摘要:

AbstractTarget‐biting of confined mice increases following delivery of tail shock and decreases during a tone that precedes the shock. Both phencyclidine and chlordiazepoxide reduced biting (dose dependently) following shock and had no effect on biting during the tone. These observations are discussed in reference to previous reports, which infer that the effects of phencyclidine and chlordiazepoxide on aggression might depend upon the baseline rate of the behavio

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<201::AID-AB2480110302>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe importance of accumulated chemical cues on the occurrence of the territorial prior residence effect was investigated in two experiments using adult convict cichlids (Cichlasonul nigrofasciatum). In the first experiment, pairs of fish, matched on a number of criteria, were randomly assigned to three independent treatment conditions in which (1) the territorial marker (pot or clump of plants) was removed just prior to a direct encounter in the aquarium of the resident (pair member in whose aquarium the encounter took place) with accumulated chemical cues remaining intact; (2) the marker was removed, as well as the chemical cues; or (3) the marker was present, but the chemical cues were removed. Results showed that a significant prior residence effect occurred when the marker was present, but did not occur in either condition in which the marker was removed. A second experiment, in which the marker was removed and the gravel substrate altered, also did not reveal a signficant prior residence effect. Apparently, the territorial resident recognizes his territory by using certain visual cues, with accumulated chemical cues being neither necessary nor sufficient in this process.

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<207::AID-AB2480110303>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt has been widely and regularly suggested that aggression is not a unitary concept but rather an omnibus term concealing important and distinct subclasses of behavior. Psychologists have offered various categorical schemes highlighting motivation and form as distinguishing criteria. Many writers have also noted the social relativity of dermitions of classes of aggression and called for a consideration of lay conceptions of aggressive behavior. The present paper explores the correspondence between psychologists' and laypersons' categorizations of aggressive acts. Ten short scenarios of aggression were generated to embody systematic permutations of form and motive as suggested by the published work of social psychologists. Subjects rated every pairwise combination in terms of perceived similarity. The data were subjected to three‐factor, multidimensional scaling. The resulting structure indicated that subjects' ratings were not random and reflected consideration of motive (hostile, normative, instrumental, status) and of direct versus indirect form. The data were thus in close correspondence with the classifications generated by psychologists. The desirability of refining this technique and extending it to other cultural and subcultural groups is discusse

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<217::AID-AB2480110304>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPatterns of aggression and response to aggression were studied in three groups of macaques living in semiliberty, each group representing a different species: Macaca mulatta, M fascicularis, and M tonkeana. In Macaca mulatta, intensity of aggression is high (biting is frequent) and symmetry in aggression is low: the aggressee most often flees or submits. In Macaca tonkeana, in contrast, biting is exceptional, aggression is very often bidirectional, and appeasement behaviors are frequently observed. Intermediate patterns are found in Macaca fascicularis with, in addition, especially frequent mild forms of submission. It is argued that relationships exist between intensity of aggression, symmetry in aggression, and development of behaviors controlling aggresssion. Whether balances between these variables are species‐specific is discusse

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<223::AID-AB2480110305>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen naive rats of our colony were individually housed for 1 month with free access to laboratory chow and water as drinking fluid, 6% exhibited muricidal behavior. When naive rats of the same colony were similarly housed but received ethanol 20% in water as the sole source of drinking fluid (ll.5 g ethanol/kg/day), the percentage of killer rats was the same. However, when the rats were housed in similar conditions and submitted to a 1‐day ethanol withdrawal, the percentage of muricidal rats increased to 25%.Ethanol intake in the same conditions as described above did not change muricidal behavior of spontaneous killers and did not induce killing behavior in nonkiller animals. GABA‐mimetic agents administered IP blocked ethanol withdrawal‐induced killing behavior as well as spontaneous muricidal act

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<235::AID-AB2480110306>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAggressive and sexual behaviour was studied in 5‐min paired encounters between castrated prepubertal boars (N = 14) and normal (N = 2) or bulbectomized (N = 2) oestrogen‐treated ovariectomized gilts. The boars were made sexually active by treatment with 17β‐oestradiol + 5α‐dihydrotestosterone. Half of the boars were sprayed on the snout with a solution containing a mixture of the boar pheromones 3α‐androstenol and 5α‐androstenone immediately before testing, and the remainder were treated with the vehicle solution. Aggression was almost always initiated by the gilts, and neither bulbectomy nor pheromone treatment of the boars reduced its occurrence. The results suggest that the display of aggression by gilts towards boars of similar body size is unlikely to be suppressed by the steroidal pheromones present

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<245::AID-AB2480110307>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSocial dominance rank in red grouse has a large inherited component. The relative contributions of mothers and fathers to the dominance ranks of their sons and daughters were studied by breeding a dominant and a subordinate strain and crossing them. Both parents contributed equally to the dominance ranks of both sons and daughters. Cocks from the dominant strain were more aggressive and had bigger combs than cocks from the subordinate strain. Dominant cocks and hens, however, did not weigh more than subordinates.

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<253::AID-AB2480110308>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<261::AID-AB2480110309>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<262::AID-AB2480110310>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-140X    

DOI:10.1002/1098-2337(1985)11:3<265::AID-AB2480110311>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY