摘要:

M-mode echocardiograms were obtained on 651 healthy subjects, 7–22 years of age, whose diastolic blood pressure levels remained in the same height-, race-, and sex-specific decile during two biannual examinations. Echocardiographic measures of heart size and dynamics were compared across the total blood pressure distribution. Left ventricular stroke volume, cardiac output and ejection fraction, minor axis shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, and peripheral vascular resistance were correlated with blood pressure levels. There were positive correlations (p < .001) of cardiac output and stroke volume with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. Left ventricular output and stroke volume were associated with measures of body size, especially height, weight, ponderal index, and body surface area (p < .001). The left ventricular output and stroke volume increased with age and with systolic blood pressure quintiles in the four race-sex groups. With adjustment for systolic blood pressure and measures of body size, white males had greater cardiac output (1.25 1/minute for ages 18–22 years, p = .01) and stroke volume than black males. Black males had higher peripheral resistance (4.5 mm Hg/(1/minute), p = .01) than whites. These results suggest that different hemodynamic mechanisms operate in the early phase of hypertension in blacks vs. whites in this population.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We examined the effect of intranasal administration of deferoxamine on iron excretion in seven patients with iron overload secondary to chronic transfusion therapy. Deferoxamine was administered in doses of 0.75 to 3.0 gm given over 12 hours in a variety of dosing schedules. There was a probable, though not significant, dose response relationship between the amount of iron excreted and the dose administered. The amount of iron excreted was 10%-15% of that obtained using the same dosage of deferoxamine given by the subcutaneous route over the same time period. Hourly administration was more effective than less frequent administration. Addition of taurodeoxycholate to deferoxamine did not increase its absorption as measured by the levels of iron excretion. Side effects were few and consisted mainly of mild nasal irritation and a bad taste in the mouth. Nasal administration of deferoxamine may be a useful adjunct to iron chelation in patients receiving chronic transfusion therapy, particularly in those who are noncompliant with parenteral means of administration.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Milignant cells are known to be sensitive to increased temperature. The effects of hyperthermia (HT) on intradermally implanted S91 melanoma cells in syngeneic mice were investigated with a hand-held radiofrequency generator. The possible additive effects of topical retinoic acid (RA) in this system also were studied. Five millimeter diameter melanomas were treated with either HT alone, RA alone, or a combination of HT and RA and were then evaluated after 43 days and 59 days. Eighteen of 20 tumors treated with HT alone and all l20 melanomas treated with HT/RA were eradicated. RA alone caused complete regression in 11 of 19 treated tumors. It is concluded that radiofrequency HT is an effective treatment in intradermal murine melanoma and that the additions of RA does not significantly alter the outcome because of the extreme effectiveness of HT alone.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of exogenous (injected) serotonin on mean blood pressure and renal blood flow in male Sprague-Dawley rats were compared with the effects of enhanced endogenous serotonin, accomplished by injections of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). Responses were evaluated with and without carbidopa, which blocks peripheral conversion of 5-HTP (50–200 μg) decreased blood pressure and renal blood flow and increased renal vascular and renal blood flow and increased renal vascular resistance in dose-dependent fashion. Hypotentensive response with both agents were greater after arterial injections into the aortic arch than after intravenous injections (into the jugular vein). Carbidopa had no significant effects on responses to serotonin or 5-HTP. These results support a direct renal vasoconstrictor effect for exogenous and endogenously formed serotonin and a hypotensive effect probably arising in the central nervous system.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of fructose 1–6 diphosphate (FDP) on brain metabolism and brain function was investigated in hypoglycemic rabbits. The electroencephalogram and differences in oxygen content of arterial and cerebral venous blood were used as indicators for brain metabolic activity. Hypoglycemic coma was induced and maintained for 1 hour by insulin administration. At the onset of isoelectric EEG, six rabbits were treated with FDP and five rabbits received 0.9% saline. The animals were killed by an overdose of barbiturate 60 minutes after hypoglycemic recovery with glucose, FDP-treated rabbits had lower arterial glucose concentration after 40 minutes of treatment (p < .05) and a significantly greater differences between the oxygen content of arterial and venous blood after 40 minutes (p < .01), and after 60 minutes (p < 0.025) of FDP infusion than saline-treated rabbits. FDP-treated rabbits also has a lower cerebral glucose-oxygen index than did saline-treated rabbits (p < .005), after 20 and 40 minutes of FDP infusion). FDP administration was followed by a return of EEG activity during hypoglycemia, whereas saline produced no such effect. After glucose infusion, EEG activity was improved in FDP-treated rabbits; in saline-treated rabbits, minimal or no EEG activity was observed. he data suggest the possibility that, at the doses given in this study, FDP is taken up and used as a metabolic substrate by the brain.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

From 1979 to 1988, 82 allogeneic and 2 syngeneic bone marrow transplants (BMT) were performed in 78 patients (age range 13–49 years) with the following diagnoses: acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (21 patients); acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (15 patients); chronic myelocytic leukemia in chronic, accelerated, or blastic phase (CML-CO, AP or BC) (25 patients); multiple myeloma (MM) (1 patient); Hodgkin's disease (HD) (1 patient); diffuse poorly differentiated lymphoma (DPDL) (1 patient); aplastic anemia (AA) (13 patients). Univariant analysis were carried out to determine factors of importance in predicting outcome. AML patients receiving transplants in remission had 12/19 (63%) survivors. Only one of seven ALL patients receiving transplants in remission survives free of disease, and none of eight patients receiving transplants in relapse survived. Six ALL patients relapsed. In CML, 6 of 16 (40%) patients receiving transplants in CP survive; two of nine patients (22%) in AP or BC survive. Of the 13 aplastic anemias, 8 (62%) survive. Graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) was evaluated in 75 patients, 24 of 33 (73%) who developed GVHD died, compared to 24 of 44 (55%) who did not developed GVHD, Of the 30 patients given the combination of methotrexate (MTX) plus cyclosporine (CSP), only 23% developed GVHD, compared to 58% of those not given the combination. Interstitial pneumonia (IP) occurred in 16 patients and was fatal in 15. The introduction of daily acyclovir and weekly intravenous gamma globulin in 1985 was associated with little reduction in the frequency of IP (from 20% to 18%). However, survival increased from 21% to 47%. Younger patients had significantly better survival than older patients (<20 years, 63% alive; 20–39 years, 31% alive; > 39 years, 14% alive; p patient selection (disease status), the use of the combination of MTX/CSP and acyclovir and intravenous gamma globulin favorably affect survival in allogeneic BMT.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors analyzed data from 106 adults with chronic renal failure [(CRF), serum creatinine (Ser) > 132.6 μmol/1 (1.5 mg/dl), to define the precision of, and effect of covariables on, the relationship between anemia and CRF. We excluded dialyzed or patients who had received transplants and those with obvious potential nonrenal causes of anemia. Hct was a linear function of BUN and Scr (r = −0.48, and r= −0.67, respectively), and a curvilinear function of creatinine clearance (r =0.68), all p < .0001. Confidence interval analysis revealed a±10 volume percent variation in Hct at any level of renal function. Sex was the only covariable that affected Hct Independently of CRF. This study suggests that CRF may have a different effect on Hct in males and females and indicates 4that the range of Hct possible at a given level of CRF precludes attributing anemia to CRF with assurance.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors previously have reported on the presence of transferrin (TF) receptors on liver endothelial cells and have shown that hepatic uptake of transferrin-iron (TF-Fe) complexes in the liver is mediated by the endothelium. We now provide evidence that this endothelial cell mediation may be necessary for hepatocyte uptake of TF-Fe complexes. Transport of TF-Fe from endothelial cell to hepatocyte was studied in mixed cell suspensions in which radiolabeled TF-Fe complexes were incubated at 37°C with the two cell populations purified and them mixed in equal ratios. The mixtures wee then refranctionated at various times after incubation and cell-associated radioactivities measured. Radiolabeled TF was rapidly taken up by the endothelial cell fraction, but radioactivity began to decline in this fraction as it increased in the hepatocyte fraction. In double labeling experiments with125Idothelium in parallel fashion, indicating that Fe remains associated with TF during transcytosis. However, in hepatocytes the two radiolabels became dissociated, with Fe remaining cell-associated and TF being recycled. Hepatocyte uptake of processed TF was partially inhibitable by galactan and asialofetuin, indicating that hepatocyte uptake may occur via asialoglyprotein receptors of hepatocyte.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The transdermal route of administration for medication has many potential advantages over other routes of administration. However, the stratum corneum is an effective barrier to the absorption of most chemicals from the external environment into the body. To evaluate techniques for alteration of trnasdermal permeability, the authors studied the effect of low levels of electrical current on transport of a protein across the stratum corneum. Transeutaneous insulin absorption was used as an indicator of altered permeability. Twenty-six albino rabbits had acute diabetes mellitus induced by the intravenous administration of 125 mg/kg of alloxan. The animals then received either cutaneous patches containing received either cutaneous patches containing insulin and an electrical current of 0.4 mA (active) or patches containing an equal amount of insulin but without electrical current (passive). At 10 and 12 hours after the placement of the patches, animals with active patches had significant elevations in serum insulin levels (p < .05) and reduction in blood glucose levels (p < .01). No changes were seen in controls. Animals with active patches also had significant differences from control animals in mean insulin response and peak insulin response (p < .05). No cutaneous toxicity was observed in any of the animals. The authors conclude that low levels of electrical current can induce changes in stratum corneum permeability that are sufficient to produce the transdermal absorption of physiologic doses of a protein such as human insulin.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of ibuprofen-associated meningitis is reported in a previously healthy 26-years-old woman. The association was substantiated with a rechallenge. She had no symptoms of rheumatologic disease but had a markedly positive rheumatoid factor and a positive antibody to the intranuclear antigen SS-A.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID