ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies of glucose arteriovenous (AV) differences across skeletal muscle in subjects with McArdle's disease (myophosphorylase deficiency) demonstrated normal values during mild exercise even though no increase in venous lactate could be found. Thus, substrate availability appeared not to have exceeded the capacity for aerobic metabolism. In contrast, low AV differences of glucose were present with ischemic exercise. These data support the thesis that phosphorylase activity within skeletal muscle is essential to allow for adequate glycolysis with ischemic work, and that excess glucose and circulating insulin provide insufficient intracellular glucose for this purpose. We interpret the diminished membrane transport of glucose under this condition as secondary to altered cell function.These studies offer an explanation for the inability of patients with McArdle's disease to maintain sustained strenuous exercise despite the availability of adequate circulating glucose.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The oral glucose tolerance test has been repeatedly refined since 1919. During an investigation of the effects of contraceptive drugs on glucose tolerance, however, it became evident that few long-term studies are available to show the relevance of borderline test results. The sensitivity and specificity of the test are inversely related. For this reason, the criteria for a positive test must be set for specific clinical or study goals. The complexities of the test are surprising and suggest that various portions of the glucose tolerance curve may show better predictability under different circumstances. The variations induced by screening procedures, glucose load, time of day, hours since last food, and age are discussed.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thein vitrosusceptibilities of 1,456 clinical isolates to tobramycin and gentamicin were compared using the agar dilution technique. Similarly,in vitrosusceptibilities of the same isolates to tobramycin, gentamicin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, colistin, penicillin G, polymyxin B, streptomycin, kanamycin, ampicillin, cephalothin, and chloramphenicol were compared by the high content single disc diffusion technique. Tobramycin has a spectrum of antimicrobial activity which is comparable to that of gentamicin. Of particular interest are the susceptibilities of strains ofPseudomonas aeruginosato lower concentrations of tobramycin than to gentamicin, and the susceptibility of some “gentamicin-resistant‘’ strains ofP. aeruginosato tobramycin. In contrast, gentamicin is effective against more strains ofSerratia marcescensthan is tobramycin. The composition of the medium employed significantly influenced results.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Isoprinosine, a derivative of inosine, has been found to exert slight activity in tissue cultures infected with herpesvirus hominis, vaccinia, poliomyelitis (type 3), enteric cytopathogenic human orphan (echo) virus (type 11), and Eastern equine encephalitis virus. It exerts no activity in tissue cultures infected with measles, mumps, and Western equine encephalitis virus. In contrast, the drug appears to decrease morbidity and mortality in animals infected with herpesvirus and influenza virus. It was without effect on encephalo-myocarditis virus infection in mice.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The relationship between erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and changes in blood pH and serum inorganic phosphate was studied before and after 25 hemodialyses in 11 patients with chronic uremia. Despite a significant increase in mean pH from 7.33 to 7.44 after dialysis, the mean red cell 2,3-DPG decreased from 5,866 to 4,238 nmoles/ml erythrocytes. Serum inorganic phosphate decreased from a mean level of 7.2 mg/100 ml to 4.1 mg/100 ml. This study suggests that, although pH can be correlated with 2,3-DPG levels in the predialysis state, during dialysis the change in serum inorganic phosphate plays an important role in regulating 2,3-DPG concentration. The decreased red cell 2,3-DPG and increased pH after dialysis may significantly increase the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and consequently result in inadequate tissue oxygenation.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A 41-year-old white female who had nocturnal attacks of tetany with muscle cramps of upper and lower extremities is presented. Attacks occurred regardless of serum levels of calcium or magnesium but could be relieved by injections of these ions. Further studies elicited the observation that the patient retained water and electrolytes in the upright posture but had an excessive elimination of water and certain electrolytes in the recumbent position (or during partial immersion in water for four hours) with the development of tetanic type muscle cramps after approximately one to two liters of urine was excreted. Clearance studies demonstrated an increase in renal plasma flow and clearance of water without any significant change in filtration rate in the recumbent position which was associated with the development of temporary hypokalemia and hypocalcemia. Infusion of antidiuretic hormone prevented the recumbent diuresis. A combination of fluid restriction and the wearing of leotards decreased the incidence of tetany. Daily injection of long-acting antidiuretic hormone has markedly alleviated the nocturnal diuresis with tetany.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID