摘要:

AbstractSmall all‐male groups of rabbits were studied for periods of 15–20 days in a seminatural setting, giving the animals the possibility of initiating and pacing their social interactions. Behavioral observations included: intermale activity recorded daily and the reactions to the occasional introduction of an intruder female. Hormones were measured in blood samples taken at the beginning and at the end of the experimental period. A combination of behavioral and endocrine parameters, rather than single measures, was used to assign each individual its social rank within each group. Tables of concordance between behavioral and endocrine parameters were compiled to evaluate the dominance and the subordination hierarchy. Different behavioral categories and elements characterized dominance and subordination, indicating the two as district rather than simply reciprocal traits. Their endocrine basis is also different, final levels of testosterone and estradiol being associated with dominance, and corticosterone, ACTH, and androstenedione with subordination. The same hormones in the initial samples were unrelated to the subsequent social status, indicating that hormones are not prerequisites of status. The relevance of specific behavioral and endocrine parameters is discus

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<247::AID-AB2480130502>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of 0.50 g/kg of EtOH in male rats interacting with a stimulus male juvenile in a newly developed test of social interaction was examined. The adult male rats were treated with EtOH (8.0 to 12.0 g/kg/day) or equicaloric dextrin maltose for 2 weeks (studies 1 and 2) or 8 weeks (study 3) and social interaction was assessed both before and after chronic drug treatment was ended in study 1 and after chronic drug treatment was ended in studies 2 and 3. It was found that prior to chronic drug treatment, in study 1, 0.50 g/kg of EtOH increased both aggressive behavior and time spent interacting with the stimulus juvenile male from the first presentation of the juvenile to the second presentation (20 min apart) while saline injection decreased it. After chronic drug treatment was ended, in study 1 animals treated chronically with EtOH were more aggressive when they were not intoxicated than when they had been treated with 0.50 g/kg of EtOH. In studies 2 and 3, after chronic drug treatment was ended, aggressive behavior and time spent interacting with the juvenile were greater in the animals treated chronically with EtOH, regardless of whether they were injected with saline or 0.50 g/kg of EtOH. The results of these studies showed that chronic EtOH treatment can produce long‐lasting changes in social behavior after drug treatment is over and can alter the animal's normal response to EtOH in a social settin

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<259::AID-AB2480130503>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe fear‐potentiating effects of fluprazine hydrochloride were explored in a series of five experiments. The drug was found to strongly inhibit entry into a novel open field, exploration of a complex maze, or approach to a novel object placed in the animal's home cage. Time sampling techniques were used to assess drug effects on frequencies of immobility, activity, and grooming and rearing responses prior to and for 70 min after footshock. There were no group differences during the 10 min immediately following shock but the groups diverged steadily in immobility, activity, and grooming for the remainder of the observations. Post‐shock activity and grooming responses increased steadily towards baseline values among control mice but remained at low levels or declined among drug‐treated mice. Immobility responses declined steadily among control mice but increased substantially among the fluprazine‐treated mice throughout post‐shock observations. Pairs of male mice treated with fluprazine were also found to maintain greater intermouse distances in a novel linear runway than pairs of undrugged adult males, juvenile males, or male‐female pairs. It is suggested that fluprazine hydrochloride both potentiates fear and alters its time course in addition to interfering in some way with normal olfactor

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<269::AID-AB2480130504>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<281::AID-AB2480130505>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<282::AID-AB2480130506>3.0.CO;2-F

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<285::AID-AB2480130507>3.0.CO;2-3

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe primary question addressed is the role of affect related factors, particularly values, as possible mediators of individual differences in attitudes towards nuclear armament‐disarmament issues. One such factor is value placed on children, those individuals who have greater affection for children or who are more supportive of devoting national resources toward meeting children's needs being more supportive of nuclear disarmament and a nuclear test moratorium. This relationship was found in a well‐educated group of adults with a special interest in foreign affairs as well as in college student populations. A significant and strong relationship between the value placed on war as an instrument of foreign policy and a pronuclear armament stance was also found in each of these two samples. Measures of individual aggression, however, were minimally and inconsistently related to the attitude towards nuclear armament‐disarmament and the attitude towards war measures. The possible role of patriotic and nationalistic values was also explored. Patriotism or love of and pride in one's country was shown to be functionally distinct from nationalism or the view that one's country is superior to and should be more powerful than other nations. Patriotism but not nationalism was found to be positively correlated with early paternal sattachment while nationalism but not patriotism, was found to be significantly related to pronuclear armament views. The findings from this series of studies indicate that the analysis of individual differences in nuclear armament‐disarmament policy attitudes has heuristic usefulness and may be useful for social policy in th

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<315::AID-AB2480130508>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<327::AID-AB2480130509>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:5<::AID-AB2480130501>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY