ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028679

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028680

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have analysed the duration of pregnancy for singleton births in Sweden during 1976–80 by means of data from the Swedish Birth Registry. Information, which was obtained from special forms with standard questions, include date of first day of last menstrual period (LMP) and whether that date was considered reliable or not. Recording was done prospectively, starting at the first antenatal visit. In 10% of cases the dates were labelled uncertain. Information on LMP and birth dates, parity, age of mother, sex of child, and/or mode of delivery was missing in 5.5% of the singleton cases, leaving 427,581 singleton births for analysis. In cases of reliable menstrual dates, the average duration from LMP to vaginal birth was 282 days (median), 281 days (mean) and 283 days (mode), remaining constant over the years of study. One standard deviation of the mean was approximately 13 days, varying slightly with age and parity. Ten per cent of these women gave birth post term (past 294 days). The duration of cesarean section births became shorter over the years, in spite of little change in cesarean section frequency (9.5% in 1976–7 and 10.9% in 1979–80). Mothers aged 35 and over tended to give birth 2 days earlier than those below 35. Second and subsequent children of mothers below 35 had slightly shorter gestations than firstborns. Boys were born earlier than girls, on average. When LMP was unreliable, the distribution of gestational lengths was wide. We also noted a seasonal rhythmicity in average duration of pregnancy, with consistent shortening in the month of Dec

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028681

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The venous muscle pump function was quantitatively assessed through pregnancy weeks 16, 30, 38 and 3 months (week 53) following delivery, in 24 pregnant women who completed a normal pregnancy. A statistically significant increase was found in the mean venous reflux (P<0 01), which was restored to initial values postpartum. Expelled calf volume remained stable throughout pregnancy but increased following delivery. Venous outflow from the legs was significantly reduced in the third trimester. Subjective symptoms of venous insufficiency increased trough pregnancy, but, these symptoms had virtually disappeared post partum, corresponding to the muscle pump normalization. No statistical correlation was found between venous muscle pump values and changes in hormone concentrations of estradiol, estriol and progesterone. It is suggested that venous insufficiency development in pregnancy is caused primarily by mechanical obstruction, or hormonal influence other than that of etradiol, estriol or progesterone.17% (4.7–37%) of the women with a normal pregnancy developed a pathological venous muscle pump functio

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028682

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was measured in amniotic fluid and maternal urine from women undergoing amniocentesis for genetic studies (1 5‐weeks' gestation,n= 36) and lung maturational studies (35–39 weeks' gestation, = 20). Amniotic fluid EGF concentrations (mean ± SD) were higher near term (87 ± 71 pM) than mid‐gestation (35 ± 8 pM)(p<0.0001 1. Urinary EGF concentrations were higher near mid‐gestation (53.9± 30.8 μg EGF/g creatinine) than near term (33.4f 14.1 μg EGWg creatinine)(p<0.006). There was no correlation between individual amniotic fluid and urinary EGF concentrations. The amniotic fluid EGF concentrations correlated with gestational age. However, there was no relationship between EGF concentrations and pulmonary maturity studies or placental weight from the pregnancies studied near term. We conclude that the concentration of EGF in amniotic fluid increases towards term. The lack of correlation between amniotic fluid and maternal urinary EGF concentrations suggests that there probably is a different source of EGF in the two compartments and that EGF does not cross the placenta to any

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028683

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of terbutaline on maternal circulation and fetal heart activity were studied in 15 healthy pregnant women admitted for external cephalic version. The two‐step infusion of terbutaline (5–10 μg/min) resulted in increases in maternal heart rate(p<0.001 1, cardiac output(p<0.001), systolic arterial pressure(p<0.001) and pulse pressure(p<0.001 1, while diastolic arterial pressure(p<0.001) and total peripheral vascular resistance(p<0.001) were reduced. Mean arterial pressure was unchanged after the infusion. Fetal heart activity assessed by cardiotocography showed a gradual increase in baseline fetal heart rate(p<0.01) and an increased percentage acceleration time(p<0.05). Fetal movements also increased during the infusion(p<0.05). The terbutaline infusion had a positive inotropic effect and produced decreased systemic vascular resistance in the pregnant woman, and placental transfer of the drug resulted in increased fetal heart activity. The potential influence of the drug‐induced changes in maternal hemodynamics on utero‐placental perfusion require further inves

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028684

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Acceleration of fetal maturation with intra‐amniotic administration of thyroxine was employed in eight patients in whom preterm delivery was necessary because of malignant disease of the mother. Thyroxine (200 mcg to 500 mcg) was given at weekly intervals starting at the 27th to 32nd week of gestation until the L‐S ratio exceeded 2.0. The fetuses were delivered between the 29.4 and 34.0 week. None of the newborns suffered from respiratory distress syndrome, and three newborns were cared for in the regular nursery.Thyroxine‐induced acceleration of fetal maturation and pre‐term delivery permits earlier initiation of antineoplastic and radiation therapy without exposing the fetus to the hazards of maternal therapy and those of prem

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028685

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Within 24 hours after abortion, 62 patients with a mean gestational age of 19 weeks, who had either induced(n= 50) or spontaneous(n= 12) abortions were randomly allocated to three groups: Group 1, bromocriptine 2.5 mg twice daily for 2 weeks; Group 2, placebo tablets 1 tablet twice daily for 2 weeks; Group 3, o treatment. Fifty‐two patients completed the study (bromocriptinen= 18, placebon= 18 and no treatmentn= 16). Placebo had no apparent influence on breast symptoms. In both the placebo group and the untreated group, breast pain and milk secretion peaked on days 3 to 7, and milk secretion often continued for 3 weeks. Only 3/34 (9%) of untreated and placebo treated patients were free of breast symptoms. Compared with placebo, bromocriptine caused a significant reduction in the objective assessment score of breast tenderness(p<0.05) and milk secretion(p<0.011, in serum prolactin (PRL)(p<0.001) and in the subjective assessment score of breast pain(p<0.01) and milk secretion(p<0.01). Alleviation of breast pain and prevention of milk secretion appears to be indicated after second‐trimester abortion, and treatment with bromocriptine is efficaci

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028686

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Forty‐nine patients aged ≤ 45 years, with cervical carcinoma stage iB≤ 3 cm) were treated with either primary radical surgery(n= 26). or intracavitary irradiation followed by radical surgery(n= 23). With primary surgery, ovarian function had been preserved in 15 of the 25 patients, who were alive and well. Seven of the primary surgery patients were irradiated postoperatively and 2 others with a central recurrence were cured by irradiation. One other patient, who was not irradiated postoperatively, had an intestinal metastasis and died of the disease. If any of the adverse prognostic factors (as reported in the literature) had been considered as an indication for postoperative irradiation, 17 patients instead of 7 would have been irradiated after primary radical surgery. In the comparable group of 23 patients treated by intracavitary irradiation and radical surgery (and in cases postoperative irradiation as well) there was no recurrence. There was no significant statistical difference between the treatment results in the ce

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028687

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels in peripheral venous blood were measured in 45 postmenopausal (more than 5 years after menopause) women with ovarian neoplasms. The E1and P4concentrations in ovarian venous blood were also measured in 26 of these 45 patients. The steroid levels were compared with the values in 10 postmenopausal women without ovarian tumors. In peripheral venous blood, relatively high E, concentrations were found in 24 of the 45 (53%) postmenopausal patients with ovarian tumors, and relatively high P4concentrations were noted 15 of 45 (33%) of the patients. In ovarian venous blood, relatively hgih values of E2were found in 18 of 26 (69%) of the postmenopausal patients, and relatively high values of P4were noted in 11 of these 26 (42%). No differences in the E, and P4levels in peripheral and ovarian venous blood were noted between the patients with benign tumors and those with malignant tumors.These results suggest that some of the epithelial ovarian tumors in postmenopausal women have steroid‐producing activit

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028688

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY