摘要:

AbstractThe role of synovial fluid in providing nutrition to rabbit knee ligaments and menisci was evaluated by intraarticular injection of a labeled collagen precursor, tritiated proline. Incorporation of this substrate as tritiated hydroxyproline was measured in collateral and cruciate ligaments and menisci. The injectate volume (0.35 ml) did not appreciably change the overall joint pressure as measured by a wick catheter; therefore, no alteration of synovial membrane diffusion characteristics resulted. The concentration of the injected proline (0.52 mg%) was well below that normally present in serum (2.65 mg%). Therefore, incorporation of this substrate was not driven by a concentration gradient and represented normal uptake of synovial fluid and physiological incorporation of label as measured by the presence of tritiated hydroxyproline. Autoradiography was performed on all ligaments and menisci, and demonstrated concentration of the isotope and its metabolite (tritiated proline and tritiated hydroxyproline, respectively) in and around fibroblasts. This study indicates that rabbit knee ligaments and menisci can derive nutrition from a synovial fluid source.

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFlexor tendon function following excision of various portions of the fibro‐osseous pulley system was measured biomechanically using a tensile testing machine. The biomechanical parameters measured weretendon excursion(the excursion of the tendon required to fully flex the digit) andwork of flexion(the area under the force‐excursion curve, representing all the forces that resist tendon flexion). In this experiment, work of flexion included the forces necessary to accomplish full digital flexion against a 15‐g counterweight, as well as the frictional forces that resist tendon gliding. The results indicate that the work of flexion was affected to a greater degree by pulley loss than was tendon excursion, suggesting that it is a more sensitive measurement of tendon function. A2was found to be the single most important pulley for flexor tendon function, followed by A4. However, both A2and A4had to be present if near‐normal hand function was to be achieved; sacrificing the A1pulley was not associated with a significant loss of flexion. The “pulley effect” of the skin and soft tissue as a supplement to the fibro‐osseous pulleys in reducing tendon bow‐stringing was also noted. Although the parameters of tendon excursion and work of flexion were used in this study to determine the effect of pulley loss on tendon function, they can also be used to evaluate other flexor tendon studies, such as pulley

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040112

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe undertook this study to determine if subclinical postural control mechanisms were abnormal in idiopathic scoliosis. Ninety‐one female patients and fifty‐seven age‐matched female controls were examined. We used a force plate ataxiometer to quantitate postural sway in the standing position and recorded the displacement and acceleration of the center of pressure during static stance and under perturbation with eyes opened and closed. A joystick‐controlled video system was used to measure reaction time and eye–hand motor coordination. The scoliosis group demonstrated significantly less sway during two of the eight standing balance conditions and on the remaining balance tests there was a similar trend, albeit nonsignificant. The reaction time for the scoliosis group was also significantly slower, but the accuracy was not significantly worse. We noted no statistical differences between progressive and nonprogressive or between braced and unbraced patients. The subgroup of patients whose curves progressed despite bracing had a tendency to demonstrate greater stability on all standing tests. They also exhibited faster reaction times and less error in eye–hand coorindation than other patient groups. No correlation existed between severity of curve and test performance. We found no indication of deficient balance in idiopathic scoliosis, and the tests could not predict curve

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040113

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examines the effect of delayed exposure to hyperbaric oxygen on muscle necrosis and edema development following compartment syndromes in the canine hindlimb. Compartment syndromes (100 mm Hg for 8 h) were generated in one anterolateral compartment of six anesthetized dogs. After a 2‐h delay, three 1‐h hyperbaric oxygen treatments (2 atm absolute pure oxygen) were given during the next 12 h. Two days later, technetium‐99m stannous pyrophosphate (99mTc Sn‐PYP) was injected intravenously; 3 h later, samples were obtained from the pressurized and contralateral control muscles, weighed for edema development, counted for99mTC Sn‐PYP uptake, and evaluated histologically. Hyperbaric oxygen treatments, even when delayed 2 h, reduced muscle necrosis and intramuscular edema to negligible levels (p<0.05) compared with untreated animals. In addition, muscle morphology remained essentially normal in all hyperbaric oxygen‐treated animals. We conclude that even if hyperbaric oxygen treatments are delayed 2 h, edema and muscle necrosis are reduced significantly in a model compartme

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040114

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was designed to test position sense of the knee joint before and after fatigue in order to determine whether muscle or capsular receptors are the primary sensors for joint position sense. Reproduction of passive positioning and detection of the onset of motion (kinesthesia) were employed to measure joint position sense. Eleven subjects underwent joint position sense measurement before and after a fatigue protocol. A significant worsening of reproduction of knee joint angle after fatigue was noted (p<0.05). Threshold (kinesthesia) showed no statistically significant change after fatigue. A significant correlation of reproduction measurements and threshold measurements prior to fatigue (p<0.01) demonstrated that the same neural mechanism is applicable in the rested state, but these variables did not correlate significantly after fatigue. There was a significant correlation between reproduction measurements before and after fatigue (p= 0.018), while no correlation was seen for the pre‐ and postfatigue threshold measurements, suggesting a change in the neural path after fatigue. Since both tests of joint position sense are affected by fatigue, we conclude that muscle receptors are a prominent, if not primary, determinant of joint position sense, and capsular receptors may have a secondary role. Reproduction ability is decreased, presumably through the loss of efficiency of muscle receptors. The threshold data suggest a change in the mechanism of appreciation after fatigue, possibly due to increased sensitivity of capsular receptors from muscle‐fatigue‐induced l

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040115

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHealing canine flexor tendons treated with either total immobilization, delayed protected mobilization, or early protected mobilization was studied by biomechanical, microangiographic, biochemical, and histologic techniques at intervals through 12 weeks. The healing characteristics of the early mobilization tendons showed higher tensile strengths and improved gliding function than the delayed mobilization and immobilization tendons. Protected passive motion brought about accelerated changes in peritendinous vessel density and configuration, as well as increased repair site total DNA content. While adhesions obliterated the space between the tendon surface and the tendon sheath of the immobilized repairs, the mobilized tendons demonstrated coverage of the repair site by cells from the epitenon by 10 days, and a smooth, gliding surface that was maintained free of adhesions through 42 days. A series of in vitro studies demonstrated the cellular processes involved in the repair: phagocytosis of cellular debris and collagenous fragments by cells from the epitenon, and collagen synthesis primarily by endotenon cells.

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040116

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040117

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0736-0266    

DOI:10.1002/jor.1100040118

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY