ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The ability of norepinephrine to inhibit prostaglandin E1(PGE1-stimulated accumulation of adenosine 3':5' cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in intact washed platelets was determined in 12 patients with cystic fibrosis, 6 parents of patients with cystic fibrosis, and a total of 21 healthy age-matched controls. Patients with cystic fibrosis and their parents did not differ from their age-matched controls in basal or PGE1-stimulated levels of cyclic AMP, nor in the dose dependent inhibition of cAMP accumulation by norepinephrine. Moreover, binding sites for [3H]-dihydroergocryptine were present in normal numbers and had normal ligand affinity in platelet membranes from patients with cystic fibrosis. In all measures tested, the alpha2-adrenergic system in the platelet was normal in cystic fibrosis.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Twenty asymptomatic male homosexuals living in North Carolina were evaluated looking at epidemiologic, immunologic and virologic characteristics. In ten subjects selected for inhalant nitrite use a significantly higher frequency of multiple drug abuse and a trend toward greater sexual promiscuity was found in comparison with ten nonnitrite users. None of the 20 subjects had chronic lymphadenopathy. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was not found in urine, blood or throat washings, but was found in 29% of the subjects' semen specimens—a finding that was significantly linked (P <.05) to the presence of CMV IgM antibody in serum. There were no abnormal helper lymphocytes: suppressor ? lymphocyte ratios (all > 1.3) and lymphocyte mitogen stimulations were not different from heterosexual controls in contrast to frequent abnormalities reported in male homosexuals in metropolitan areas. If these immunologic findings are reproducible, they may be important in understanding why the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome has clustered in large cities.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Pneumococcal pneumonia is an increasingly important disorder of the elderly. We reviewed, retrospectively, the clinical and laboratory manifestations of 29 elderly patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia during a five year period and surveyed the capsular serotypes of all blood isolates. Pneumococcal pneumonia frequently presented with subtle manifestations in these elderly patients: 50% lacked historical features suggestive of pneumonia at the time of diagnosis. A common presentation was fever, altered mental status and dehydration. Recognizing this will allow earlier diagnosis and initiation of therapy. Sixty percent of patients had potential pulmonary pathogens other than pneumococcus in cultures of sputum at the time of pneumococcal bacteremia. Reversible abnormalities of liver function were frequent.Sixty-nine percent of pneumonias were caused by serotypes included in the commercially available vaccine. Continued surveillance of pneumococcal serotypes is important to determine if the widespread use of the vaccine will result in an increased incidence of infection by serotypes which are not in the vaccine. The high mortality associated with pneumococcal pneumonia (31% in this series), particularly in the elderly, emphasizes the need for an effective vaccine.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Several reports state that oxygen uptake changed in direct correlation with changes in total oxygen delivery to the tissues in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Oxygen uptake appeared to be limited by oxygen delivery even at normally adequate levels so that uptake was abnormally depenent on supply. These reports are discussed with respect to whether or not such a result could have been due to errors in measurement or to mathematical coupling by relating two quantities that shared a common variable. Having rejected that proposition, animal experiments are cited in which abnormal oxygen supply dependency was produced by microembolization. The accompanying loss of reactive hyperemia and inability to extract oxygen were consistent with a progressive loss of recruitable capillaries. Evidence is presented that the potential for embolization in ARDS is greatly enhanced by activation of the complement and arachidonic acid cascades as well as by the xanthine oxidase system. The resultant use of molecular oxygen by non-ATP producing oxidase systems might also account for the increase of supply dependent oxygen demand in ARDS.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In five cases of Whipple's disease the vessels in several organs of the gastrointestinal system were carefully examined for PAS-positive bacilli. Bacilli were particularly abundant in the arteries of the small intestinal serosa and the liver, but they were also present in stomach, colon, gallbladder and mesenteric lymph nodes. The predominant site of involvement was the arterial tunica media. In addition to focal degeneration and fibrosis in the tunica media, other local reactions included arteritis and intimal proliferation. Within the tunica media and less often the endothelium the bacilli were found alone or in small clumps, but in the tunica adventitia they were usually present within macrophages. The possible significance of this Whipple's arteriopathy is considered relative to unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding, focal ischemia due to arterial narrowing, and some role in the further dissemination of bacilli being shed from the endothelium.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A previously healthy 51-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of pulmonary infiltrates of the right upper lung field with cavitation. Blood cultures were sterile. Sputum and stool cultures grewYersinia enterocolitica. The patient was treated with intravenous ampicillin and recovered. Review of the literature yeilded five previously reported sputum-positive cases of Y.enterocoliticapulmonary infections in patients with significant underlying diseases. All patients recovered.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Gestational hypoglycemia may result from either reactive hypoglycemia or complications related to the pregnancy. We report a 19-year-old pregnant patient with insulinoma who was treated successfully by distal pancreatectomy during the first trimester. A high index of suspicion was required for the diagnosis since abnormal immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and glucose (G) ratios (i/G) greater than 0.3 can be found in non-insulinoma normal pregnancy. The incidence of insulinoma complicating pregnancy is unknown, but it is important since gestational hypoglycemia can be associated with an increased perinatal mortality and morbidity similar to that of gestational hyperglycemia.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Three hundred million people, mostly tourists, participate in international travel each year. Development of an acute diarrheal syndrome abroad, while returning home, or shortly after arriving home is referred to as traveler's diarrhea (TD). TD is not a specific diagnosis but, rather, a clinical syndrome with multiple etiologies. In this article, clinical and epidemiological features of TD, specific etiologies and their pathogenesis, as well as current means of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention will be reviewed.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID