摘要:

Concentrations of receptors for estrogen (ER), progestin (PR) and androgen (AR) were measured in the cytoplasm and nucleus of human endometrium, throughout the normal menstrual cycle. Endometrial cellular ER and PR levels gradually increased during the preovulatory and immediate postovulatory phases, remained constant at the maximal level during the mid‐secretory phase and gradually decreased to the lowest level at the end of the cycle. There was a difference between ER and PR nuclear levels in the mid‐secretory endometrium, where maximum levels of PR and low levels of ER were noted. This PR abundance indicates the necessity of progesterone action for implantation. During the menstrual cycle, AR sites did not change noticeably and far fewer were found than those of the other receptors. This finding indicates that androgen plays a less important role in female reproduct

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155169

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a randomized trial concerning 123 women with CIN, 59 were treated with laser conization under colposcope without further hemostatic remedy and 64 with cold knife conization guided by Schiller's iodine dyeing supported by side sutures, vaginal packing and postoperative oral administration of tranexam acid. Follow‐up with colposcopy and cytology was done 3 and 12 weeks post‐conization and then every 6 months. The average follow‐up period was 36 months (28–48). Peroperative bleeding was rather less pronounced in the laser group. Postoperatively, however, bleeding requiring treatment was significantly less common in the laser group (5%) than in the cold knife group (17%).The recurrence rate of CIN was 7% in the laser group and 10% in the knife group. Stenosis of the cervical canal developed in 7% of the patients in the laser group and in 3.5% in the knife group. After 12 weeks the squamocolumnar junction was visible in its full extent in 66% of the laser treated patients compared with 38% of the cold knife treated patients. It is concluded that laser conization is a safe procedure even without hemostatic procedures other than the coagulation abilities of the laser beam itself, as used in th

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155170

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eleven of 15 serum lactoferrin (S‐LF) values and all 16 C‐reactive protein (CRP) values were significantly elevated in cases of premature rupture of the amniotic membranes (PROM). There was no correlation between values of C‐reactive protein and lactoferrin in either mothers or their newborn. The difference in C‐reactive protein between mothers and their newborn was significant, but this was not the case with serum lactoferrin. This suggest that there is no transplacental transfer of C‐reactive protein, even in preterm rupture of the membranes, and this is probably also the case with la

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155171

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The concentrations of FSH, LH, 17‐β‐estradiol (E2), estrone (E1) and progesterone (P) were measured in peripheral and ovarian vein sera obtained at preoperative pelvic angiography from 5 postmenopausal women with malignant ovarian tumors. In 5 others the concentrations of E2, P and testosterone (T) were also measured in ascitic fluid collected at laparotomy.The investigation showed that most of these patients had increased concentrations of E2and/or E1and P as well in the peripheral blood. Significant gradients between the ovarian and peripheral vein concentrations were found for E2and for P. High levels of E2, P and T were found in the ascitic fluid.FSH and LH levels were often lowered in peripheral blood compared with normal menopausal values and a gradient to ovarian tumor venous blood – with lower concentrations in the blood coming from the tumors, was found.Endometrial histology showed signs of steroid stimulation. These cases indicate that malignant ovarian tumors and/or the ovaries harboring them, are often capable of producing different sex steroids. These steroids may be found in the peripheral blood and in the ascitic fluid compartment and therefore may be used as tumor markers. The steroid production is probably not autonomous, but gonadotropin‐d

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155172

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This prescription‐based cohort investigation was undertaken in order to study whether climacteric estrogen treatment of women in a Swedish population might be associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer, and whether added progestogens can afford any protection from developing estrogen‐related endometrial neoplasia. Some 23 000 women who had been prescribed estrogens were followed up regarding the outcome of neoplastic lesions of the endometrium. The results are based on an observation period of one to four completed years, corresponding to 89 000 person‐years. Among those cohort members exposed to estrogens alone, regardless of the duration, the relative risk of endometrial cancer was 1.3 (95% confidence interval 0.9 to 1.7). The inclusion of premalignant endometrial changes resulted in a significantly increased relative risk of 1.6(1.2–2.1). The relative risk estimates in association with estrogen – progestogen combinations were 0.6 (0.2–1.4) for endometrial cancer and 0.8 (0.4–1.5) when including premalignant lesions. These data indicated a possible protective effect of progestogens against the development of endometrial neoplasia. It was concluded that estrogens were – within an observation period of 4 years – associated with an increased risk of premalignant en

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155173

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The fibrinolytic activity in vein walls (FAV) was determined by a semi‐quantitative fibrin slide technique in a group of 68 healthy middle‐aged women consisting of 22 healthy controls, 19 non‐smoking contraceptive pill users and 27 cigarette‐smoking non‐users. Significantly decreased FAV was demonstrated in pill users because of high frequency of low values among women using combined oral contraceptives (OC) for more than 5 years. Significantly lower FAV was also recorded in smoking non‐users, among whom low FAV values were found mainly in heavy smokers. However, no effect of OC usage for less than 5 years was observed, neither did smoking of less than 10 cigarettes daily influence FAV. Thus, the two well‐known risk groups with respect to circulatory diseases, long‐term contraceptive users and heavy smokers, included the vast majority of middle‐aged women with impaired plasminogen a

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155174

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

All patients hospitalized in 1982 at the Department of Gynecology in Malmö because of malignancy of the cervix uteri attended an interview study concerning the presence of cervical cancer among their nearest relatives. In addition, these patients were questioned concerning earlier gonorrheal infection. The blood group was determined as also was the secretory status and Gm allotype. As a control group the families of the male consorts were used. Cervical cancer was found significantly more often in mothers of the patients (7.9%) than in the consorts' mothers (1.0%). Sisters, aged 20 or over, of the patients had cervical cancer significantly more often (7.5%) than sisters of the consorts (1.1%). Moreover, cervical cancer in mothers and/or sisters was found in 15.6% of the patients. In cases of invasive cancer or previously operated CIS, this figure was 17.5%. The patients did not differ significantly from the normal population regarding blood group or secretory status. A somewhat lower, although non‐significant, frequency of Gm(1) allotype was found in patients with invasive cancer, compared with patients with CIS. Patients with a positive family history of cancer had more often had gonorrhea (24%) than patients with a negative family history (18%). The study indicates a multifactorial etiology for cervical canc

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155175

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We studied 30 normal pregnant women from the first trimester to 36 weeks. This group of women had had no previous miscarriage, termination of pregnancy, operations on the cervix, or premature labor. Fifteen were primigravidae and the remainder were multigravidae. There was no significant difference in the length of the cervix from 10 to 36 weeks of gestation (p>0.05). The mean width of the cervix gradually increased from 10 to 36 weeks of gestation (p0.05).

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155176

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 7‐year survey of the outcome of pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus, carried out at the Aarhus center, is presented. The material comprised 344 diabetic pregnant women where the control was based mainly on a centralized ambulant regime. The latter half‐period was moreover based on self‐monitoring of the blood glucose level. This achieved a significantly better blood glucose regulation, with a reduction of the mean blood glucose level from 7.9 to 6.4 mmol/l. Furthermore, the introduction of self‐monitoring halved the number of hospitalizations necessary for blood glucose regulation.Pregnancy was complicated in about 35%. The importance of screening for urinary tract infection is emphasized, since this, which was present in 20% of cases, might be a possible factor in ketoacidosis and/or intra‐uterine growth retardation. In 19% of the vaginal births it was deemed necessary to give instrumental assistance; 5% had shoulder dystocia. The cesarean section frequency was 31%. The antenatal mortality rate was 1.2% and the uncorrected perinatal mortality was 3.5%, half of the neonatal mortality was due to fatal congenital malformations. About half of the newborn babies required immediate intensive neonatal treatment. Because of the high frequency of complications in pregnant diabetics, during childbirth and in the neonatal period, centralized monitoring by a highly specialized team is necessary in order to maintain the present relatively low perinatal mortality and morbidity rates and the low number of cesarean sections, together with the most convenient control regimen for this highly pathological group. Furthermore, centralization will facilitate research which, together with prepregnancy consultation, may reduce the frequency of major fetal malf

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155177

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ninety‐nine consecutive diabetic pregnancies (101 infants) were monitored with altogether 2672 nonstress tests (NSTs) from about 30 weeks of gestation until parturition. In 96% of the women the last NST was performed within 2 days of delivery. Fifty‐nine percent had normal NSTs throughout pregnancy. Only 3.7% of the 2672 tests were classified as pathological.When performed within 2 days antepartum, a normal NST predicted the 1‐min Apgar score to be ≥7 in 92%, and at 5 and 10 min in 99%. When all NSTs ever performed were included, the predictive value improved to 100%. The baby's first cry within 1 min after birth was predicted in 96%. Furthermore, the predictive value of a normal NST regarding the absence of ominous intrapartum cardiotocographic (CTG) patterns, normal pulmonary function and normal metabolic balance, was about 80%. The perinatal mortality was 1%. The specificity was in general good (86–96%), whereas the predictive value of pathological tests and the sensitivity almost without exception were poor. It is concluded that the very low rate of pathological NSTs indicates that obstetric interventions were made soon after the occurence of the first sign of fetal jeopardy. Only then, and with meticulous care, is it possible to obtain good results. A normal NST is an excellent predictor of a normal Apgar score at 5 and 10 min, and also very good for a normal 1‐min Apgar and an early cry from the baby. The predictive value is quite acceptable concerning the intrapartum CTG and the neonatal course likewise regarding the pulmonary function and metabolic balance. This study indicates that in diabetic pregnancy the frequently performed NST is a good predictor of normality and thus highly reliable in fetal s

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348609155178

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY