摘要:

In a prospective, randomized trial, a single dose of PGE2gel, 0.5 mg (2.5 ml), was given to 416 low Bishop Score patients 12 h prior to indicated oxytocin induction and compared with 404 non‐gel controls. Successful initial induction was achieved in 83% of the treated and 58% of the non‐treated subjects. In addition the induction—delivery interval was shortened (median times 9.0 h vs. 11.3 h) and fewer cesarean sections were performed (16% vs. 21%) in the PGE2gel series. The endocervical administration of PGE2was well tolerated and, provided care is taken to avoid excess extra‐amniotic placement, systemic PGE2effects are

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092944

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Analgesic effect, labor outcome, safety and consumer satisfaction were compared in 170 primigravid women; 50 using TENS initially for pain relief, 20 using entonox, 50 pethidine + promazine and 50 lumbar epidural. 88% choosing epidural related it fully effective. 90% using entonox, 96% using TENS and 54% given pethidine + promazine found partial relief. 82% of patients given TENS and 80% given pethidine + promazine required additional analgesia. This was also needed by one of the 20 patients choosing entonox. Women using entonox alone had the shortest labors and women using lumbar epidural, the longest. Operative delivery was significantly more common in women receiving lumbar epidural. No significant intergroup differences were noted in cord pH or Apgar scores. Parturients and midwives both gave high consumer satisfaction ratings to all methods — except for pethidine + promazine, whose use must therefore be questioned. The analgesic efficacy of lumbar epidural outweighs any possible side effects. Entonox appears suited to those able to cope with the earlier part of labor, drug‐free. Realization of the potential of TENS requires the design of machines specifically to cope with the quality of the pain of la

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092945

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a double‐blind controlled trial the effect of prophylactic metronidazole on postabortal infection in women with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) was assessed. One hundred and thirty‐five women were eligible for randomization, of whom 17 were excluded. The regimen consisted of oral metronidazole 400 mg 1 h before the abortion and again 4 and 8 h after, or else placebo. In the placebo group the rate of postabortal PID was 13.0% (7/54) and in the metronidazole group 10.9% (7/64), a nonsignificant difference (p>0.7). Women in gestational weeks 11−12 had a significantly increased rate of postabortal PID compared with women in weeks 6–10 (p0.2). Women with parity 1 had a significantly increased rate of postabortal PID compared with women with parity 0 (p0.2). The number of hospital days for women in the metronidazole group did not differ significantly from that in the placebo group (p<0.1). The amount of metronidazole administered for prophylactic and postabortal treatment was significantly greater in the metronidazole group (p<0.001). The amounts of other antibiotics prescribed showed non‐significant differences between the two groups (all p‐

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092946

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

latrogenic vascular injuries are common in the civilian western world. The frequency seen following gynecologic surgery is not known and a questionnaire was therefore sent to all gynecologic clinics in Sweden undertaking surgery, to establish the frequency during a 5‐year period and to analyse the types of injury. Case reports in the literature were also analysed. The frequencies per 10000 operations were: after laparoscopy, 0.93, after laparotomy, 0.76 and after major vaginal surgery, 0.33. All laparoscopic injuries were localized to the iliac arteries, caused bleeding, and were treated with arterial suture without complications or late sequelae. Injuries during laparotomy were most frequently venous and all patients had hemorrhage as the main symptom. In one case the external iliac vein was ligated, with immediate postoperative swelling, and in another case the external iliac artery was ligated, after which the patient developed postoperative ischemia. The internal iliac veins were ligated, and the other vessels reconstructed. There was no mortality, but a high rate of morbidity, also with late sequela

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092947

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Plasma fibronectin concentration was determined by electrommuno assay in 111 normal pregnant women and in 23 pregnant with evidence of pre‐eclampsia. The plasma fibronectin concentration during the period of normal pregnancy showed a significant increase. In mild or severe pre‐eclampsia patients, the plasma fibronectin concentration was significantly higher than that measured at normal 38–41 weeks of gestation. The present findings suggest that measurement of plasma fibronectin might be of diagnostic value in pre‐ec

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092948

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies on the transfer of drugs from mother to fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy are important because of the possible teratogenic effect on the fetus as well as possible therapeutic effect on both sides of the feto‐maternal barrier. The purpose of this study was to measure drug concentrations in maternal plasma, placental tissue and amniotic fluid in a group of first‐trimester abortion patients. Ceftazidime and thiopental were chosen as experimental drugs. The analyses were done with high pressure liquid chromatography. The penetration of ceftacidime into placental tissue and amniotic fluid was 20.6 and 2.2% from 1 to 4 h after drug administration. The corresponding values for thiopental were 54.3–71 and 1.5–7.4% from 5 to 15 min after drug administration, indicating a rapid transfer of both drugs across the feto‐maternal barrier during this period in

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092949

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventy‐two patients with repeat ectopic pregnancy including 3 women with three ectopic pregnancies each during the period 1965 to 1984 were studied. In the same period there was a total of 842 ectopic pregnancies, giving a repeat ectopic pregnancy incidence of 9.4%. In the last decade the incidence of repeat ectopic pregnancy was 10.4%, and in the first decade it was 7.0% (p<0.025). None of the women used an intra‐uterine contraceptive device, among those with repeat ectopic pregnancy in the first decade, visa‐vis 17 (30.4%) in the last decade. A history of infertility was common among the patients with repeat ectopic pregnancy. Between the two events there was a total of 17 deliveries in 13 patients. Four out of 24 potentially fertile women completed full‐term pregnancies following their second ectopic pr

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092950

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092951

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Of 72 women receiving artificial donor insemination with frozen semen, 49 (68%) conceived. The success rate was significantly better in patients whose husbands were azoospermic (79.5%) than in women whose mates were oligospermic (54.5%). This result may be explained on the assumption that the most fertile women in the latter (male oligospermic) group have disappeared through previous natural conception. It may be concluded that the diagnosis of male infertility is a factor influencing the probability of conception following artificial insemination with donor semen.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092952

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Plasma prolactin and cortisol levels were measured in mothers breast feeding with or without the use of a thin latex nipple shield, and in mothers wearing a nipple shield but who were not nursing. Suckling duration and milk transfer were also recorded. Suckling duration ranged between 6 and 31 min, being significantly correlated with prolactin levels 40 to 120 min after the feed started. At the latter time, baseline prolactin level and time spent nursing accounted together for most of the variance in prolactin levels: R2was 0.79 and 0.82 at 90 min and 120 min respectively. Prolactin was released as usual when the shield was in place: levels were not significantly different from levels without the shield. Suckling duration was also unaffected by the shield, but milk transfer was significantly reduced. Cortisol was not released by using the shield, and the shield alone (without suckling) did not release prolactin. The thin latex nipple shield has therefore no untoward effect on the release of these hormones during nursing.

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348709092953

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY