摘要:

Abstract.The haemodynamic effects of oxytocin (Syntocinon®) and methyl ergometrin (Methergin®) were studied in 9 healthy females in the first trimester of pregnancy. The patients were anaesthetized with sodium thiomebumal, pethidine and pancuronium bromide and ventilated on a Manley respirator. 10 i.u. oxytocin given as an i.v. bolus brought about a fall in femoral arterial pressure of 40%, systemic resistance 59% and pulmonary resistance 44% 30 sec after injection. However, the heart rate increased 31% and stroke volume 17%, so that the cardiac output increased by 54%. The pulmonary arterial pressure and wedge pressure were increased by 33% and 35%, respectively 150 sec after injection. No changes were seen in the haemodynamic parameters during infusion of 80 mU oxytocin for 10 min. 0.2 mg Methergin brought about an increase in the femoral arterial pressure of 11 %, pulmonary arterial pressure 27% and wedge pressure 31%, with no changes in the other measured parameters. The use of oxytocic drugs in patients with compromised circulation is discusse

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155884

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Determination of platelet life span could provide useful information on platelet kinetics in pregnant women. The usual procedure involves injection of51Cr labeled platelets into the maternal circulation. Data on possible transfer of51Cr platelets and51Cr ions across the placenta are necessary to estimate the radiation dose delivered to the fetus. Since such data cannot be obtained in man the pregnant rhesus monkey was chosen as an experimental model. In an acute animal study51Cr labeled maternal platelets with an activity of approximately 20μ Ci were injected into the fetal (2 animals) or the maternal (3 animals) circulation, and samples of fetal and maternal blood, and of amniotic fluid were obtained during 2 to 3 hours. In 2 additional experiments labeled platelets were injected into the maternal circulation and samples as mentioned above were obtained after 5 days. No maternofetal or fetomaternal transfer of51Cr tagged platelets across the hemochorial placenta could be demonstrated, whereas free51Chromium ions appear to cross the placenta. The radiation dose received by a 300 g fetus was estimated to be 23 mrem, based on the finding that the sum of total circulating radioactivity in the fetus and radioactivity in the amniotic fluid was always less than 1 % of the amount of radioactivity injected into the mother. Accepting the analogy between the placentation of rhesus monkey and man it can be estimated that this procedure would result in a radiation dose of approximately 7 mrem for a 1700 g fetus. This would seem to be sufficiently low to allow determination of platelet survival by means of the51Cr platelet technique in third‐trimester human pregnan

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155885

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155886

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Plasma levels of non‐conjugated oestrone1were measured with a radio‐immunological method in women with complicated pregnancies during the last trimester. A comparison was performed between values of normal pregnancies from a previous report (3) and those of pathological pregnancies. Women with severe pre‐eclampsia were found to have low values and to some extent the oestrone level could predict fetal outcome. In pregnant patients with long‐standing diabetes mellitus the plasma levels of oestrone seemed to be higher than those of uncomplicated pregnancy. In women with pregnancies complicated by Rh‐isoimmunization, oestrone plasma levels were similar to those found in normal pr

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155887

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Maternal and foetal plasma collected at normal delivery and at elective caesarean section was assayed for sex steroid levels. Foetal cord plasma concentrations of progesterone, 17‐hydroxyprogesterone, oestrone and oestriol were higher than maternal values at normal delivery, whereas oestradiol levels were lower. Oestrone concentrations were higher than oestradiol in the foetal circulation at normal delivery and oestrone values were higher following normal delivery than at elective caesarean sectio

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155888

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Electrical potential difference across the midterm human placenta was recorded during hysterotomy. The average value registered was 2.7 mV (S.E. of mean=0.4 mV, n=7), fetus negative. From this value and the concentrations of Na, K, Ca, CI and inorganic phosphate in maternal and fetal plasma the possible mechanisms of net transport from mother to fetus are inferred. It is concluded that of the above ions only the transport of Na is compatible with simple diffusion.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155889

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During the 6‐year period 1970–1975 5 cases of late intrauterine death caused by group B streptococcal infection were seen in two obstetrical departments in the Stockholm area. During the same period 17638 infants were born in the two departments, and in 117 cases intrauterine death occurred. Hematogenous spread of the infection from the mother was the most likely cause in the 5 cases. This figure should be compared with a carrier rate of 15–20% in pregnant women in the Stockholm

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155890

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A survey of the causes of maternal death in Sweden during the years 1955–74 is presented. 296 cases, where autopsy has been performed in 94%, have been reviewed. 219 have been classified as obstetrical deaths and 77 as non‐obstetrical. During the period an almost uniform lowering of the maternal death rate occurred. The explanation is a probable improvement in the quality of the medical care given in the hospitals and the antenatal clin

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155891

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The blood loss occurring during therapeutic abortion performed under local and general anaesthesia and the postoperative bleeding was measured in 60 healthy women in the first trimester of pregnancy. The patients were 20‐30 years old (mean age 24.3 years), all being nulliparae. They were divided into three equal groups according to the duration of pregnancy. In each group, 10 patients underwent abortion under general anaesthesia, and the remaining 10 under local anaesthesia. In all cases, cervical dilatation by the Hegar method and vacuum aspiration were used, and all operations were performed by the same surgeon. General anaesthesia was induced with atropine and thiopental and maintained with inhalation of a 2:1 mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen and small doses of thiopental and pethidine. Local anaesthesia consisted in paracervical blockade produced by injection of 1 % lidocaine‐adrenaline. The blood loss (Table I) was smallest in the 7th and 8th weeks of pregnancy under both local and general anaesthesia and increased with the gestational age. In all three groups, the blood loss during operation under general anaesthesia was nearly twice as large as under local anaesthesia. There was no difference in the postoperative bleeding under local and general anaesthesia. It is concluded that local anaesthesia has several advantages. Paracervical blockade provides a rapid and reliable anaesthesia which is adequate for most patients. The costs, delays and complications of general anaesthesia are avoided. Local anaesthesia is well suited for out‐patients, and the blood loss is reduced to a mi

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155892

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Using standardized laparoscopy technique, fluid was aspirated from the pouch of Douglas, from the Fallopian tubes and from ovarian cysts in 85 cases with clinical diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The concentration of doxycycline in the aspirates was measured after oral ingestion of 200 mg of doxycycline (Vibramycin®). A therapeutic level was achieved in the tubes and in ovarian cysts within a few hours, and on continuation of the treatment these values followed the plasma concentration closely, still being within the therapeutic range 24 hours after the final dose. The clinical effect was excellent, 94% (60/64) of the cases with verified PID being cured by doxycycline

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347809155893

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY