ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The female athlete triad, a syndrome of disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis, is now clearly recognized in selected populations of elite athletes. It is often seen in the sports that have an emphasis on “thinness,” including gymnastics, figure skating, and ballet. Components of the triad are linked pathophysiologically, leading to significant morbidity and, on occasion, mortality. The disorder is difficult to treat and requires a multidisciplinary approach with intense psychological counseling as the primary focus of attack.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Female athletes tear their anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs) more frequently than male athletes participating in similar athletic events do. The reasons for this discrepancy are not known. Many possible causative factors, such as size, strength, anatomic, social, and hormonal differences, have been suggested. The possible involvement of normal tissue remodeling events in susceptibility to ACL injury has not been thoroughly examined. We are characterizing gender differences in matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors. Results of these studies are summarized and discussed in the context of tissue remodeling in general, with an emphasis on the cell biology of ACL repair.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Asthmatic attack in exercise-induced asthma is brought about by hyperventilation (not necessarily to exercise), cold air, and low humidity of the air breathed. The effects are an increase in airway resistance, damage to bronchial mucosa, and an increase in bronchovascular permeability. The mechanism of these changes is the release of mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, nitric oxide, sensory neuropeptides, the inhibition of neuronal activity, and bronchovascular permeability. The cause of asthma and exercise-induced asthma is unknown. It is probably an abnormality of vascular control in the peribronchium and/or an alteration in local adrenergic function. The importance of exercise-induced asthma definition and the use of stimulants in sport and antidoping in sport are discussed.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

BackgroundDigitoxin and valproic acid show strong binding to serum albumin. Thus, when present simultaneously in serum, digitoxin and valproic acid compete for binding sites. We studied digitoxin-valproic acid interaction in normal and uremic sera.MethodsFluorescence polarization immunoassays were used for measuring total digitoxin and total valproic acid concentrations. We used a modified protocol of improved sensitivity to measure free digitoxin concentrations. We supplemented 2 normal and 2 uremic pools with digitoxin and then aliquots of these pools were further supplemented with various concentrations of valproic acid. After incubation at 37°C for 2 hours in a water bath, specimens were allowed to re-equilibrate at room temperature for 20 minutes. Free digitoxin concentrations were measured. We also investigated digoxin-valproic acid interaction using 1 normal and 1 uremic serum pool.ResultsWe observed significant increases in free digitoxin concentrations in normal sera in the presence of valproic acid. In contrast, we observed a slight decline in free digitoxin concentration in the presence of valproic acid in uremic sera. We speculated that uremic sera contained inhibitors that block digitoxin-valproic acid interaction and identified indoxyl sulfate as an inhibitor. However, another uremic compound, hippuric acid showed no inhibitory effect. Interestingly, we observed no significant interaction between digoxin and valproic acid in either normal or uremic serum pool. This is probably because of poor protein binding of digoxin.ConclusionWe conclude that valproic acid significantly displaces digitoxin from protein binding sites in normal serum. However, uremic sera contain inhibitors that block digitoxin-valproic acid interaction.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID