摘要:

Peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) were obtained from 128 apheresis harvests on 64 patients and were tested in duplicate for microbiological contamination (1) after collection and (2) after thawing, following processing and cryopreservation. In this study we have attempted to improve the monitoring of contamination in peripheral blood progenitor cell collections by identifying exogenous contamination that probably originated from the testing laboratory and is therefore not clinically significant. We found no contamination in 82% of harvests, 1.6% of harvests to be significantly contaminated and organisms were isolated from 16.4% that were assessed as clinically nonsignificant.  Our experience indicates that the choice of microbiological methods will influence the results and their clinical relevance. No samples were positive by direct culture. We recommend that sampling should be performed at more than one stage during the procedure and that initially only the post‐thaw samples be analysed. Testing should be performed by enrichment culture in duplicate only and if positive to aid interpretation the post‐collection sample should then be cultured.  No patient given nonsignificantly contaminated graft without antibiotic cover suffered infection from the identified organism. The incidence of significant contamination was low and we recommend that in these cases PBPC grafts can be infused safely provided prophylactic antibiotic cover i

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-57.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The frequency and specificity of platelet‐alloantibodies to human platelet antigens (HPA) ‐1, ‐3 and ‐5 was investigated in 59 multitransfused, HLA‐immunized patients. Using the MAIPA test (monoclonal antibody specific immobilization of platelet antigens) platelet alloantibodies could be demonstrated in 10 (17%) patients.  In one patient the antibody was present prior to any transfusions and probably induced by multiple previous pregnancies. This antibody was directed to HPA‐5b. The remaining nine antibodies were found in patients (n = 36) with HLA‐antibodies reacting with over 95% of unselected lymphocytes. In these patients the target antigens were HPA‐1b in six, HPA‐3a in one and both antigens in two patients.  Our findings demonstrate platelet alloimmunization induced by transfusions to be restricted to patients with high HLA‐immunization. 25% of these patients (9/36) show platelet‐specific

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-58.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Placental trophoblast cells were cultured on filters that allow access to medium bathing the apical and basal surfaces of cells. Purified human IgG was added to either the apical or the basal chambers and sampled at intervals of up to 100 min for determination of IgG concentration by ELISA. Using this experimental system, transport of IgG1 and IgG3 monoclonal anti‐D, affinity‐purified polyclonal anti‐D and human polyclonal IgG were shown to occur primarily in the apical to basal (i.e. maternal to fetal) direction. The overall transport of monoclonal and polyclonal anti‐D was less than 10% in 45 min, several times lower than that of IgG. There was no difference in the rate or percentage of transport between IgG1 (BRAD‐5) and IgG3 (BRAD‐3) monoclonal anti‐D. The possibility that the Fc receptor mediating transcytosis of IgG anti‐D through human trophoblast cells in culture is the placenta

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-59.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The maximum surgical blood ordering schedule (MSBOS) was developed to permit efficient use of blood stocks and reduce blood wastage due to outdating. Success of the MSBOS required full cooperation between surgeons, anaesthetists, blood bankers and house officers. However, clinical staff sometimes disregarded the system or distrusted the ability of the laboratory to provide blood in an emergency. This led to frustration and wastage of laboratory staff effort. We developed a computer crossmatch system that could overcome the shortcomings of the MSBOS. The advantages of this system are reported.

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-60.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have analysed the effect of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies of distinct IgG isotypes directed against products of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the function of Fcγ receptors types I (FcγRI) and II (FcγRII). Human anti‐D sensitized red blood cells (RBC), selectively binding to FcγRI, and bovine or murine IgG1 (bIgG1 or mIgG1) sensitized RBC, selectively binding to FcγRII, were employed as targets for the effector cell in order to distinguish the inhibition of both types. Using these targets it could be shown that human antibodies to products of the human MHC or murine monoclonal antibodies with the same specificity and mIgG2a isotype inhibited both the FcγRI‐ and the FcγRII‐mediated function. In contrast, murine monoclonal antibodies with the same specificity but of the mIgG1 isotype only inhibited the FcγRII‐mediated function. In a control experiment, human and murine antibodies to products of the MHC did not impair the FcγR‐independent phagocytosis ofSaccharomycesby monocytes and neutrophils.  The present study suggests that this mechanism involves at least two dif

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-61.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The polymorphism which determines expression of Kell and Cellano antigens on the red‐cell surface has been reported to be a single C→T nucleotide substitution at residue 701 where T codes for the presence of Kell antigen. This was confirmed by the direct automated sequencing of PCR products amplified from individuals of known Kell phenotype. The substitution creates aBsmI restriction enzyme site and this has formed the basis for the development of a PCR‐based diagnostic assay for the determination of Kell phenotype in samples of donor blood. The assay is based on RFLP analysis of coamplified PCR products, one of which spans the K/k polymorphic site, and one control fragment which contains aBsmI site. Digestion of the PCR products withBsmI restriction enzyme and subsequent gel analysis of the digest allowed unequivocal determination of the K/k status of all of the samples t

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-62.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three years ago, a 71‐year‐old female was admitted because of general lymphadenopathy. She had been on medication for hypothroidism, but had no history of pregnancy or blood transfusion. T‐cell lymphoma was found. Since then, she has been treated with intermittent chemotherapy. The patient's LWaantigen was depressed during two relapses of the lymphoma and anti‐LWawas detected simultaneously on both occasions. When she entered remission after therapy, her LW phenotype converted from LW(a−) to LW(a+), and this was accompanied by the disappearance of anti‐LWa. This suggests that LW(a−) was a transient phenotype. In the first relapse, a total of 8 units of D− LW(a+) packed red cells and 20 units of platelets were transfused during 1 month without any haemolytic reaction. In these relapses, nonhaemolytic anaemia, hyper‐gamma‐globulinaemia and remarkable bone‐marrow infiltration with lymphoplasma cells were recognized. She also possessed antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies; however, these autoantibodies did not change with the relapses. These results suggests that the recurrent depressions of LWamay be closely related to

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-63.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The MiIII (Gp.Mur) phenotype is rare among Caucasians but has a much higher incidence among some Oriental populations. In Taiwan the population is relatively heterogenous and, as expected, the incidence of the MiIII phenotype was found to vary markedly among the different ethnic groups. The highest frequencies of the MiIII phenotype were found among some of the indigenous groups, namely the Ami, Yami and Puyuma groups, being 88.4%, 34.3% and 21.2%, respectively, which are also the highest frequencies among any population group reported so far. Antibody screening cells and antibody identification panels containing the MiIII phenotype can obviously be obtained very easily from Ami blood donors and compatible blood for patients with anti‐‘Mia’ can most easily be obtained from Chinese blood donors, except those living on the east

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-64.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Increasing demands for screening tests on blood donors, which require a large number of undiluted samples, and the rising concern for the safety of the phlebotomists have led to the development of a new blood sampling system. The new device was evaluated during the collection of 60 blood units, and compared with 50 control units collected using the ‘cut and drip’ method. The time required for both blood donation and donor samples collection, blood component quality, coagulation factors activation and haemolysis were studied. In addition, reports and recommendations of Magen David Adom phlebotomists were evaluated after collecting 75 000 units using the new device. Donor sample collection with the new device was comparable and somewhat shorter than with the ‘cut and drip’ method, while the blood unit collection time remained unchanged. There were no differences in plasma haemoglobin, factor VIII and platelet yields and morphology scores in blood units and donor samples collected by the two methods. There were no reported instances of needlesticks among phlebotomists using either method. The new device was simple to operate, improved blood donor samples collection practice and enabled the collection of as many undiluted donor samples as required for routine testing. In addition, the use of vacuum tubes ensured sterility, safety and standardization of samples. The components provided were comparable in quality to those prepared from units collected by othe

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-65.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0958-7578    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-528.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY