摘要:

ABSTRACT: Dazoxiben, a thromboxane (Tx) synthesis inhibitor, was used in eight intact, mechanically ventilated, paralyzed cats to elucidate the role of Tx in the airway and vascular responses to the administration of A23187, a calcium inophore, which releases arachidonic acid. Intravenous injections of A23187 produced dose-dependent increases in transpul-monary pressure and lung resistance and dose-dependent decreases in dynamic compliance and systemic arterial pressure. Airway responses to A23187 were reduced approximately 75% to 90% by dazoxiben. These changes in response to A23187 were significant at the p<0.001 level for transpulmonary pressure and lung resistance and P<0.05 for dynamic compliance. Decreases in arterial pressure in response to A23187 were not affected by dazoxiben. Airway responses to U-46619, a Tx A2mimic, were maintained after dazoxiben blockade. Previous work in this laboratory showed blockade of responses to A23187 by SQ29,548, a thromboxane receptor antagonist, and meclofenamate, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. The blockage suggests that airway responses to A23187 are mediated in large part by Tx A2. The current study extends our previous work on the mechanism of the airway effects of A23187. This study suggests that in the intact cat, the airway effects of A23187 are largely mediated by Tx A2since they can be blocked by dazoxiben, a Tx synthesis inhibitor.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: The effects and safety limits of acute hemodilution on hepatic energy status were determined by comparison of arterial blood ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/3-hy-droxybutyrate) and hepatic energy charge levels in 70% hepatectomized rats and nonhepatectomized rats. Arterial blood was withdrawn and replaced with rat plasma in hemodiluted rats and with whole blood in sham-diluted control rats. The arterial blood ketone body ratio at 6 hours after hemodilution in hepatectomized and sham-diluted rats (0.454 ± 0.037) was lower than that of nonhepatectomized and sham-diluted rats (0.686 ± 0.044). In hepatectomized groups, it decreased to 0.403 ± 0.043 when the hematocrit value was less than 20% and to 0.286 ± 0.031 when it was less than 15%. In hepatectomized rats, hepatic energy charge at 6 hours after hemodilution was 0.809 ± 0.021 in sham-diluted controls, but decreased to less than 0.8 when the hematocrit was less than 20%. On the other hand, in nonhepatectomized rats, the energy charge was greater than 0.8 even when the hematocrit was less than 15% These results suggest that hemodilution procedure exerts more profound hypoxic effect on the remant liver than on the normal one.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: The anesthetic induction agent etomidate has been shown to suppress adrenocortical function in humans and to cause a concentration-dependent inhibition of rat adrenal mitochondrial cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes. The effect of etomidate on hepatic drug-metabolizing capacity was investigated. Etomidate caused a dose-dependent inhibition of antipyrine half-life, assessed by analysis of14CO2exhalation rates following14C-antipyrine administration. When etomidate was given as single daily doses (25 mg/kg/day for 3 days), the half-life of antipyrine increased by a mean of 65% (from 18.8 to 31.0 minutes) and overall elimi-nation rate constant for antipyrine metabolism decreased by a mean of 35% (0.037 to 0.024 min-1) after the first dose. After 3 days of etomidate treatment, the antipyrine half-life was still prolonged by a mean of 48.5% (from 18.8 to 27.8 minutes). Upon discontinuation of treatment, the antipyrine half-life returned to baseline in 24 hours and remained at baseline 1 week later. Examination of the effect of etomidate on the demethylase pathway and de-duction of the effect on the nondemethylase pathway of metabolism of antipyrine revealed the former to be inhibited by a mean of 29% and the latter to be inhibited by a mean of 43%. A second group of mice, treated with 12.8 mg/kg/day etomidate, showed a 45% increase in antipyrine half-life. Etomidate can significantly inhibit hepatic metabolic activity. This effect is dose-dependent and readily reversible upon discontinuation of the drug.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: The immunologic phenotypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes of 20 patients cured of Hodgkin's disease (Group I) and of 20 patients cured of diverse, disseminated malignancies (Group II) were compared. Eleven patients in Group I had an increase in circulating B lymphocytes, and 6 patients in Group II had a decrease in this lymphocyte subset (0.0005 < p <0.0125). The T4/T8lymphocyte ratio was less than 1.0 in eight patients in Group I and in no patients in Group II (p <0.001). These statistically significant differences between the two groups were unrelated to type or duration of therapy, and thus suggest basic biologic differences between the immune status of cured Hodgkin's disease patients and cured patients with other malignancies.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted on 45 sickle cell anemia patients from the eastern province of Saudi Arabia and their age- and sex-matched controls from the same population, to investigate the influence of the sickle cell gene on liver function tests. Total and direct bilirubin, total protein, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase showed a statistically significant increase in the sickle cell anemia patients, compared with controls. The increase, however, was lower than that reported for other ethnic groups, including the Sudanese and Jamaicans. The results are presented and discussed in the light of the mild nature of sickle cell disease encountered in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: A patient with multiple myeloma complained of dyspnea, which was found to be caused by fixed airway obstruction by a plasmacytoma located in thyroid cartilage. The obstruction improved following radiation therapy, but he developed progressive myeloma and died from disseminated fungal infection. This case demonstrates that direct involvement of respiratory tract organs should be considered in the evaluation of myeloma patients with pulmonary symptoms.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: A 30-year-old woman developed chronic arthritis of the left ankle 4 months after a penetrating injury due to a pyracantha thorn.Phialophora parasiticawas isolated from synovial tissue and fluid and later from the plant that caused the injury. She was treated with synovectomy followed by oral ketoconazole for 6 months. Fourteen months after completion of therapy, she remains well.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: Recent onset of dysphagia and severe odynophagia were the only major presenting symptoms in a 37-year-old man with a mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst. As a symptom of a mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst, dysphagia has rarely been reported; this is the first report of odynophagia.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: A 51-year-old man with a chronic maxillary sinus infection and osteomyelitis of adjacent bony structures hadAlternariaidentified as the cause of the infection by both pathologic examination and by culture. Although the fungus was shown to be susceptible to amphotericin B in vitro, clinical relapses occurred three times over an 8-year period, despite extensive surgical debridement and treatment with amphotericin B. Ultimately, cyclic courses of amphotericin B administered 2 years beyond clinical resolution of the disease were required to eradicate the fungal infection.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID