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1. |
Antioxidants in Sickle Cell DiseaseThe In Vitro Effects of Ascorbic Acid |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 3-10
NEIL LACHANT,
KOUICHI TANAKA,
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摘要:
The authors examined the ability of antioxidants to prevent in vitro oxidant damage to the sickle red blood cell (RBC). One millimolar ascorbic acid and α-mercaptopropionyl-glycine significantly (p < 0.005) protected against RBC Heinz body formation during incubation with acetylphenylhydrazine, while cysteine, cysteamine, and methionine did not. The effect of ascorbic acid was concentration dependent with concentrations as low as 0.1 mM having significant antioxidant effects. Ascorbic acid protected the RBC against hydrogen peroxide induced hemolysis as well (p < 0.05). Ascorbic acid had a significant stimulatory effect on the rate of glucose oxidation by the pentose phosphate shunt (PPS), especially in the sickle RBC. Ascorbic acid did not protect the RBC from a patient with chronic hemolytic anemia due to G6PDTorrancefrom Heinz body formation, suggesting that an intact PPS is necessary for ascorbic acid to express its antioxidant properties. These data suggest that clinical trials should be undertaken to examine the efficacy of ascorbic acid in the treatment of SCD.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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2. |
Clinical Use and Time Relationship of Changes in Affinity Measurement of Glycosylated Albumin and Glycosylated Hemoglobin |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 11-14
MARC RENDELL,
ROBERT PAULSEN,
SUSAN EASTBERG,
PAUL STEPHEN,
JIMMY VALENTINE,
CAROLINE SMITH,
JULIA NIERENBERG,
KATHY RASBOLD,
DENNIS KLENK,
PAUL SMITH,
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摘要:
Simple techniques for measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin and glycosylated albumin by affinity chromatography on m-aminophenylboronic acid agarose columns have recently been developed. This study explored the time course of changes in glycoalbumin versus those of glycohemoglobin in response to rapid changes in ambient glucose concentration. One would predict that glycoalbumin levels would change more rapidly than glycohemoglobin levels due to the shorter half-life of albumin than hemoglobin. This was found to be the case in a group of rabbits rendered diabetic with alloxan. Glycoalbumin levels plateaued 4 weeks after alloxan administration, while glycohemoglobin levels were still rising. In a group of diabetic patients in whom glucose levels were initially poorly controlled, strict diet or intensive insulin management were used to rapidly bring glucose levels under control. In this group of patients, the glycoalbumin values entered the normal range and plateaued, while glycosylated hemoglobin levels were still falling. Glycoalbumin determination by affinity chromatography is a valuable adjunct to glycosylated hemoglobin determination in evaluating near term control of blood sugar values.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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3. |
The Effect of Naproxen on Acute Mountain Sickness and Vascular Responses to Hypoxia |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 15-20
RICHARD MEEHAN,
ALLEN CYMERMAN,
PAUL ROCK,
CHARLES FULCO,
JOHN HOFFMAN,
CHARLES ABERNATHY,
SAM NEEDLEMAN,
JOHN MAHER,
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摘要:
The role of prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of acute mountain sickness and two hypoxia-induced vascular responses was evaluated using the cyclooxygenase inhibitor naproxen. Eleven men spent 24 hours at sea level, followed by 34 hours of decompression to 428 mm Hg while receiving naproxen (N), 250 mg twice daily or placebo (P) in a double-blind crossover trial. Serum naproxen levels measured by high pressure liquid chromatography were not changed by hypoxia. The severity of acute mountain sickness (AMS) by the Environmental Symptom Questionnaire scores and observer assessment were unaffected by drug treatment. Retinal artery diameter measured from projected fundus photographs was increased after 27 hours at altitude (11.4 ± .5 mm) vs. sea level (9.4 ± .5 mm, p < 0.05) during both trials. Upright mean arterial pressure fell after 6 hours at altitude (79 · 3 mm Hg during N and P vs. 92 · 3 at sea level, p < 0.01). Minute ventilation, end expiratory alveolar PO2and PCO2did not differ between drug trials. This study suggests vasodilating prostaglandins do not have a major role in the genesis of AMS, hypoxia-induced retinal vasodilatation, or postural blood pressure responses in man.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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4. |
Outcome in Children with Normal Growth Following Removal of a Craniopharyngioma |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 21-24
SANDRA BLETHEN,
VIRGINIA WELDON,
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摘要:
Ten children who had normal or excessive growth rates following surgical removal of a craniopharyngioma have been followed. Final adult heights for three were more than 2.5 standard deviations below the mean adult height for sex. Nine of the 10 children showed a deceleration in growth rate that occurred 1.5–6 years following surgery. The deceleration in linear growth did not appear to correlate with changes in weight gain, somatomedin-C, or the integrated insulin response to an oral glucose load. These results suggest that the mechanisms whereby some children with growth hormone deficiency have normal growth rates following neurosurgic procedures are complex. The authors recommend that these children have continued follow-up so that growth hormone therapy may be instituted when appropriate.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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5. |
Evaluation of Serum CA125 Values in Healthy Individuals and Pregnant Women |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 25-29
YOSHIO HAGA,
KIYOSHI SAKAMOTO,
HIROSHI EGAMI,
RYUTA YOSHIMURA,
MASANOBU AKAGI,
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摘要:
CA125 is an antigenic determinant associated with human epithelial ovarian carcinoma. This study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of serum CA125 levels and the effect of smoking on these levels among healthy individuals and clarify the relation of maternal serum CA125 level and pregnancy. Among 552 healthy individuals, the distribution of serum CA125 values was demonstrated to resemble logarithmic normal distribution. Analysis of variance about age and sex revealed apparent elevation of values for women under 49 years of age in comparison with those for women over 50 years of age and men. Values for these two groups were 143 units/ml for the former and 32 units/ml for the latter, with a 99.7% confidence limit. These values exclude 99.3% of the former and 99.7% of the latter. Serum CA125 values were not affected by smoking. The measurement of serum CA125 levels in 71 pregnant women disclosed a significant elevation during the first trimester in comparison with non-pregnant women under 49 years of age. These results indicate that CA125 values must be deliberatively evaluated in young women, especially during first trimester of pregnancy.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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6. |
Clinical Significance of Serum CA125 Values in Patients with Cancers of the Digestive System |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 30-34
YOSHIO HAGA,
KIYOSHI SAKAMOTO,
HIROSHI EGAMI,
RYUTA YOSHIMURA,
KATSUTAKA MORI,
MASANOBU AKAGI,
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摘要:
A study of 347 patients with gastrointestinal diseases revealed elevation of CA125 in sera of 63% of patients with pancreatic carcinoma, 46% of patients with carcinoma of the biliary tract, 40% of patients with liver carcinoma and 11–37% of patients with other carcinomas. All of the patients with acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, cholelithiasis, and peptic ulcer had normal CA125 values, but 35% of patients with liver cirrhosis and 10% of patients with chronic active hepatitis had elevated values. Patients with disseminated carcinomas had significantly higher levels than patients with localized carcinomas. CA125 did not significantly correlate with CA19–9 or carcino-embryonic antigen in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Ninety-seven percent of patients with pancreatic carcinoma were defined as being positive when both serum CA125 and CA19–9 were evaluated. These results indicate that CA125 is useful for differentiating pancreatic carcinoma from chronic pancreatitis, especially when supplemented with CA19–9.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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7. |
Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes MellitusAn Interpretation of Current Data |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 35-39
MAYER DAVIDSON,
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摘要:
The available evidence concerning the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus suggests that although insulin antagonism is common to many patient groups (i.e., obese, older), overt NIDDM will only develop in a subset who may have a genetic susceptibility for inadequate β-cell reserves. Since the role of a receptor defect in causing type 2 diabetes is doubtful, the insulin antagonism in these patients is due to a post-receptor defect.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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8. |
Myositis Ossificans CircumscriptaA Complication of Tetanus |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 40-43
D. ASA,
TULIO BERTORINI,
ROBERT PINALS,
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摘要:
Myositis ossificans developed in a 67-year-old man recovering from tetanus. This rare complication develops in the convalescent phase of tetanus through metaplastic changes in undifferentiated connective tissue cells in areas of myocellular injury. Anoxia, hematoma formation, and immobilization may be contributing factors. Permanent loss of joint motion may be the end result of this ossifying process.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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9. |
Kaposi's Sarcoma with Bone Marrow InvolvementOccurrence in a Patient with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 44-46
BARBARA LITTLE,
JERRY SPIVAK,
THOMAS QUINN,
RISA MANN,
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摘要:
A patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the lymphadenopathic variant of Kaposi's sarcoma developed skin, gastrointestinal and pulmonary lesions. A cellular specimen was obtained on bone marrow aspiration, but the bone marrow biopsy revealed dense reticulin fibrosis with slit-like spaces and endothelial-lined channels consistent with Kaposi's sarcoma. At postmortem examination, Kaposi's sarcoma was found in the pleura and lungs, throughout the gastrointestinal tract, in the liver and spleen, and in the thoracic and abdominal lymph nodes. Bone marrow architecture appeared grossly normal, but microscopic examination revealed numerous foci of Kaposi's sarcoma. This is the first reported example of bone marrow involvement with Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS recognized antemortem.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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10. |
Refractory Esophageal Candidiasis Associated with a Low Molecular Weight Plasma Inhibitor of T‐Lymphocyte Function |
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The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
Volume 292,
Issue 1,
1986,
Page 47-52
WILLIAM LEE,
H. HOLLEY,
JANE STEWART,
GILLIAN GALBRAITH,
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摘要:
In a patient with chronic esophageal candidiasis due toC. tropicalisthat was refractory to mycostatin and ketoconazole, a generalized cell-mediated immunodeficiency state was detected. Samples of plasma from this patient inhibited T-lymphocyte function, suppressing both rosette formation and mitogen responsiveness of T-cells derived from the patient and from normal individuals. Following plasma exchange, the patient's immune defect resolved and her candida infection disappeared. On further analysis, the plasma inhibitory factor was found to be of low molecular weight (< 10,000) and heat labile. Preliminary studies suggested that this inhibitor was candida-derived, since it was removed from plasma by anti-candida antibodies in solid phase. Immunodeficiency in chronic candidiasis may be improved by removal of circulating inhibitory factors through plasma exchange.
ISSN:0002-9629
出版商:OVID
年代:1986
数据来源: OVID
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