摘要:

Abstract.Radioimmunoassay of sex steroids and prostaglandins was performed on plasma obtained from 10 uncomplicated primigravid subjects at a stated time of the day at varying stages of gestation. Prostaglandin E2(PGE2), prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α), oestrone and oestriol concentrations reached a peak a few weeks before term and then declined. Progesterone, 17‐hydroxyprogesterone and oestradiol increased during pregnancy particularly after 32 weeks. In two normal patients repeated blood samples were taken throughout the day at weekly intervals in late pregnancy for sex steroid assays to evaluate the variation of concentrations with the time of sampling and the significance of changes in mean concentrations of different steroids with approaching parturition. Marked variability was found in the levels of different steroids during the day. Plasma oestriol values were lowest at 8.00 a.m. in one patient sampled frequently. A marked decrease in oestriol, oestrone, oestradiol and 17‐hydroxyprogesterone was found in one patient prior to the onset of spontaneous labour. In another subject there was no decrease in concentrations of oestrogens or progestogens prior to induction of labour at

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155010

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Alkaline phosphatase was brought into solution from microsomal fractions of placentas of varying gestational age by using gradually increasing concentrations of proteinase papain. When the activity of the soluble alkaline phosphatase (S) was compared with that of the non‐soluble residue (R), theS/Rratio rose as pregnancy progressed. The electrophoretic pattern showed that in serum from pregnant women the papain‐soluble alkaline phosphatase corresponded to the heat‐stable one. These results indicate that the cytoplasmic membrane of the trophoblast changes with the growth of the placenta so that this enzyme is easily dissolved by papain. It is probable that alkaline phosphatase molecules easily enter the maternal blood stream in late preg

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155011

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Hyperthyroidism during pregnancy may be dangerous to the infant. The major risks are prematurity and neonatal thyrotoxicosis. The latter may be due to placental transfer of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins from mother to fetus. Of two siblings of a previously thyrotoxic mother the first had marked symptoms of neonatal thyrotoxicosis after a pregnancy where no antithyroid treatment was given. The second child had only minimal thyrotoxic symptoms but almost as high levels of thyroid hormones as the first. During the second pregnancy propylthiouracil was given to the mother from 26 weeks' gestation, because of increased fetal movements and fetal tachycardia. Fetal movements and fetal heart rate were considered to be most valuable indicators of thyroid function in the fetus. Intense control is necessary from the beginning of the second trimester.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155012

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Fifty‐six patients, chosen by random sampling from a total group of 120 post‐term women, received dex‐amethasone (Decadron®, “MSD”) 2 mg 3 times a day for 4 days, the other 64 patients acting as controls.The evolution of uterine activity was evaluated using pelvic score (PS) and a modified low dosage oxytocin sensitivity test (OST) before (T1) and after (T2) the treatment.During the interval from the second to the 6th day inclusive after T135 women of the dexamethasone group and 15 of the control group had a spontaneous onset of labour (SO) (0.001

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155013

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The responses of plasma insulin and the C‐peptide of proinsulin, glucose, lactate, free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol, D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate and alanine to a β2‐adrenergic agonist (salbutamol) were determined in 5 patients during the last trimester of pregnancy before labor. Salbutamol was given as an infusion in the same dosage as is used to inhibit uterine contractions in cases of premature labor and in obstetric emergencies. The infusion of salbutamol was given for 45 min, accompanied by repeated sampling of arterial blood. All patients developed moderate tachycardia and exhibited metabolic effects following salbutamol infusion, implying marked increases in plasma levels of insulin, C‐peptide, glucose and lactate. An increased rate of lipolysis was evident from the rises of FFA, glycerol and D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate. Plasma levels of alanine declined, possibly due to stimulation of glu‐coneogenesis. It is unlikely that these acute maternal metabolic changes would have significant adverse ef

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155014

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155015

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Placental scintigraphy with 113mIn (Indium) combined with cervical marking with a shielded57Co (Cobalt) radioactive source was used to study uterine and placental growth in human pregnancy and placental location and migration in a total of 176 patients. Uterine length measurements can be used for selecting growth retarded fetuses. There was an approximately constant ratio between placental diameter and uterine length (0.68±0.03). When the placenta was located on the ventral uterine wall, low implantation occurred in 61%. The corresponding figure for low implantation when the placenta was located on the dorsal uterine wall was 30%. The difference was highly significant. Placental migration was studied in 20 patients. Significant migration occurred in 11 cases. The placental margin closest to the internal cervical os migrated outwards about 3 cm on average

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155016

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Blood samples from pregnant women and from mothers before and after delivery were tested for the occurrence of feto‐maternal bleeding (f.m.b.) using Kleihauers acid‐elution technique and a counting technique described by Schneider. It was assumed that f.m.b. had occurred, when there was a clinically significant difference between the values of hb‐F cells per million cells in two blood samples. F.m.b. had occurred in nearly 2/3 of the mothers after pregnancy and delivery. The f.m.b.'s were most often less than 0.1 ml and only a few per cent had f.m.b.'s between 0.1 and 1 ml. Abortion, complicated pregnancies, amniocentesis, pre‐eclampsia, caesarean section and other kinds of complicated deliveries increased the risk of especially larger f

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155017

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Functional fetal maturity was assessed in 72 patients by measuring in amniotic fluid the lecithin/sphin‐gomyelin ratio and the differential cell count. The correlation between these two tests is presented. Only one fetus with a lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio of 2 or more developed the respiratory distress syndrome after delivery: that was the child of a diabetic mother. The technical limitations of the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio meant that it could not be measured in 12% of samples obtaine

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155018

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Serum HCG and HPL levels were determined in 154 samples derived from 39 twin and one triplet pregnancies. Compared with singleton gestations, these levels were respectively 2.5 and 1.5 times higher throughout gestation. Analysis of these data in terms of predictive accuracy for the existence of a twin indicates that neither assay can serve for screening purposes though simultaneous determination of HCG and HPL may provide a fair index of suspicion.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709155019

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY