摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine children's reported experiences of anger and their means of expressing anger in their interactions with high versus equal status individuals. Parents and teachers represented high status while siblings and peers represented equal status. Sixth grade children were asked to cite situations in which they experience anger in interaction with peers versus adults and to indicate their typical responses to these situations. We identified 13 categories of situations in which anger was experienced and 11 categories of response to these situations. Anger was experienced in interaction with both high and equal status provokers but of the situations that were identified as producing experiences of anger, nine were reported as occurring differentially in interaction with adults versus peers of the responses to the experience of anger, seven responses were cited differentially in interaction with peers versus adults. The typical responses to adult provoked anger were generally more passive than those to peer provoked anger. Girls more than boys indicated experiencing anger due to adult's task demands but tended to express less overt anger in their interactions with adults than did boys. These findings are consistent with the view that high status of the provoker servers only to inhibit the expression of anger but does not lessen the anger experience itself.

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:3<109::AID-AB2480130302>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNeuropsychological studies of aggressive psychopaths have revealed characteristic deficits in skills that require verbal mediation, conceptual integration, and the abilities to anticipate consequences of actions and to use feedback from behavior to modify maladaptive response patterns. Formulations of this impairment pattern in terms of frontal lobe and left hemisphere dysfunction are reviewed. It is proposed that the aggressive psychopath suffers from an inability to form a self‐referential conceptual classification system for behavioral control and that this predisposes to behavioral disinhibition in situations of stress and interpersonal ambiguity. Finally, implications of neuropsychological studies of aggressive psychopathy for the study of personality and psychopathology are discusse

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:3<119::AID-AB2480130303>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe behavioral profiles generated by a benzodiazepine (BDZ) agonist (diazepam), an “inverse” agonist (β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate ethyl ester, βC‐3‐CEE), and dihydro‐(DHβCs) and tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines (THβCs) were investigated on aggressive isolated mice using a computerized ethopharmacological technique. Augmentation of intraspecific sociability with a concurrent reduction of aggression are characteristic features of diazepam's effects, whereas βC‐3‐CEE exerts the opposite effects. βC‐3‐CEE countered the prosocial activity of diazepam and had intrinsic activities on intraspecific behaviour. Some DHβCs (harmalol and 6‐methoxy‐harmalan) and THβCs (1‐methyl‐6‐hydroxy‐THβC and tetrahydronorharmane) may exacerbate aggression at low (BDZ‐negative) doses (1 mg/kg), and inhibit such behavior at higher (serotonin‐positive) doses (10‐15 mg/kg).The ethological profiles of DHβCs were different from the profiles of THβCs. Differences in ethological profiles of βC‐3‐CEE, DHβCs, and THβCs seem to reflect the neurochemi

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:3<141::AID-AB2480130304>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAdult, laboratory‐reared, and singly caged field crickets,Gryllus integer, of known ages and representing F1 to F4 generations, were exposed to 15–20‐minute bouts of social interaction with introduced adult intruder males on alternate days from approximately 1 week after adult molt to time of death. A total of 3,523 paired‐male bouts for 116 male G.integerwere recorded over a 2.5‐year study period. Adult males used as intruders were wild‐caught or laboratory rearedG. integer, but for nine of the 116 experimental males, wild‐caught intruders of a closely related sympathetic species,G. alogus, were used for all or many of the bouts.Bouts between maleG. integerand conspecific intruders were characterized by significantly elevated levels of aggression (t=6.04, P<0.001) compared with males exposed to heterospecificG. alogusintruders in interspecific interactions. Significant differences (p<0.005, chi‐squared test of independence) existed at four out of five levels in a hierarchy of agonistic behaviors. MostG. integermales exposed to bothG. integerandG. alogusintruders showed significantly reduced aggression levels during the interspecific interactions (p<0.001, Mann‐Whitney U test). ConspecificG. integerdyads in the intraspecific interactions showed significantly stable dominant‐subordinate relationships over time.Confusion surrounding the use of the termaggressionis described with reference to Arthropods in general and Orthopteran insects in particular, and some likely proximate and ultimate bases for reduced interspecific aggression in field cri

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:3<149::AID-AB2480130305>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:3<165::AID-AB2480130306>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:3<169::AID-AB2480130307>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:3<::AID-AB2480130301>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY