摘要:

Abstract.A current density standard for current shapes used in transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TNS) must be established in order to avoid harmful effects. This is especially important when stimulating near vital structures such as the fetal heart. In the absence of an applicable standard, a preliminary safety norm is proposed, based on clinical experience during delivery and experimental measurements in the female bladder. Current densities due to TNS not exceeding 0.5 μA/mm2are safe for the fetal heart. A stimulator and electrodes fulfilling the safety criteria proposed in this study have been tested. A filter which suppresses the electrical disturbances occurring during TNS, thereby permitting recording of the fetal heart rate during birth, has also been tested. TNS was given over both the low‐back and suprapubic region. Results of clinical tests of the equipment during 15 supervised births are reported. No adverse effect in the mother or newborn infant were observ

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156941

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Cervical teratomas have been defined and one new case is now added to the 116 cases previously reported. We have been able to find only six reports of malignant teratoma in the literature so far. The problems of diagnosis and obstetrtic management are discussed briefly. The incidence of appearance of the tumor is described and the likelihood of hydramnios or of acute obstructive symptoms of the trachea and esophagus at birth ar discussed. The differential diagnosis includes cystic hygroma, congenital goitre, bronchial cyst, lymphangioma, neuroblastoma, parotid tumor and carcinoma of the thyroid.The object of this review is to present a synoptic description of these tumors, their clinical manifestations, management, treatment and prognosis, so that it may afford the attending obstetrician a guideline in understanding this rare entity.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156942

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.One hundred and sixteen women were admitted to hospital for laparoscopic sterilization by the Falope‐ring technique. Up to the present, and with an average observation period of 20.8 months, no pregnancies have occurred. Bleeding from the distal site of puncture and tubal transection were the most common peroperative complications, occurring in 4.4 and 3.5% respectively. In 80 patients, hysterosalpingography was performed after 3 months as a control. Unilateral leakage was demonstrated in 6 patients; 5 of these were resterilized via a minilaparotomy. The Falopering technique is easy and quick to carry out and, when performed correctly, is encumbered with a low rate of complications and failures. The method is recommended as an alternative to sterilization via electrocautery of the tube

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156943

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Plasma and red blood cell folate concentrations (L. casei‐activity) have been studied at term in 166 infants born after normal pregnancies, and in 139 of their mothers. Iron (but not folic acid) supplementation was given during pregnancy. The mothers did not develop folate deficiency during pregnancy as judged from their plasma and red blood cell folate concentrations and peripheral red blood cell pictures. A positive correlation was observed between the red cell folate concentrations in the mothers and the birth weights of the infants (r = 0.18, n = 136, p<0.05). A positive correlation was also observed between the red cell folate concentrations of the infants and the birth weights and lengths (r = 0.16, n = 147, p<0.05 and r = 0.22, n = 147, p<0.01, respectively). The present evidence is insufficient to settle whether these correlations are causal. Hematological parameters in the mothers were correlated to those of the infants. The results suggest a relationship between the maternal and infant erythropoiesi

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156944

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Samples of cervical mucus and endometrial tissue from 379 women who were infertile for various reasons were examined for the presence ofUreaplasma urealyticum, and the results were compared with those obtained in 40 fertile women.In the cervical samplesU. urealyticumwas present in about half of the women in both groups, whereas positive cultures from the endometrium were obtained significantly more often among the infertile patients (26%) than among the controls (7.5%). Between the different infertility subgroups (unaccountable infertility, infertility caused by tubal abnormalities, husband infertility and other known causes) no significant differences were found.The presence ofU. urealyticumin the endometrium was asymptomatic and was not related to prior pelvic inflammatory disease. In 14% of the Ureaplasma‐positive endometria, aerobic or anaerobic bacteria were demonstrated.A treatment trial was also included in the study, but did not arrive at any definite conclusion as to the specific role of endometrial Ureaplasma colonization in infertilit

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156945

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The obstetric and the neonatal management of 72 infants weighing less than 1500 g at birth were evaluated. Sixty per cent of the mothers were delivered by cesarean section. The neonatal mortality (27%) was equal in the cesarean section and the vaginally delivered groups, but intraventricular hemorrhage was a more frequent autopsy finding in the latter group.At follow‐up, 88% of all surviving infants are neurologically normal at two years of age. Of the vaginally delivered infants, three suffered from cerebral palsy, but none in the cesarean section group. The present results reveal that an active management including cesarean section in the delivery of very low birth weight infants is justified and leads to a favorable prognosi

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156946

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Eighty milligrams of propranolol or sotalol was administered orally to two groups of 8 parturients who were to undergo elective cesarean section. This was performed 3 hours after drug administration. The transplacental passage of both drugs was registered in each patient. The maternal concentration of propranolol was approximately four times that in the umbilical circulation, while the sotalol level in maternal circulation was twice that in the umbilical circulation. The administration of beta‐adrenoceptor antagonists caused a significant decrease in maternal plasma renin activity. After these doses of beta blockers, no difference in the plasma renin activity was found in the umbilical circulation, when compared with the previous normal values at cesarean sectio

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156947

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Myometrial lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes were investigated in 32 pregnant women and in 21 women during labor. During pregnancy and labor the H‐type LDH isoenzymes were found to preponderate in contrast to M‐type LDH isoenzymes. Both H‐LDH and M‐LDH isoenzyme activities showed a tendency to increase in normal pregnancy. In severe pre‐eclampsia and in chronic hypertension, the uterine M‐LDH level decreased. In normal labor, M‐LDH activity declined in both the uterine and the rectus abdo

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156948

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Three cases of severely compromised fetuses are reported in which a similar FHR tracing was observed: an undulating pattern describing a “sinusoidal” shape, a frequency of 0.5—1 cpm, amplitude of 10—15 bpm, and flattened baseline varying between 60—120 bpm. This pattern appears to differ significantly from the sinusoidal pattern described previously and appears to identify an agonal or pre‐agonal fetus that nonetheless may be salvageable and, therefore, requires maximal obstetric i

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156949

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In 706 midtrimester amniocenteses, 180 (25.5%) samples yielded blood‐stained amniotic fluid (macroscopically and microscopically), 152 (21.5%) contained maternal blood, 28 (3.9%) fetal blood and 8 samples contained both maternal and fetal blood. In the 180 cases of bloody midtrimester amniocentesis, the abortion rate was 6.6% when maternal blood was found and 14.3% when fetal blood was aspirated, compared with 1.7% in controls. The amount of blood drawn did not alter pregnancy outcome. The percentage of bloody amniotic fluid in amniocenteses performed before the 16th week of pregnancy was much higher (36.7%) than during and after the 16th week of pregnancy (22%).Midtrimester amniocentesis should therefore be avoided before the 16th week of pregnanc

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348209156950

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY