ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although several phenothiazines are known to stimulate prolactin (PRL) secretion, only chlorpromazine is in general use for this purpose in humans. However, chlorpromazine has severe sedative and hypotensive effects. Therefore, the effects of perphenazine on human PRL release and on blood pressure were evaluated. Perphenazine was administered orally (8mg) and intramuscularly (5mg and 2mg) to determine the optimal route and dose for evaluating PRL release. The postural hypotensive effect of perphenazine was evaluated with the 2mg intramuscular (IM) dose. The mean time of peak PRL response (hr ± SD) was significantly shorter (p<0.05) for the 5mg IM (1.7 ± 0.4) than the oral (4.5 ± 0.6) rout. Also, the mean ratio of peak/baseline PRL was significantly greater for the 5mg IM (8.87 ± 5.69) than the oral (5.12 ± 2.90) route. The major side-effect produced by perphenazine was drowsiness, which was moderate to severe with the 5mg IM dose. A lower IM dose (2 mg) retained PRL releasing activity, reduced drowsiness, and did not produce hypotension. For clinical testing, intramuscular perphenazine is preferred over oral perphenazine because of the shorter latency period and the higher PRL levels. Intramuscular perphenazine (2mg) is preferred to chlorpromazine since it did not produce a clinically significant hypotensive effect. This is the first report on the dynamic responses of PRL and blood pressure to intramuscular perphenazine in humans.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To determine whether hypercapneic ventilatory response (HCVR) is affected by repeated testing, the HCVR of 22 healthy subjects was determined daily for 4 consecutive days. The slope (S) of the HCVR increased to a maximum on Day 3, which was 14% greater than S on Day 1 (p<0.05). The increase in airway occlusion pressure during progressive hypercapnea (ΔP0.1/ΔPCO2) showed no significant change, indicating that although S and ΔP0.1/ΔPCO2are both good measurements of ventilatory response, they are not totally interchangeable in normal subjects. A subgroup of 12 subjects (termed “increasers”) was responsible for the overall increase in S. For this subgroup, S was significantly smaller on Day 1 than on each subsequent day. Increasers also had a significantly greater value of S on each day of the study than subjects who did not increase (“decreasers”). On Day 1, increasers' S was 3.77 ± 1.31 L min-1, while decreasers'S was 2.46 ± 1.00 (p < 0.001). Some normal subjects demonstrate a learning effect during repeated daily testing of HCVR by the rebreathing technique, and those subjects whose S increases are those with large initial values of S.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured in 54 neonates with intracranial hemorrhage and compared with 82 control, 27 traumatic lumbar puncture, seven meningitis, and 30 asphyxiated newborns. Hospital data, neonatal outcomes, and long-term neurodevelopmental follow-up results were reviewed. CSF LDH was not significantly affected by traumatic lumbar puncture but was elevated in proportion to the severity of CNS hemorrhage as scored by computerized to mography. LDH was also significantly associated with subsequent seizures and hydrocephalus and abnormal long-term developmental outcome.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Typhoid fever was associated with pancytopenia in five patients. Bone marrow examinations revealed histiocytic hyperplasia with marked phagocytosis of platelets, leukocytes, and red blood cells in these individuals. This phagocytosis may contribute to the pancytopenia that occurs in some patients with typhoid fever. The striking degree of the histiocytic hemophagocytosis is reminiscent of the malignant disease, histiocytic medullary reticulosis. The importance of careful exclusion of infectious etiologies in illnesses involving marrow histiocytic proliferation is emphasized.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The linearity that has frequently been observed when the reciprocal of the serum creatinine is plotted against time of follow-up has been used to predict the future course of patients with renal disease. In the present study, we have analyzed recipreocal creatinine plots with a computer program that identifies breakpoints in a linear plot and calculates the statistical significance of the fit provided by two intersecting lines instead of a single straight line. When program revealed breakpoints that were not temporally related breakpoints that were not temporally related to recognized major clinical events. The computer program may prove useful for evaluating the validity of data derived from clinicial trials trials of therapies of moderate the course of declining kidney function.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Squamous cell tumors of the head and neck make up 5% of tumors diagnosed in this country. The combination of excessive to bacco and alcohol use is the most common causative factor for these tumors. Their natural history is charcaterized by a tendency for early local-regional recurrence and the late appearance of distant metastases. A significant proportion of patients with advanced (stage III or IV) disease, which has a poor prognosis when treated with surgery and radiotherapy. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy with surgery and radiotherapy in previously untreated patients with this disease. The use of chemotherapy in patients with recurrent head and neck tumors results in response in approximately one third of patients. The majority of these responses are partial and shortlived, but those patients achieving a complete remission appear to have a significant prolongation of surval. The combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with advanced disease is being tested in a number of trials. It is hoped that this combination will increase the response rate and result in prolonged survival.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A patient with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosis cholangitis confirmed by liver biopsy and endoscropic retrograde cholangiography presented with severely altered liver function tests. A month of steroid treatment for the colitis symptoms had no effect on the liver function tests and colchicine, 1 mg/day, was added. After 3 months of this combined treatment, improvement of the liver function tests was noted and progressed to complete normalization of all liver fuction tests at the end of a 2-year period of follow-up. On further follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic and with normal liver function tests for an additional 3 years. Further controlled studies would be worthwhile to evaluate the possibility of treatment of primary sclerosis cholangitis with colchicine with or without steroids.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A patient with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia developedstaphylococus epidermidisbacteremia and candidemia after mainternance chemotherapy and was treated satisfactorily. He returned 3 months later with abdominal pain due to an abdominal aortic aneurysm. At laparotomy, the aneurysm was found to be infected withCandida albicans. Following surgery, repeated positive blood cultures forC. albicansled to removal of his Hickman catheter. Culture of the catheter tip yieldedC. albicansandS. epidermidis. Study of the catheter by scanning and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated yeast-like cells and gram-positive cocci in a biofilm. These studies suggest that the Hickman catheter was the source of the persistent candidemia and that it may have been the origin of the infection of the aneurysm.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two patients with surgically implanted right atrial silastic catheters for home hyperalimentation developed central vein septic thrombophlebitis. Initial treatment including remoal of the cathether and antibiotic therapy was unsuccessful and both patients had persistent fever and bacteremia. A clinicl and microbiologic response occurred when anticoagulation therapy with heparin was added to the treatment regimen. Although a surgical approach has been emphasized in patients with peripheral vein suppurative thrombophlebitis, anticoagulation therapy may be a useful alternative in the treatment of patients with central vein infection.

ISSN:0002-9629    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID