摘要:

Abstract.Over a period of two years, 7137 localisations of placenta were performed. In 67 patients on the first examination it was found that the lower margin of placenta reached the internal os of the uterus. All these patients were followed up by examinations every two or four weeks. In 63 of the 67 patients, placental migration was found involving a change in the level of the lower placental edge from the cervix towards the fundus. The change in this position varied from 3 to 9 cm. All four cases where the placenta extended from anterior to posterior wall ended as placenta praevia. Ultrasonic proof of placental migration shows the necessity for ultrasonic examination shortly before the birth, as only then is the final diagnosis of placenta praevia possible.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162113

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162114

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Serial recordings of uterine contractility during different phases of the menstrual cycle were carried out in five dysmenorrheic women, and in two subjects during the acute stage of severe dysmenorrheic pain.The sensitivity and reactivity of the uterus to intrauterine administration of small doses of PGF2αand PGE2were studied. A relative insensitivity of the uterus was found in the proliferative phase and around ovulation. The uterus was highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of PGF2αin the secretory phase and at menstruation but probably not more sensitive than in normal women. The corresponding results with PGE2were rather variable in that small doses did not induce any response or slight stimulation whereas high doses occasionally caused an inhibition in the secretory phase and during menstruation.The results indicate that PGF2αmay be a significant factor in eliciting uterine hypercontractility and dysmenorrheic pain. Whether the occasional inhibitory effect of PGE2is of any significant importance in the pathogenesis of dysmenorrhea cannot be stat

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162115

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The activities and contents of microsomal mono‐electron carriers (N ADPH‐cytochromecreductase, NADH‐cytochromeb5reductase, cytochrome P‐450 and cytochromeb5) in the liver of 160 pregnant rabbits and their response to phenobarbital (PB) administration were found to be different to that of non pregnant animals and to vary depending on the period of gestation. In fetal liver and in placenta the activities and contents of mixed function oxidase system enzymes are very low and increase from the mid‐gestation up to the term of pregnancy. PB has either no effect or decreases the enzyme levels. The variations of enzyme content and activity in maternal liver and the different response to PB are related to the hormonal modifications of pregnancy. The behaviour of mono‐electron carriers in fetal liver can be related to the process of maturation of this organ. The effect of PB can be due to the interference of the drug with steroid metabolism. The behaviour of mixed function oxidase system enzymes in placenta can be related to the processes of maturation and ageing o

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162116

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a material of 144 samples of amniotic fluid from the last trimester, creatinine concentration, lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and their correlation, have been examined. Amniotic fluid creatinine concentration (a.f.c.) increased gradually through the last trimester up to 39 weeks (273–279 days p.m.) with median values of 2 mg/100 ml at 37 weeks and 2.5 mg/100 ml at 39 weeks gestation. The great range makes a.f.c. of doubtful value in assessment of gestional age in individual samples. The correlation between a.f.c. and L/S ratio was highly significant (Kendall's T=0.56). Even so lung maturity cannot be predicted from a.f.c. A low L/S ratio with a.f.c. ≥2 mg/100 ml was found in 8–9%, while a.f.c. 1.1–1.9 mg/100 ml was combined with L/S ratios ≥2 in a great number of cases. A.f.c.<1.1 mg/100 ml was invariably correlated with low L

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162117

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During routine ante‐natal testing during the period 1953–73 anti‐c was found in the serum of 63 women. Twenty‐four of them had received blood transfusion previously and of these 22 were multigravidae. In 39 women pregnancies alone were responsible for the immunization. The anti‐c titres of the 42 women giving birth to c positive babies showed that the probability of developing haemolytic disease increases with higher titres. But low titres by no means exclude the existence of such disease. Among the 42 c positive babies 32 had a positive direct antiglobulin test. Some of the affected infants had a serious degree of haemolyti

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162118

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Forty infants delivered by vacuum extraction have been studied in the neonatal period—neurological examination, neonatal CSF‐examinations, skull X‐ray examination, transillumination and sonoencephalography—and at 14 months of age—developmental and behavioural evaluation, neurological examination, skull X‐ray examination, sonoencephalography and electroencephalography. Two infants died in the neonatal period but in both cases a life‐threatening situation for the fetus required immediate delivery. CSF cytological signs of haemorrhage were observed in 42% of the 26 infants who had a successful lumbar tap, compared to 10% found in normal deliveries. The result of the neonatal neurological study did not differ from that in a control group. The result of the skull X‐ray examination and sonoencephalography were also within normal limits. In the follow‐up study behavioural problems were found in 25%, but otherwise very few abnormalities were found. The deviations found do not for the present indicate any later signs of brain lesions. It is concluded that this prospective study has shown that VE‐delivery in fullterm babies seem to imply no risk of serious cerebral sequelae. Further follow‐up studies at a later age in order to evaluate the incidence of so‐called minimal brain damage in VE‐delive

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162119

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Catheters were placed into assorted arteries and veins of 8 anaesthetized pregnant monkeys and their fetuses. Oxygen‐sensitive electrodes were also inserted subcutaneously into 3 of the 8 fetuses. Periodic samples of maternal and fetal blood were analyzed for PO2, PCO2and pH. Oxygen administration to the mothers reliably increased the PO2of blood taken from the fetal carotid artery and less constantly augmented the PO2of blood withdrawn from the femoral artery and vein. During 5–6 hours of study the oxygen tension of fetal blood samples of all animals progressively declined. However, the most marked declines in PO2values at all fetal sites were regularly observed at those times as—or after—the mothers emerged from anaesthesia. At these times also the magnitudes of the increases in fetal blood PO2brought about by administering oxygen to the mothers diminished markedly and in parallel at all sample sites. The closely similar magnitudes of these various reductions at all fetal sample sites indicate that the basic mechanisms leading to decreased oxygen delivery lie outside the fetuses and are most likely due to decreased maternal blood flow to the uterus because of increased maternal sympathetic stimulation. These reductions in oxygen delivery to the fetus are all regularly reversed by reanaesthetizing the mothers. The studies carried out with oxygen‐sensitive electrodes demonstrate that administering oxygen to the mothers regularly increases oxygen tension of fetal tissues but after a 50

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162120

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162121

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The relationship between stilbestrol treatment and placebo treatment was studied in 2 groups of non‐nursing patients. Plasma prolactin levels were evaluated in these 2 groups on day 1, 3 and 7 of the treatment, by a radioimmunoassay technique with the double antibody method using Serono hPRL kit. Our results show that prolactin values increased significantly in the stilbestrol‐group and decreased in the placebo group. It seems that the main reason for “the drying up of milk” is the lack of stimulation of the nipples, which after a relatively constant time of 5–10 days will lead to decreased prolactin levels. Stilbestrol treatment is not effective in “drying up” the milk more rapidly in patients who do not want to nurse. When patients have symptoms a combination of analgesia and breast support usually brings relief within 2

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016347709162122

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY