-AB2480170404>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCommunal litter defence by sister and nonsister female mice can provide a valuable experimental paradigm to test whether females invest preferentially in kin. Since females within sister and nonsister pairs have different coefficients of relatedness with the young, the cumulative litter has more fitness value for related than for unrelated partners. Sister and nonsister paired females that gave birth simultaneously (n = 18), or at least within 7 days from each other (n = 12), were tested for maternal aggression on post partum day 7, or 10 days after the first delivery, respectively. Sister (n = 14) and nonsister pairs (n = 16) did not differ in cumulative values of post partum aggression or in the extent to which aggression was balanced within the pair. The aggressive behavior of each female was not correlated with her relative proportion of pups in the litter. Rather, the combined scores of aggression within the pairs were found to be positively correlated with the cumulative litter size. The analysis of mouse litter defence behavior shows that, under conditions of communal nesting, kinship does not seem to affect parental investment in the young significantly. Rather, the cumulative litter size could be used by paired females as a major indicator for parental investment allocation.

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<223::AID-AB2480170405>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe combined effects of testosterone and social experience from the time of hatching on development of aggressive behaviors inCyprinodon variegatuswere investigated. Social experience was defined as a rearing condition allowing visual, tactile, chemosensory, and auditory contact with zero, three, or 15 additional conspecifics. Behaviors were videotaped once weekly from 3 weeks to 4 months post‐hatching, using the focal animal method, and an ethogram was constructed. At 3 months post‐hatching, half the fish were injected once with testosterone propionate (2 μg/g b. w., i. p., vehicle‐Ringer's solution) and the other half were injected with Ringer's isotonic saline solution. Testosteronetreated subjects showed significantly greater frequencies and durations of behaviors that may be related to aggression than did saline controls. Two weeks after the treatments, a round‐robin tournament was conducted between testosterone‐ and saline‐treated fish from each rearing condition. Testosterone‐treated fish won significantly more encounters than did saline‐treated subjects over all rearing conditions. Furthermore, significantly more aggressive acts were displayed by fish raised in the groups of 16 and the groups of four than did the Isolates. Although the number of aggressive acts exhibited by the group of 16 was greater than the group of four, the difference was not statistic

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<229::AID-AB2480170406>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<241::AID-AB2480170407>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<242::AID-AB2480170408>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<245::AID-AB2480170409>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1991)17:4<::AID-AB2480170401>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY