ISSN:0017-467X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHeavy development in certain areas of the United States and the growing shortage of additional, readily available water supplies therein have forced planners and hydrologists to resort progressively to more elaborate water‐supply systems. Among the most elaborate and most expensive systems proposed to date are the various plans for. transferring water toward the south from northward flowing Arctic rivers. A considerable portion of this water would be utilized for the expansion of already heavily urbanized areas.Meanwhile, many of the densely populated areas experiencing water shortages are subjected to other, perhaps more complex problems which appear to be, at least in part, a product of their increasing size. Therefore, the expenditure of large sums to supply them with water for indefinite growth appears to merit scrutinous study.An alternative approach designed to minimize both water diversion costs and problems associated with over‐populated areas is the stimulation of development in carefully selected regions well endowed with water and other natural resources. One such area and several of its attributes are discussed her

ISSN:0017-467X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn induction‐tuned device was designed and tested under a variety of well casing conditions. It can detect casing lengths to within 0.4 to 2.0 inches for casing ranging from 2 to 14 or more inches in diameter which are made of either magnetic or nonmagnetic metals. A casing separation as small as one inch is detectable for 12‐inch diameter casing and a four inch or more separation is detectable for 4‐inch I.D. casing. These values indicate the range in sensitivity expectable when determining casing separations.Dial readings in microamps are indicated as the ptobe is raised or lowered within a well bore. Readings vary depending whether the probe is centrally located or located to one side. The maximum and minimum dial reading is established for a given casing diameter at the start of a survey. A consistent change in dial reading from previous valves indicate a casing diameter change.The sensing element is a coil whose inductance is changed by varying its proximity to any metallic conductor. A coil and capacitor in parallel make a tuned circuit resonant at 3 K.C. The device includes a transistor in a phase shift oscillator, and a second transistor which acts as a current amplifier, a 0–100 μa d. c. meter driven through a bridge rectifier, capacitors, and other elements. Twelve to 14 volts at 4 to 6 milliamperes or less than 0.1 watt is sufficient to power the device.A maximum meter reading is obtained by adjusting an oscillator to the resonant frequency of the probe. Lowering the probe into a well casing detunes the probe, changing its impedance and the meter reading.All electrical elements are standard except the probe and all materials can be purchased for about $40.00 exclusive of the reel and cable

ISSN:0017-467X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn aquifer test and analyses of water samples, showed that the anomalous water quality of a municipal well was caused by leakage from a nearby abandoned well tapping another aquifer.

ISSN:0017-467X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA gravity survey covering 250 square miles and including the Walnut Gulch watershed at Tombstone, Arizona has been conducted. The watershed is one of the experimental areas of the Southwest Watershed Research Center, Agricultural Research Service in Tucson, Arizona.The gravity survey method was selected as the geophysical method that would give a regional picture of the subsurface geology before making extensive surveys by the seismic. refraction method. Basically, the gravity survey method detects and measures variations in the earth's gravitational force. These variations are associated with changes in rock and alluvium density near the surface. Many geologic structures of interest in watershed ground‐water hydrology cause disturbances in the normal density distribution which give rise to anomalies.The geology of the watershed is typical of Basin and Range province and contains deep basin fill deposits surrounded on the east, south, and southwest by igneous intrusives, volcanics, and sedimentary rocks. Concealed border faults may have a decided effect on the hydrology of the watershed.Four base stations were established and 360 gravity stations occupied by a Worden Educator*gravimeter loaned from the Geophysics Laboratory of the University of Arizona. Bench marks and large scale topographic maps served as control. Raw field data were reduced to the simple Bouguer anomaly values through the use of a computer program.The gravity survey reveals a 16‐mgal. gravity low over the east‐central portion of the watershed. This low is interpreted as indicating that about 3200 feet of low density alluvium underlies the area at this point. Gravity highs are associated with mountain ranges and igneous plugs where the more dense rocks

ISSN:0017-467X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTElectric‐analog or digital‐computer models are used to compute the effect of ground‐water withdrawal or recharge on streamflow. The results can be generalized on a map showing lines of equal elapsed time. The lines indicate the time of recharging or discharging that is needed to affect the streamflow by a given fraction of the amount pumped or injected. The generalization is based on the similarity in shape of the relations between pumping time and stream depletion for (1) semi‐infinite homogeneous aquifers drained by a straight, fully penetrating stream, and (2) complex heterogeneous aquifers. Response curves from a model reflect the combined effect of stream sinuosity, irregular impermeable boundaries, areal variation in aquifer properties, and imperfect hydraulic connection between the stream and aquifer. The elapsed‐cime lines are identified bysdf(stream depletion factor) values. These values can be calculated from observations made on an electric‐analog model and then may be used in a digital‐computer program for determining the effects of ground‐water pumping or recharg

ISSN:0017-467X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0017-467X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY