摘要:

Abstract.The lipid composition of serum and the lipoprotein fractions, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were determined in 26 peri‐ and postmenopausal women treated with a daily dose of 2 mg 17‐β‐estradiol, 1 mg estriol and 1 mg norethisteroneacetate in a continuous regimen for 12 months. A decrease was noted in all serum lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids during treatment. When comparing the lipid values after 3 and 12 months of treatment a tendency was found to approach pre‐treatment values with time. A reduction of triglycerides in VLDL after 3 months, concomitant with a decrease in HDL‐cholesterol, was interpreted as an effect mainly of the progestogen component. A decrease of free cholesterol in LDL was found during treatment. The ratio of LDL‐choles‐terol/HDL‐cholesterol was unaltered when comparing values before vs. after 3 and 12 months of treatment. Decreased levels of HDL‐cholesterol and elevated levels of LDL‐cholesterol are considered to be risk factors for coronary heart disease. The significance of lipid metabolic effects induced by treatment in the present study on a long‐term basis is hard to evaluate in t

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154661

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effects of pregnancy and childbirth on sexuality were studied in 50 women. Dyspareunia was more common in primiparae, but in other respects the same reactions and changes in behaviour were reported by multipar‐ous and primiparous women. Coital frequency and orgasmic capacity decreased during pregnancy. The period of abstinence from coitus before and after delivery varied considerably. During pregnancy 72% of the women experienced a waning of sexual desire. Three months after childbirth 20% of the women still‐had little desire for and a further 21% had a complete loss of desire for or aversion to sexual activity. Sexual desire increased for a few women both during pregnancy as well as after childbirth. Pre‐disposing factors in relation to diminished desire are discussed. The role of Maternity Clinic staff in providing information and advice is empha

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154662

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A prospective study was undertaken in 107 elective repeat cesarean deliveries in which the lecithin/sphingo‐myelin (L/S) ratio was positive. The frequency of neonatal complications in 87 of these women having positive amniotic fluid (AF) phosphatidylglycerol (PG) was compared with the frequency in the remaining 20 patients exhibiting a negative PG. Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) did not occur in either group. However, neonatal complications and related clinical procedures were significantly increased in the PG‐negative patients. These neonatal complications included increased frequency of admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit, physiologic jaundice, poor feeding, transient tachypnea, prolonged oxygen therapy, arterial blood gas determinations, chest X‐ray and placement of a peripheral intravenous line. The cause of this increased frequency in neonatal complications appears to be mild prematurity in patients exhibiting a positive AF L/S with a negative PG. This study suggests that, in hospitals where PG determinations are available, neonatal complications could be reduced further by awaiting the AF PG result before electively performing a repeat cesarean se

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154663

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.One hundred women who declined a voluntary α‐fetoprotein screening test during early pregnancy and one hundred women who accepted the test were investigated by means of semistructured interviews with particular reference to background factors which could have influenced upon the decision making. Those who declined were, as expected, overrepresented among those opposed to legal abortion and they often showed an ambivalent or negative attitude towards prenatal diagnosis as such. These women were also more frequently legally married and active members of various religious denominations. Otherwise there were no socioeconomic, psychologic or other background factors specially associated with women who declined. The paramount individual reason given for abstaining from the test was the feeling that the test was ‘unreliable’. The personal ethical attitude, together with the current reputation of the test in society, seem to be major factors affecting the rate of participation in an AFP‐screening

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154664

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Of 301 Norwegian female top athletes, all members of the national team in 27 different sports, who were approached with a questionnaire about menstrual function, 278 (92.4%) responded. Ninety‐nine of the respondents who used oral contraceptives were excluded. Of the remaining 179, 18 (10.1%) reported secondary amenorrhea (>4 months since the last period) and were chosen for further studies. Blood samples were drawn for hormonal analyses between 10 and 12 a.m. and at least 12 hours after the last training session. Their mean age was 20.8 years (range 18‐27), mean height 169.8 cm (160‐180), mean weight 58.5 kg (51‐67), and their mean age at menarche 14.6 years (13—16.5), significantly older than that of the other top athletes: 13.5 years (p<0.05). Their mean number of training hours per week was 16.1 (12—24). Hormonal changes were consistent with simple normoprolactinemic hypotha‐lamic suppression, characterized by low values of FSH, es‐tradiol—17β and prolactin. The androgen hormones demonstrated high levels of dihydrotestosterone. Testosterone levels were within normal limits, but in the upper part of the range, whereas sex hormone‐binding globulin was in th

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154665

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Details of medical history, symptomatology, operative findings and certain other special features are reported for patients with external endometriosis treated ope‐ratively during the period 1969‐76. The incidence of endometriosis in this survey was 19% of all gynecological laparo‐tomies. The mean age of the patients at the time of the operation was 36.7 years. The most common sites of endometriosis were the retrocervix and the ovaries. Of the patients, 559 (70%) had complained of dysmenorrhea; the pain generally began before the bleeding. Also typical was the exacerbation of the pain with increasing age. Twenty‐seven per cent of the patients also complained of infertility. Surgery was performed because of acute abdominal symptoms in 6% of cases. The incidence of endometriosis in postmenopausal women was 2.5% and that in young women, 1%. Endometriosis recurred in 15% of the cases during the follow‐up period. Gestagen therapy after the operation had no effect on the recurr

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154666

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.After theoretical education on the development of fetal acidosis and the fetal blood sampling technique, 12 midwives in a training program carried out or assisted in 40 fetal blood sampling procedures. Sampling was possible at a cervical dilatation of 1.5 cm. 11/12 midwives were successful in their first sampling attempt. The instrument used for analysis was an automated microprocessor device with a minimum sampling volume of 15 μl of blood. There was a statistically highly significant correlation between the results obtained with the instrument tested and the reference device (r = 0.9; n = 36). 82% of the measurements fell within ±0.04 pH units of the reference device. With the instrument placed in the labor room, and using the current technique with very small blood samples, it is possible to obtain a fetal pH value within 10 minutes after the development of a pathological fetal heart rate patter

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154667

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Using a radio‐isotope method, the perfusion through the intervillous spaces of the placenta was recorded in 23 pregnant smokers and 23 pregnant non‐smokers between 33rd and 37th week of gestation. All women were normotensive and the two groups were comparable in all essential variables. As compared with that in the non‐smokers, the perfusion was significantly lower in the smokers and the infants borne by the smokers had a significantly lower birth weight. In both groups there was a positive correlation between the perfusion values and the birth weights. Because we found a slight, chronic reduction in the blood flow through the invervillous space of the placenta in pregnant smokers, the results suggest that the changes caused by smoking are rather permanent. We find it well‐founded to advise pregnant women against

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154668

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The efficacy of a two‐dose perioperative course of rectally administered metronidazole and/or suction drainage of the vaginal vault in preventing febrile and infectious morbidity was evaluated in a randomized study of 198 patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. When compared with the control values, the incidence of febrile morbidity was significantly reduced (from 49% to 10%, 24.5%, and 10% respectively) in the groups treated with metronidazole, T‐tube suction drainage, and a combination of the two prophylactic measures. The incidence of infectious morbidity was significantly reduced by using prophylactic metronidazole alone or in combination with suction drainage, but the reduction was most significant in the group treated with metronidazole alone. In the group managed with suction drainage alone, no reduction in infectious morbidity was found. The rate of postoperative urinary tract infection was significantly lower in the group treated with metronidazole alone as compared with the control group. No side effects of metronidazole were encounte

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154669

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In order to evaluate the effect of bromocriptine in the treatment of secondary amenorrhea, a double‐blind placebo‐controlled study including 30 women with normo‐prolactinemic normo‐hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was carried out. The patients were given either 5 mg bromocriptine or placebo every day for 12 weeks and observed during the following 3 months. A biphasic basal body temperature curve and serum progesterone levels exceeding 25 nmol/1 during the expected midluteal phase were considered an indication of ovulation. Restoration of ovulation was observed in 2 of 17 women given bromocriptine and 4 of 13 women given placebo. Bromocriptine was found to have no specific effect on the restoration of ovulation in women with secondary amenorrhea and normoprolactinemic normo‐hypogonadotropic hyp

ISSN:0001-6349    

DOI:10.3109/00016348409154670

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY