摘要:

ABSTRACT: Fetal pig scapular cartilage provides an ideal model to study mammalian cartilage growth in vitro. Growth plate and nongrowth plate cartilages were cultured in serum-free medium for 14 days. These cartilages visibly enlarged, and their wet weight increased over their preincubation weight (86 ± 12% for growth plate; 104 ± 16% for non-growth plate). Addition of insulin 87 nM, somatomedin C (Sm-C) 10 ng/ml, or triiodothyronine (T3) 10 nM to the medium caused an increase in growth plate cartilage weight and radiolabeled precursor incorporation of [3H]-proline and35SO4. Insulin and Sm-C also stimulated nongrowth plate cartilge growth, but T3had no effect. Since both growth-plate and nongrowth-plate cartilage grew in medium alone, the likelihood that fetal porcine scapular cartilage produced its own growth factor(s) was studied. Conditioned medium was assayed for radioimmunoassayable Sm-C. Sm-C was readily measurable in concentrated conditioned medium (575 ± 20 pg/ml). Since secretion of Sm-like peptides might play a functional role in the growth process, a monoclonal antibody to Sm-C was used to determine whether immunoneutralization of the Sm-like peptides would inhibit cartilage growth. Addition of anti-Sm-C prevented increases in wet weights of growth plate and nongrowth plate cartilages (47% and 49%, respectively below weights of cartilage in cubated in medium alone). These studies demonstrate that fetal mammalian cartilage grows and responds to hormonal stimulation in vitro and suggest that these cartilages make Sm-like peptides that may have a functional role in promoting cartilage growth.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: Exercise-induced changes in somatomedin-C concentrations were evaluated as a potential means of screening for growth hormone deficiency in short children. Unlike growth hormone, no significant changes were found in concentrations of somatomedin-C following graded strenuous exercise.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: This study examined the relationship of dietary factors (weight, caloric intake, and calcium intake), axial bone density (lumbar vertebrae 1–4), and appendicular bone density (femoral neck and greater trochanter) in 60 normal premenopausal women between the ages of 30 and 40, average age 35.0 years. The volunteers completed 3-day diet histories and had bone densities determined by dual photon absorption at the three sites. There was no correlation between bone density at the sites measured and age, caloric or calcium intake, fasting calcium/creatinine ratio, or urinary calcium. Furthermore, there was no correlation between lumbar spine and greater trochanter density, or femoral neck and greater trochanter density. However, lumbar spine and femoral neck density were correlated, p <0.01, as were weight and lumbar spine density, p <0.01. Weight did not correlate with femoral neck or greater trochanteric density. This study indicates that dietary evaluation in young women cannot be used to predict bone mass, and that there is no correlation in bone density at the two most common sites of hip fracture. The data suggest that bone densities in the lumbar spine and femoral neck of young women are significantly correlated, perhaps indicating the predominance of trabecular bone at those sites. The data also suggest a positive effect of weight-bearing upon vertebral, but not femoral, bone density.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: The sleep apnea syndrome, a condition predominantly affecting males, is associated with impotence (in 42% to 48% of the patients) and low serum testosterone. We investigated the endocrine control of testicular function in six patients with sleep apnea, impotence, and low serum testosterone levels (72–280 ng/dl; normal range 300–1000). Serum free testosterone, calculated from total testosterone and testosterone-estradiol binding globulin concentrations, was low in five of the subjects. Luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration was normal and responded normally to its releasing hormone; however, the LH bioactivity/immunoreactivity ratio (BIO/RIA) was subnormal in all the tested cases (4:4). Active spermatogenesis was found in three patients.Thus, the impotence and low concentrations of total and free testosterone of the sleep apnea syndrome represent a state of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This type of hypogonadism appears to be secondary to decreased steroidogenic activity of circulating luteinizing hormone.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: Lymphocytes have specific receptors for somatomedin-C (Sm-C) and GH. To test whethr these cells are sensitive to the growth-promoting properties of these growth factors, we studied serum (with low or normal Sm-C and GH levels) from children having various statural disorders by means of the lymphocyte proliferation assay. Peripheral lymphocytes from each subject were cultured in media containing either autologous serum (AS) or normal pooled human serum (HS). The mitogenic response (MR) was assessed by determining the amount of tritiated thymidine incorporated into cellular DNA. The MR was studied both in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated and in unstimulated lymphocytes. MR was expressed as thymidine uptake (CPM) in the presence of AS divided by CPM in the presence of HS. The MR in serum from (1) 27 control subjects was 1.01 ± 0.03 (SEM); (2) 14 children with short stature and normal serum GH-RIA and Sm-C levels was 0.98 ± 0.04; and (3) 12 children with GH deficiency showed two widely different responses. In four patients (subgroup 1), the MR was 0.05 ± 0.02 and in eight (subgroup 2) the MR was 1.11 ± 0.06. Eleven patients were studied after GH therapy (three from subgroup 1), and the MR was 1.12 ± 0.03. Neither Sm-C levels nor linear growth rate correlated well with the growth-promoting property of the serum when tested on lymphocytes. In seven additional patients with GHD, the MR when studied at varying concentrations of serum (0.1–5.0%), showed results identical to subgroup 2. Addition of purified Sm-C to cultures did not enhance the MR of serum from GHD patients prior to GH therapy. GH-dependent factors other than Sm-C may have a role in in vitro lymphocyte proliferation; in its current form, however, this bioassay is not sensitive enough to be useful in the diagnosis of children with GH deficiency.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: Previous experimental and clinical investigations have pointed out a causal relationship between estrogens and the impairment of bile secretory apparatus, resulting in lithogenic bile and cholestasis. Recent studies have also shown that S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) counteracts both estrogen-induced bile cholesterol supersaturation and intrahepatic cholestasis. The aim of this investigation was to verify whether SAMe could also reverse the abnormalities of some liver function tests that may develop in susceptible women after the intake of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives. Twelve women out of a group of 228 subjects exhibited abnormal blood values of transaminases, antithrombin III or bile acids after two cycles of a contraceptive pill containing 30 meg ethynylestradiol. These subjects volunteered to receive the same contraceptive pill plus oral SAMe (600 mg/day) for another two cycles. Due to the small number of cases who developed abnormal hepatic function tests after oral contraceptive, it was not possible to divide them into a control group who continued on the “pill” plus placebo and a treatment group in whom SAMe was given with the oral contraceptive. In all cases the administration of SAMe induced the normalization of liver function tests. If further clinical trials confirm these findings, it may be possible to propose SAMe administration to women at an increased risk of developing estrogen-related hepatotoxicity.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: The Past 15 years have witnessed several advances in knowledge about primary hyperparathyroidism. Incidence studies have revealed it to be a disease of aging. Known etiologies now include prior radiation exposure and several familial syndromes. Diagnosis has been simplified by a new generation of radio-immunoassays for parathyroid hormone. The natural history of mild hyperparathyroidism, as revealed by a single study, is one of a stable or slowly progressive disorder, with approximately half of those observed for 10 years showing sufficient progression or new complications to mandate surgery. The course of untreated hyperparathyroidism of more severe degree has not been well documented. Only two medical treatments have been shown to produce beneficial biochemical effects, namely neutral phosphate and estrogens; each is appropriate only for a narrow target group. Surgical treatment is safe and highly effective in experienced hands, and published data suggest a very low rate of recurrence after resection of parathyroid adenomas. Real time, high resolution ultrasonography is proving to be an effective tool for preoperative evaluation of the location and number of abnormal parathyroids.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: A 6-year-old girl developed transient diabetes mellitus while receiving L-asparaginase, prednisone, vincristine, 6-mercaptopurine, and methotrexate as chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia that went into remission after 3 years of therapy. The patient subsequently developed autoimmune thyroid disease with hypothyroidism. Islet-cell antiboides were detected 1 year after anti-leukemic chemotherapy was stopped and 5 years before she developed overt insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). It is suggested that the immunosuppressive drugs received during anti-leukemic therapy may have delayed the apparance of IDDM and thyroid autoimmunity in a genetically susceptible patient.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: Patients with diabetes mellitus may have gastrointestinal complications of gastroparesis diabeticorum, bacterial overgrowth and/or diabetic diarrhea. Patients with diabetic diarrhea thought to be secondary to diabetic neuropathy usually have ten to 30 stools/day, with large volumes of more than 200 g/day, but weight loss is distinctly unusual. Gastroporesis diabeticorum may have weight loss associated with its gastric dilation and retention of food if vomiting is present. A woman with both gastroporesis diabeticorum, diabetic diarrhea, and, in addition, possible bacterial overgrowth who had a marked weight loss of 52 pounds without any vomiting is described. This patient, who had a normal fecal fat excretion and negative stools for bacteria, ova, and parasites, did respond to tetracycline each time her diarrhea reappeared after several diarrhea-free months in a 3-year follow-up. Metoclopramide did not help this patient and may have contributed to worsening her diarrhea. Thus, even if bacterial overgrowth cannot be documented by quantitative bacterial cultures of intestinal contents, a trial of antibiotics appears reasonable when other causes of diarrhea have been ruled out in diabetics. This treatment allowed the patient to regain weight she had lost.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACT: A malnourished alcoholic man with severe hypophosphatemia developed ataxia, severe proprioceptive deficit, and quadriparesis that worsend during refeeding. Evoked response and EMG studies demonstrated the central location of the rapidly reversible conduction block. This syndrome can mimic a number of entities including the Landry-Guillain-barre (LGB) syndrome, acute brainstem disease, and certain deficiency states. The neurologic features of hypophosphatemia are reviewed.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID