摘要:

Total serum lactic acid dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and the levels of LDH isoenzymes were investigated in 14 women during early pregnancy (8–16th week), in 28 women during late pregnancy (29–37th week), in 73 at term (38–42nd week) and in 27 during labor (38–42nd week). LDH activity was found to be elevated in severe pre‐eclampsia and in chronic hypertensive women during pregnancy, as well as during normal and dysfunctional labor. No change was established in total serum LDH during normal pregnancy.LDH 1 was increased during late pregnancy and at term. In severe pre‐eclampsia and during normal labor it was decreased. LDH 2 was also decreased in severe pre‐eclampsia and during dysfunctional labor. LDH 3 was decreased during late pregnancy but increased in severe pre‐eclampsia. No change was observed in LDH 4 during pregnancy, or in labor. LDH 5 was increased in normal and dysf

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154622

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of induction of labor on the neonatal bilirubin levels was investigated in a prospective randomized study. Forty‐three infants born after elective induction with oxytocin using the Cardiff infusion system and 38 infants born after spontaneous delivery were studied. Several factors other than oxytocin administration which could influence the bilirubin levels such as gestational age, placental transfusion and feeding routines did not differ between the two groups. There were no differences with regard to pH in umbilical vein, Apgar scores, haemoglobin and erythrocyte volume fractions or bilirubin levels neonatally. Thus there was no evidence of an association between induction of labor with oxytocin and jaundice during the neonatal perio

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154623

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Total hand blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography in 14 healthy primigravid women. Consecutive measurements were made from the 15th week of pregnancy until term and after delivery. During pregnancy the mean hand blood flow, measured under standard resting conditions with the subjects supine, increased progressively from 7.7 in early pregnancy to 28.9 ml/100 ml/min at term. Simultaneously the peripheral vascular resistance decreased from 19.3 to 3.3 PRU100. When examined at 6–16 weeks after delivery hand blood flow and peripheral resistance were not yet returned to norma

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154624

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirteen pregnant women were treated with 4 mg dexamethasone intramuscularly, three times daily, for seven days during the last trimester of pregnancy, in order to prevent the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in the neonate. Determination of human placental lactogen (HPL) was made daily during the treatment and at intervals of 2–3 days afterwards. No changes in HPL were seen during the treatment. One week after the treatment had been stopped, a statistically significant decrease in HPL was observed (p<0.01). The levels returned to normal during the following week. It is presumed, that the observed decrease in HPL may be regarded as a result of a direct depression of placental function caused by the dexamethasone therapy.The implications of this finding for the fetus are not clear, but in cases of placental insufficiency, glucocorticoid treatment should not be employe

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154625

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fetal systolic time intervals (FSTI) were recorded every 10th second (s) during uterine contractions in 25 parturients in the first stage of labor before and after paracervical block (PCB). Twentytwo patients had good or excellent relief of pain. The newborn infants were not depressed.After PCB the duration of the R – R and S1– S2intervals increased. A close correlation was found between the R – R and S1– S2intervals, both before and after PCB, and during early decelerations recorded before and after PCB. The S1– S2interval was prolonged after PCB, even after correction for the heart rate.The R – S1interval and the amplitude of the first part of the first heart sound (S1a) also increased after PCB.The FSTI showed a conspicuous cyclic variation during uterine contraction. The S1aamplitude decreased after the peak of contraction, the others increased simultaneously.The results contradict the assertion that PCB causes fetal hypoxia or reduction of the maternal placental circulation.A centralization of the fetal circulation, possibly combined with a direct effect of local anesthetic on the fetal heart, would explain the changes found after PCB.The cyclic variation of the parameters during uterine contraction is probably caused by a transfer of blood between the placenta and fetus. The changes of myometrial dynamics after PCB, as shown by the alteration of the phases of the amniotic pressure curve, are compatible with this transf

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154626

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Phonocardiography, abdominal electrocardiography and ultrasound cardiography are the three methods for external fetal cardiography. In the present study the methods have been compared regarding the quality of the graphs. The patients (163) were between the 34th and the 40th week of gestation. Graphs with less than 15 per cent failure or artifacts were found in 23.4 per cent for phonocardiography, 55.2 per cent for abdominal electrocardiography and 85.9 per cent for ultrasound cardiography. It could be shown that the number of successful abdominal electrocardiograms was higher with advancing gestational age. The quality of the phonocardiograms was influenced adversely by an anterior placenta. No obvious influence of a thick abdominal wall on external cardiography could be demonstrated.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154627

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abruptio placentae is known to have a bad prognosis for the fetus. Pathologic proteolysis, e.g. a pathologic activation of the coagulation mechanism and/or the fibrinolytic system is known to be a common complication in such cases. Analysis of the coagulation factors and components of the fibrinolytic system in the acute stage of 14 cases confirmed the earlier finding of mainly an activation of the fibrinolytic system, which argues for the use of a specific fibrinolytic inhibitor. 73 consecutive cases of abruptio placentae were treated with tranexamic acid in the acute stage, 67 of the patients were immediately delivered by cesarean section. The remaining six patients were in early gestational age and were treated for a prolonged period. The perinatal mortality of the entire group was only 8 per cent and the maternal mortality nil. None of the cases were complicated by hemorrhagic diathesis or thromboses. We believe that routine immediate treatment with tranexamic acid can reduce the perinatal mortality in cases of abruptio placentae.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154628

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using the registration of all pregnant women living within a particular geographical district of Copenhagen the risk of spontaneous abortion has been calculated by means of a decremental method. A total of 3 042 pregnancies were registered and the total risk of spontaneous abortion was calculated at 10 per cent. In 431 women the previous pregnancy had been terminated by a legally induced abortion. Increased risk of spontaneous abortion could not be demonstrated in this group, where the cumulative risk of spontaneous abortion was 12 per cent. In particular, the risk of late abortion was not seen to increase.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154629

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Of 17 patients with longstanding (3–15 years, mean 7.7 years) amenorrhea and hyperprolactinemia, 8 developed their amenorrhea after the use of oral contraceptives (Group I) and 9 became amenorrhoic spontaneously (Group II). There were no differences between the groups with respect ot the basal serum levels of FSH, LH, low polar estrogens (estradiol‐17β + estrone) and prolactin. Tomography revealed pituitary adenoma in four patients. One of these developed symptoms of her tumor during pregnancy; the symptoms disappeared after delivery. The other patients with tumors are checked twice a year and have not yet received any treatment. The patients with no detectable tumors were treated with bromocriptine starting with 1.25 × 3 daily. The peripheral serum levels of prolactin, FSH, LH, low polar estrogens and progesterone were determined once a week and if the prolactin levels remained high, the bromocriptine dose was increased. All these patients started to menstruate as soon as prolactin returned to normal levels (below 25 μmg/l). All patients who wished to became pregnant,i. e.6 patients. Three were delivered by cesarean section, one had a normal delivery and two are still pregnant.There was no difference between Group I and Group II in the dose required or in the duration of treatment before menstruation started. Three cases of galactorrhea were

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154630

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is evident that the pain experience varies qualitatively as well as in intensity. A number of methods to assess both the intensity and quality of pain have been reported. This paper presents the results of a card sort method of pain assessment in the measurement of gynecological pain, which provides a score from 1 to 4 for 10 pain qualities. Factor analysis has identified 3 main clusters or pain dimensions: sensations, reaction and a tiring/duration dimension.Comparative data is presented on 5 main pain types using this method: dysmenorrhea, IUD related pain, IUD insertion pain, postoperative pain and post‐partum pain. A total of 232 patients were assessed. The results permit comparisons between pain types for both intensity as well as quality. This distinction may have implications for pain management. Thus although dysmenorrhea and IUD related pain were similar in terms of sensations, dysmenorrhea was rated significantly higher in terms of the reaction component. Similarly, both IUD insertion pain and post‐partum pain received high reaction scores. The implications of such a score profile are discussed. Thus, these scores may result from the unexpected nature of the pain sensations rather than their high intensity. In which case inclusion of psychological preparation may have been of benefit. Similarly with pelvic pain of unknown organic origin, substantial relief may be provided by focussing on the reaction component, where this is elevated, and removing the worry surrounding the sensati

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009154631

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY