ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028694

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028695

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028696

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028697

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A retrospective, community based study on perinatal mortality was performed in a sparsely populated county with decentralized antenatal and maternity care. Neither level of care nor domicile showed any relation to perinatal mortality. A substantial underreporting of perinatal deaths was revealed. Death causes were classified according to the modified Aberdeen classification. One child per 2,000 births is stillborn due to asphyxia during delivery. Maternal age outside the optimal age range for reproduction was a significant risk factor. A suboptimal standard of care was identified in 33% of the perinatal deaths.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028698

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A retrospective case‐referent study was performed to analyse risk factors of perinatal mortality. Overweight defined by body mass index, smoking>10 cigs/day, infertility, earlier low birth weight, earlier perinatal death were significant risk determinants of the obstetric history. Overweight and smoking, measured by the etiologic fractions, had the greatest impact on perinatal mortality. Significant risk factors of the present pregnancy were low weight gain, pre‐eclampsia, cervical incompetence, and late hemorrhage. Intra‐uterine growth retardation had the highest etiologic fraction. High risk assessment at the first antenatal visit had a sensitivity of 45%, increasing to 72% when adding supervening pregnancy complications. Although the positive predictive value of high‐risk classification was very low, % of the perinatal deaths occurred among high‐r

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028699

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A one‐stage ultrasound screening program was evaluated, using a pregnancy/perinatal database containing information from 2766 pregnancies and deliveries. Among women who did not have a second‐trimester ultrasound examination, labor was induced for presumed post‐term pregnancy in 4.0% versus 1.6% of pregnancies in the screening group (p = 0.007). In the group with second‐trimester ultrasound scanning other than screening, the frequency was 3.2%. Of women with spontaneous labor or who were induced for presumed post‐term pregnancy, 3.8% in a screening group and 8.0% in a group with other second‐trimester ultrasound examination were post‐term according to BPD measurements (p= 0.0003).In the screening group, 6.2% of liveborn singletons were small for gestational age(less than the 10th percentile) compared with 8.5% in the non‐screening group (p<0.05).A subset of 365 screened women with optimal menstrual history had spontaneous labor or were induced for presumed post‐term pregnancy. According to menstrual history and ultrasound examination, 7.4% and 3.8% of these were post‐term, respectively (p = 0.04).It is concluded that the main value of screening lies in a more accurate dating of pregnancy, even when menstrual history is optimal, with a lower incidence of induced labor for believed post‐term pregnancies. In addition, there may be an improvement in the obstetric management of pregnancy, reflected in our study as a lower incidence of small for ge

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028700

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Depressed pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A) concentrations have been found in patients with threatened abortion, often weeks before spontaneous abortion while the fetus was still alive. In order to extend these findings we have developed a highly sensitive PAPP‐A radio‐immunoassay and have established a reference range in early pregnancy for PAPP‐A between week 7 and week 20 of pregnancy, based on blood samples from 240 pregnant women. The gestational age was determined by ultrasound.PAPP‐A was measured in 128 women admitted to hospital because of vaginal bleeding in the 7th to 20th gestational week. The viability of the fetus was confirmed by ultrasonography. The serum values of PAPP‐A were significantly lower (p = 0.002) in the group of women with vaginal bleeding than in the group of normally pregnant women. However, with regard to abortion later on, the predictive value of an abnormal blood test on admission was only 18.7%. Serial determinations showed increased PAPP‐A values corresponding to the centile expected in the 12 women who aborted, as well as in the 116 women who gave birth. Consequently, the test is of no clinical value in the assessment of the prognosis in patients with symptoms of thre

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028701

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pregnancy outcome was investigated: 1) in fifteen women suffering from idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and who had experienced pregnancies with two different partners, and 2) in the mothers, the sisters and wives of the brothers of 90 consecutively referred women with RSA. After adjusting for ascertainment bias, the patients with 2 partners had an abortion rate of 72% with the first spouse (significantly increased compared with the expected rate) and a nearly 100% abortion rate with the second spouse. This suggests that, in the main, RSA is not partner‐specific. The sisters of the patients had suffered a significantly increased miscarriage rate (25.3%) compared with the observed rate in a Danish control group. The wives of the brothers had an abortion rate of 18.8%, which was not significantly increased vis‐a‐vis the controls. The sisters showed a lifetime incidence of RSA (10.6%) which was significantly greater than comparable estimates in the literature. These results suggest the existence of a familial predisposition to spontaneous abortion in families where RSA o

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028702

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several studies indicated that trophoblast tissue syntetizes pro‐opiome‐lanocortin‐related peptides. These peptides are also present in amniotic fluid, but their origin remains unknown. The present study evaluated the presence of and the possible changes in p‐endorphin (β‐EP) in amnion and chorion during pregnancy, at parturition and in spontaneous abortion. Amnion, chorion and placental tissues were isolated and homogenized from a total of 46 pregnant women between 4th and 42th week of pregnancy. fi‐EP was separated on a Sephadex G‐75 column and measured by RIA with specific antiserum. The identity of the endogenous opioid with its corresponding reference molecule was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography. In all tissues, the concentration of β‐EP in the first trimester was significantly higher than in the second trimester. A negative correlation between opioid levels and gestational age was observed in the first two trimesters. At delivery, the β‐EP content of all tissues was greater than in the second trimester. In tissues collected at term, in the absence of labor, p‐EP levels were very low in comparison with those collected after vaginal delivery. Low β‐EP contents were found in membranes collected from spontaneous abortion in 1st trimester. From these data one can surmise the existence of a local endogenous opioid system in fetal adnexes. This system seems sensitive to the stress of vaginal delivery and could be involved in the mechanisms leadin

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016349009028703

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY