摘要:

Summary.Monocyte‐mediated antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays are being increasingly employed in blood transfusion to predict the severity of haemolytic disease of the new‐born (HDN). In our hands the monocyte‐mediated ADCC assay resulted in very high spontaneous release of51Cr, making the assay unreliable. The addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to the buffer used to wash red blood cells (RBC) was found to reduce the spontaneous release to acceptable levels, improving the sensitivity of the assay. The modified assay was used to test 15 monoclonal anti‐D antibodies showing that the assay results are rep

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00060.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.This study was conducted to compare a new microtube column agglutination technology (CAT) with a previously described tube saline‐indirect antiglobulin test (SIAT) with carefully defined performance in the detection of unexpected antibodies. On testing 117 sera from fresh and frozen stock containing antibodies detectable by SIAT, CAT failed to detect two examples of weak anti‐K. All other discrepancies between the two techniques involved antibodies generally regarded as clinically insignificant. Titration studies with anti‐D (concentration approximately 10 ng/ml) and 23 other antibodies, and studies with 10 weak antibodies of various blood group systems, showed the two techniques to be of similar sensitivity. Equivocal CAT results requiring repeated testing were found in 4·1% of specimens tested. We conclude that the CAT method adequately meets our requirements in sensitivity of detection of unexpected antibodies in pre‐transfusion testing and offers opportunities for savings in technical st

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00061.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Two women with post‐transfusion purpura (PTP) are presented, one with anti‐HPA1a and the other with anti‐HPA3a antibodies. Platelet‐specific antibodies were identified using the platelet immunofluorescence test (PIFT) and the monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay. Lymphocytotoxic and red cell antibodies were also detected in both patients, the latter being responsible for a delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR). In the patient with anti‐HPA1a antibody, red cell anti‐c alloantibody was found in the serum and in the eluate from red cells; it was active in the monocyte monolayer assay (MMA). The patient with anti‐HPA3a antibody had the red cell alloantibodies anti‐D, ‐M and ‐S detected in the serum, the last being r

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00062.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.U.K. blood donors (873) were tested for anti‐HAV and 21% were found to be positive, with no obvious difference between the sexes. The positivity increased with age; 21% of donors between the ages of 30 and 50 years were positive compared with 3% of donors less than 25 years of age; in 1977, the rates were 47 and 10%, respectively. Older donors generally had lower titres of anti‐HAV which suggests that such donors were infected at an early age. Subsequent improvements in hygiene may have resulted in decreased anti‐HAV prevalence in young people. Titres of anti‐HAV were determined for the four donors who gave a history of jaundice and were seropositive: all four had high anti‐HAV levels. Plasma from donors with a history of jaundice may therefore provide a cost‐effective source for enhancing the potency of huma

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00063.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Patients undergoing therapy for haematological malignancies, who received blood products from United Kingdom (U.K.) donors who were unscreened for hepatitis C antibodies (anti‐HCV), have previously been shown to be at risk of acquiring HCV (Brink et al., 1993). Screening for anti‐HCV has recently been introduced into the U.K. and, in order to determine the efficacy of this in preventing transfusion‐acquired HCV infection, we monitored a group of patients for possible acute HCV infection for 1 year after the introduction of donor screening in the U.K. We identified no new cases of HCV infection that were acquired in the U.K. during this period, thus demonstrating the efficacy of the currently available anti‐HCV assays in preventing the majority of transfusion‐acquired HCV i

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00064.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.To assess the viral safety of the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS) intermediate purity factor VIII and IX concentrates, the liver function and viral status were assessed prospectively in 13 recipients. None developed hepatitis or seroconverted to HIV or HCV. This study provides additional evidence for the efficacy of dry heat treatment at 80°C for 72 h in preventing virus transmission by coagulation factor concentrates

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00065.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A highly purified (HP) FIX concentrate was used in 12 patients with haemophilia B in order to prevent bleeding following surgery. The HP FIX concentrate (CRTS, Lille, France) was prepared by ion‐exchange chromatograpy and was SD treated. The patients underwent orthopaedic surgery (3), neurosurgery (3) or multiple dental extraction (6). They were treated for 2–18 days and received 8500 to 102000 FIX units. The mean FIX:C recovery was 0·92 ± 0·20%/U/kg. Satisfactory haemostasis was provided in all patients. None of them experienced thrombotic manifestations. There was no change in FDP or soluble fibrin complexes. Prothrombin fragments one plus two (F1 + 2), thrombin‐antithrombin III complexes (TAT) and cross‐linked fibrin degradation products (D‐dimer) remained in the normal range in one patient treated for 2·5 days for dental surgery. In contrast, elevated levels of F1+2, TAT and D‐dimer were observed in one patient undergoing a bilateral hip arthroplasty treated for 16 consecutive days with the same lot of HP FIX concentrate as the previous patient. There was no seroconversion for HIV, HBV and HCV. These results indicate that the HP FIX concentrate provides satisfactory haemostasis in surgery while avoiding excessive thrombogenic risks. However, some clinical circumstances, such as orthopaedic surgery, are known to be associated with especially high thrombotic risks that must be taken into account in case of

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00066.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1993.tb00069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY