摘要:

Insulin-like growth factor I is an important mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells, and its effects are regulated by several binding proteins. Western ligand blotting of conditioned medium from rat aortic smooth muscle cells detected a 24 kDa binding protein and a 28 kDa glycosylated variant of this protein, consistent with insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 by size. Low amounts of a glycosylated 38 to 42 kDa doublet (consistent with binding protein-3) and a 31 kDa non-glycosylated protein also were present. Basic fibroblast growth factor markedly increased secretion of the 24 kDa binding protein and its 28 kDa glycosylated variant. This effect was dose- and time-dependent and was inhibited by co-incubation with cycloheximide. Crosslinking of[125I]-insulin-like growth factor I to cell monolayers revealed no surface-associated binding proteins, either basally or after agonist treatment. Induction of binding protein production by fibroblast growth factor at sites of vascular injury may be important in vascular proliferative responses in vivo.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The identification of different mutations that cause cystic fibrosis in the people of Kansas and Oklahoma has been performed by examining 124 independent cystic fibrosis genes for the 14 most commonly mutated loci. The ΔF508 3bp deletion represented 79% of the alleles, and 7% of the remaining alleles were found to harbor the mutations of R553X, G542X, or G551D. None of the remaining 10 common mutations were identified. This pattern of results contrasts with the patterns found in major cities of the United States. The ethnic diversity in these cities is much greater than in the southern Midwest region, and the remaining mutations, therefore, may represent specific ethnic contributions absent in the Midwest population studied. These results directly affect the counseling given to the Midwest patient and impact on any strategies for screening.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Capillary closure in diabetic retinopathy may be initiated by lumenal occlusion by granulocytes. To determine whether subjects with diabetes mellitus have less deformable granulocytes than healthy subjects, granulocyte deformability was measured by mean entry time into a model capillary system in 16 diabetic-nondiabetic pairs. Granulocyte F-(filamentous) actin content between groups was compared, under basal conditions and after cellular stimulation. The relationship of granulocyte deformability to several diabetes-related variables was examined. Diabetic granulocytes were only 9% ± 22% less deformable than normal granulocytes (p = 0.16). Deformability was increased in subjects with retinopathy and those with the worst glycemic control (r = 0.61, p = 0.026); both findings were in the opposite direction from that predicted. Basal and stimulated granulocyte F-actin content did not differ between the two groups (p > 0.2 for all assays). Although granulocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, granulocyte deformability (measured by mean entry time) and F-actin content are not significantly different between healthy patients and those with diabetes.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The measurement of instantaneous left ventricular volumes throughout the cardiac cycle in a rat heart beating at rates of 300 to 600 min-1with a chamber volume of only a few tenths of a milliliter is difficult. Combining an x-ray scatter detection system with a small x-ray source collimated to scatter low energy x-rays off a working rat heart, measurements of realtime changes in ventricular volumes can be determined. The x-ray scatter signal is proportional to the volume and can be calibrated to measure the actual volume. Using this system, changes in ventricular function can readily be detected. An example of data obtained from increasing preload with a fixed afterload is shown. This technique not only distinguishes an increasing stroke volume, but also more rapid early diastolic filling and systolic ejection rates with increasing preload. This new x-ray scatter technique appears to be a promising way to measure rapidly changing left ventricular volumes and function in the working rat heart. This could significantly enhance the scientific use of the rat model.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Seven healthy men consumed a liquid formula diet either as 3 meals taken at 0, 4, and 8 hours, or as 72 equal portions taken at 10-minute intervals (sipping). Day-long mean serum amino acids were similar on both treatments. Sipping reduced the fall in serum creatinine levels by more than 50% (p < 0.01), and reduced urine creatinine output and creatinine clearance by 11% (p < 0.05). These results suggest that increased meal frequency warrants investigation as a potentially beneficial maneuver in the dietary management of chronic renal failure.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A radioimmunometric method was developed for the quantification of lactoferrin molecules natively bound to blood monocyte and lymphocyte surfaces and the estimation of the surface lactoferrin-binding capacity of these cells after their incubation with exogenous lactoferrin. Values of surface lactoferrin obtained were greatest for monocyte-rich isolates (9,168 ± 1,713 molecules/cell; n = 19). The values of monocyte surface lactoferrin for males were similar to those of premenopausal females (8,980 ± 2,378 (n = 8) and 9,427 ± 2,606 molecules/cell (n = 11), respectively), but males had slightly lower values of monocyte surface lactoferrin binding capacity than did premenopausal females (10,447 ± 2,478 molecules/cell versus 15,958 ± 3,731 molecules/cell, respectively; p > 0.05). Expressed as saturation of the monocyte surface lactoferrin binding capacity, values of 97.2% ± 22.6% for males and 76.6% ± 14.3% for females were calculated. Intermediate values of surface lactoferrin were found in B-lymphocyte-rich isolates from five patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In T-lymphocyte-rich preparations, there were low levels of native lactoferrin expression (154 ± 63 molecules of lactoferrin/cell; 3 isolates). The present technique should permit additional quantitative studies of mononuclear cell surface lactoferrin to determine the role of lactoferrin surface binding and analyses of factors that modulate this binding.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Autocrine expression of polypeptide growth factors may be important in the growth regulation of cancer cells. Different growth factor activities have been identified in a variety of tumors. This article describes a case of malignant ascites in a patient recently treated for breast cancer. The use of growth factor mRNA expression as a factor to differentiate between breast and ovarian origins of cancer cells contained in malignant ascites was examined. Expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-II, and transforming growth factor α mRNA was examined by ribonuclease protection assay. The tumor cells expressed IGF-II and transforming growth factor α, but not IGF-I mRNA. This pattern of growth factor expression is compatible with a breast cancer primary of the malignant cells contained in the ascites fluid. Therefore, IGF-I mRNA expression may be useful in distinguishing between adenocarcinomas of breast or ovarian origins.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Castleman disease, or angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, and POEMS (Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrino-pathy, Monoclonal gammopathy, and Skin changes), are associated and can lead to a clinical conundrum. The physician caring for a patient with Castleman disease should be alert to the development of multiple endocrine deficiencies, including primary hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency. Avoidance of treating hypothyroidism alone when there is concomitant subclinical adrenal insufficiency is important, to avoid precipitating an adrenal crisis. A better outcome may result from earlier recognition of the endocrinopathies of this syndrome. This article describes a patient with Castleman disease in whom the features of POEMS unfolded over the ensuing years.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Candida albicansmeningitis developed in a 55-year-old diabetic female, 1 year after catheter-associated candidemia. It was characterized by a protracted course, lack of meningeal signs, and the presence of an intradural filling defect within the caudal canal. Complete resolution of this filling defect with antifungal therapy implies that it probably represented an inflammatory mass. The development of meningitis after self-limiting candidemia and similar intradural filling defects have not been reported previously.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Glutathione is a tripeptide that contains an important thiol (sulfhydryl) group within the central cysteine amino acid. Glutathione is involved in numerous vital processes where the reducing potential of the thiol is used. Several lung disorders are believed to be characterized by an increase in alveolar oxidant burden, potentially depleting alveolar and lung glutathione. Low glutathione has been linked to abnormalities in the lung surfactant system and the interaction between glutathione and antipro-teases in the epithelial lining fluid of patients. Normal levels of intracellular glutathione may exert a critical negative control on the elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines. The increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species is believed to correlate with the activation of NF-κB, a transcription activator linked to the elaboration of several cytokines. There is now sufficient data to strongly implicate free radical injury in the genesis and maintenance of several lung disorders in humans. This information is substantial and will help the development of clinical studies examining a variety of inflammatory lung disorders.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID