摘要:

The etiology of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) has been investigated in 30 consecutive cases and 30 matched controls. The significance of several possible factors predisposing to this condition is discussed and the obstetric and pediatric outcome reviewed. Significantly increased frequencies of previous genital operations, cervical operations and lacerations were found in the PROM group, which also contained significantly more heavy smokers. The relation between the length of the PROM delivery time interval and the risks of prematurity and infection are discussed. Patients delivered>24 hours after PROM had significantly more puerperal infections than those with a latent period of>24 hours. Maternal fever was found to be an unreliable prognostic indicator. The incidence of puerperal infection amounted to 27 per cent in the PROM group. A 12 per cent incidence of proven neonatal septicaemia contributed to a high perinatal mortality rate (17.6 per cent).

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155416

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155417

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The value of some central clinical and ultrasonic findings at the time of threatened abortion was examined in 525 patients in the 6th—20th weeks. The outcome of the pregnancy was delivery in 45 per cent of all the cases. A duration of the first bleeding of 3 days or more predicted abortion significantly more often than did a shorter bleeding episode. A positive detection of fetal life signs by ultrasound signified a successful outcome for the pregnancy in 87 per cent of the patients. The anamnestic duration of pregnancy often seemed to deviate from the real weeks, requiring correction by ultrasonic methods. Forty‐eight per cent of the cases with various pathologic forms of early pregnancy were evacuated on the basis of ultrasonic findings without waiting for the unavoidable spontaneous abortion. The later course of the pregnancies with a successful outcome revealed an 8 per cent frequency of premature deliveries, signifying careful observation of the patients in this respect. The relatively high frequency of perinatal mortality (3.4 per cent) seemed to be associated with the prematur

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155418

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Progressive changes in the ST‐T period of the fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) were studied in 18 lamb fetuses, acutely exteriorized and subjected to graded hypoxia. The aim of the study was to compare the bipolar precordial lead (CR‐lead) with the unipolar scalp lead, and to correlate the alterations in the FECG to blood‐gas and acid‐base status. The scalp lead gave less information regarding fetal condition and was more difficult to interpret than the precordial lead. This might be one factor in the controversy regarding the significance of alterations in the FECG during asphyxia and labor, since the scalp lead is used mainly in clinical situations. Our previous results demonstrating progressive changes in the ST‐T period of the FECG during hypoxia in experimental animals and showing the same ECG changes in newborn human infants immediately after birth, were registered with the bipolar precordial lead. It is possible that a bipolar scalp lead might give more information regarding the fetal condition than the unipolar scalp lead mainly used in clinical

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155419

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Radioimmunoassay has been used to quantitate the conjugates of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid in venous blood from women in different stages of normal pregnancy and in patients with recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (RCP). The levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid were shown to be within normal limits throughout uncomplicated pregnancy, and elevated in RCP. Because of RIAs simplicity and reliability, it is suggested that this method can be used to detect and follow the course of RCP and to assess the possible influence of treatment, e.g. diet.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155420

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The oxytocinase activity in the blood serum, umbilical blood and homogenates from the placenta and umbilical cord was determined in 34 women in labor subjected to continuous lumbar epidural analgesia with 0.125 per cent bupivacaine and 1:800 000 epinephrine. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis and compared with a group of 30 patients in spontaneous labor without any drugs. Significantly higher oxytocinase activity was found in the women subjected to epidural analgesia. The increased oxytocinase activity was found to correlate with the duration of the first stage of labor. It is assumed that the increase in the oxytocinase activity in the course of continuous epidural analgesia is associated with diminished uterine contractions and is related to the effect of the particular anesthetic agent.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155421

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During a period of 4 years, 1974–77, in Uppsala county; Sweden, 203 women underwent surgery for ectopic pregnancy with histological proof of the diagnosis. For the female population of fertile age this corresponds to 0.11 ectopics per 100 women 15–44 years of age, or 1.08 per 100 notified pregnancies, or 1.53 per 100 births. Fifty‐five of the women with ectopic pregnancy were using an intrauterine device (IUD) (48 a copper‐bearing IUD and 7 some other type of device), and 6 women used a low dose progestogen contraceptive. For users of copper‐bearing IUDs the risk of an ectopic pregnancy was estimated to be 0.15 per 100 women years. When comparing this latter risk rate with the overall incidence rate of 0.11, it must be observed that the populations forming the denominator in these two rates differ with respect to some crucial characteristics. Nulliparity and predisposing factors were found statistically significantly more often in non‐IUD‐users with an ectopic pregnancy than in IUD‐users. Such predisposing factors may be less prevalent in IUD‐users, as in other populations. This may explain why ectopic pregnancy has been found to occur less frequently than theoretically expected among IUD‐users. The “ectopic preventing” capacity of the IUD may therefore be considerably lower than has

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155422

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two hundred and eight patients treated surgically for endometriosis were reviewed one to four years later. The incidence of endometriosis in this survey was 17 per cent of all gynecological laparotomies. After operation, 30 per cent of the patients were symptomless, 60 per cent estimated the alleviation as good or moderate, and only 10 per cent had no benefit from the operation. In the 32 cases where infertility was the main indication for operation and other factors affecting fertility were excluded, 20 pregnancies of 19 women were achieved after operation.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155423

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The influence of pubococcygeal repair on the urethral pressure profile as well as the cure rate, technical operative results and side‐effects have been studied in 16 severely stress‐incontinent patients. The patients were followed during the first postoperative year in order to detect the possible long‐term effects of devascularization, denervation and scarring on the urethral tone. Examination, using simultaneous urethrocystometry with recording of the urethral pressure profile at rest was undertaken preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively and one year postoperatively. Urethral functional length was not affected by the surgery. Urethral closure pressure was slightly reduced 3 months postoperatively and did not recover completely within the first postoperative year. Such a reduction in urethral pressure probably reflects damage to the urethral tissue due to devascularization and denervation. Its main clinical importance concerns cases of severe stress incontinence with a very low initial closure pressure in the urethra. Here, vaginal surgery may jeopardize the success of an otherwise technically irreproachably performed operation. On the whole, pubococcygeal repair is effective in achieving continence, although the side‐effects call for careful selection of p

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155424

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of a combination treatment with vincristine sulphate and cyclophosphamide to endometrioid ovarian carcinoma grown in nude mice hosts was studied by histopathological, ultrastructural and biochemical methods.The first course of treatment had little or no effect. After the second and third courses, however, the growth of the tumors was suppressed as evidenced by increased necrosis and decreased weight of tumors. The total volume of the mitochondria decreased but there was no change in the nucleo‐cytoplasmic ratio and other ultrastructural features. In the DNA and RNA contents a decreasing trend was found.No complete remission was observed during the treatment. However, in two treated animals, kept for a longer observation period, the tumors regressed completely and no new tumor growths were found. In the control animals, the tumors grew progressively and the histology was identical to that in the patient. However, the frequency of mitoses was slightly higher in the transplanted tumor than in the primary tumo

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348009155425

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY