ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013427

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013428

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We measured plasma Cu, Zn and Mg levels in 40 women suffering from premenstrual tension syndrome (PMTS) and in 20 control subjects by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Mean plasma Cu. Zn and Mg levels, the Zn/Cu ratio were 80.2±6.00 μg/dl, 112.6 ±8.35 μg/dl, 0.70±0.18mmol/1, and 1.40± 0.10 in the PMTS group; and 77.0±4.50 μg/dl. 117.4 ±9.50 μg/dl. 0.87±0.10 mmol/l, and 1.51 ±0.05 in the control group respectively. The mean Mg level and the Zn/Cu ratio were significantly lower in PMTS patients than in the control group. Plasma Mg and Zn levels were diminished significantly during the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase in PMTS group. Mg deficiency may play a role in the etiol

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013429

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is sometimes difficult to diagnose. This report proposes the use of alpha‐feto‐protein (AFP) values in vaginal secretions for diagnostic tests. Our investigation took place in two separate phases. The first phase validated the AFP test using an immuno‐enzymatic assay method and determined a threshold value from a sample of 167 female patients (Group 1: 133 patients with an extremely low probability of PROM, and Croup 2: 54 patients with confirmed PROM). In the second phase the test was applied to a sample of 145 female patients (Group 3) with suspected, but unconfirmed, PROM. Results from alpha‐feto‐protein (AFP) evaluation were compared with data obtained from clinical. echographic and other tests. The positive/negative threshold adopted was an AFP concentration of 30 μg/l. For the two first groups, 1 and 2, sensitivity and specificity was in the 98%) to 99% confidence level. For Group 3, sensitivity and specificity results at the 30 μg/1 threshold value were 94.5′% and 95.4%) respectively. Quantitative measurement of AFP determined by imniuno‐enzymatic assay of vaginal secretions with a threshold of 30μgil is a reliable, simple and rapid diagnostic test. Results obtained are significantly better than the measurement of pH. the determination of prolactin, and more practical than diamino‐ox

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013430

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Objective.To examine whether there is a relationship between the urogenital microbial colonization and threatening preterm delivery.Study design.The microflora in the urine and endocervix was studied in 43 women with preterm labor. 45 women with preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) and 80 normal pregnant women at 26‐34 weeks of gestation. Amniotic fluid was examined in 20 of the patients with preterm labor. Data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test (two‐tailed).Results.The microflora in the urine was not significantly different in patients with preterm labor. PPROM and normal pregnant women. Compared with normal pregnant women, patients with preterm labor had significantly lower prevalences of corynebacteria (p<0.05) and coagulase‐negative staphylococci (p<0.01) in the cervix, while patients with PPROM had significantly lower prevalences of lactobacilli (p,<0.05) and coagulase‐negative staphylococci (p<0.05) in the cervix. Positive amniotic fluid cultures were detected in three of the 20 patients with preterm labor who underwent transabdominal amniocentesis. Evidence of ending colonization was found in two of these cases.Conclusions.The microbial colonization of the urine was not associated with threatening preterm delivery. Reduced prevalences of lactobacilli. corynebacteria and coagulase‐negative staphylococci in the cervix were associated with threatening preterm

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013431

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

BackgroundEclampsia remains a serious complication of pregnancy and childbirth and factors related to morbidity require continued evaluation.Design.Retrospective case‐control study on the incidence and outcome of eclampsia.Setting.A defined total island population over 20 years.Method.All centrally collected birth registration returns in Iceland for the years 1972‐1991 were reviewed to identify women with the diagnosis of eclampsia, selecting women delivering immediately before and after the eclamptic case as controls. Information from all places where women had delivered was obtained to ensure that no case was missed. Maternity records were reviewed to verify the diagnosis and obtain maternal and neonatal data.Results.Forty women had eclampsia (0.046′%1 of deliveries). The incidence diminished between the decades 1972‐81 and 1982‐91 (p<0.05). as did the incidence of eclamptic convulsions before delivery. Eclamptic women were more often primiparous. younger and delivered earlier than controls. Preterm delivery and a low ponderal index were more common among offspring of the eclamptic mothers and the male/female ratio was lower.ConclusionThe incidence of eclampsia in the population is falling. Common features related to the condition were confirmed. Severe maternal illness is rare. but the babies often appear growth‐retarded and are delive

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013432

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Objective.Does a warm tub bath relieve labor pain? How is it experienced by the parturient?Methods.Design: prospective randomised trial.Setting:Labor ward of a teaching hospital with a uniform active labor management.Participants:one hundred and ten nulliparous low risk women, at term, in true spontaneous labor. Fifty‐four women had a bath. 56 women served as controls. Mean outcome measures: labor pain (assessed by means of a visual analogue scale) and post partum patients' bathing experience (by means of a self‐made questionnaire).Results.The study group and the control group were comparable with respect to maternal age. weight, length, duration of gestation. cervical status and labor pain sensation before randomisation. Absolute values of labor pain were not statistically different between the two groups. yet this latter progressed differently: in the bathing group the initial pain sensation (V.A.S.) was 6.8. and this remained stable during the first 25 minutes (V.A.S. = 6.7) and then rose to 8.2 after a mean of 53 minutes. In the control group, labor pain rose progressively from 6.3 to 7.3 after 25 min and to 8.7 after a mean of 52 min (p<0.O1, Studentt‐test). There was no difference in the use of epidural analgesia. There were no differences in labor duration nor in the frequencies of either operative deliveries or neonatal complications. Eighty percent of the bathers experienced soothing of the pain and all but one reported body relaxation. Ninety percent wanted to bathe again during a next labor.Conclusion.Bathing provided no objective pain relief. It had, however, a temporal pain stabilizing effect possibly mediated through the improved ability to relax in between contractions. No side effects were found. It gives great satisfaction to users. Bathing, in conjunction with other forms of analgesia, is recomm

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013433

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Up until the early seventies fear of uterine rupture led to the widespread practice of ‘once a section, always a section’. Nowadays, there is a consistent trend toward vaginal birth after a prior cesarean delivery, making early detection of uterine scar dehiscence at delivery important. However. the need for routine transcervical revision of the uterine scar following vaginal deliver) is controversial in the medical literature. The present study reviewed 467 women who underwent vaginal delivery following a previous cesarean section. In 414 patients the scar Was examined transcervically, and not one case of dehiscence of the scar was detected. The patients included four with twin pregnancies, and four with breech presentations (two underwent external cephalic version). Intrauterine pressure was monitored in 17 cases; Prostaglandin E2, vaginal tablets were used in 46 patients. and in 14 cases labor was augmented by Pitocin. Our results suggest that routine revision of a uterine scar at the time of a subsequent vaginal delivery is usually unnecess

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013434

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Objective.Although Norplant implantable contraceptives were introduced first in Finland, their use has been infrequent. The objective of this study was to investigate what kind of women use Norplant in Finland, who suggested its use. and from what source women get their information on Norplant.Methods.A questionnaire was mailed to all women having had Norplant inserted one to two years before the study initiation (June 1992) in seven family‐planning clinics in the Helsinki city area (n = 262). After one reminder, the response rate was 82%.Results.Most of the users were 25–34 years old, and many of them had had a previous abortion. Half of the women were still considering a (subsequent) child. All the women had used some birth control method before Norplant and reported several problems with it. Women reported that they themselves had chosen Norplant. but physicians and nursing staff in the family‐planning clinic were their most important information sources. Most women considered that they had received sufficient information before insertion regarding both the good and bad aspects of the method.Conclusion.Women with previous abortions are a special users' group for Norplant. even though most users are in no way exceptional

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013435

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea and infertility were treated with pulsatile GnRH S.C. without monitoring with estradiol and ultrasonography. Ovulation rate per patient was 93%. Ovulation rate per cycle was 90%. Pregnancy rate per ovulatory cycle 30%8. Miscarriage rate 18.5%. 23 children were born including one set of twins. No serious side effects were recorded.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349409013436

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY