ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

K1 antigens, serotypes and antibiotic susceptibilities of Escherichia coli isolates from neonates and infants were investigated. The presence of K1 antigen was tested by the K1‐specific phage method. The number of K1 positive strains was 27 (84%) of 32 isolates from cerebrospinal fluid, 11 (25%) of 44 from blood and 4 (22%) of 18 from other specimens. Fourteen (33%) of the K1 positive strains were serotyped as O16:H6, and 8, 7 and 5 were serotyped as O18ac:H7, O1:H7 and O7:H‐, respectively. One of 5 of the K1 negative strains were distributed into 30 different combinations of O and H antigens. The ampicillin resistance rates were 19% in K1 positive strains and 45% in K1 negative ones. The incidence of chloramphenicol resistance was the same in K1 positive and negative strains (21%). Ampicillin resistance was not noted in O16: H6 strains, but the incidence of antibiotic resistance was high (65% to ampicillin and 53% to chloramphenicol) in the rough‐type st

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is commonly understood that ambient noise and sounds produced by a pregnant woman herself are propagated into the body and reach the unborn child in the uterus. However, it would be unethical to study the propagation of sound to the fetus directly, so the present study, which aimed to clarify this process from an acoustical point of view, used the stomach as a model of the womb. The following points were demonstrated:For sound waves in the stomach, no interference such as occurs outside the body was observed. However, in the range 2 to 3 kHz, a resonance peak was visible, which was probably due to the gastric air space.Observing an average spectrum of songs showed that the sound pressure level (SPL(dB)) in the medium to lower range (below 3 kHz) tended to be higher in the stomach than outside.

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Between 1980 and 1987, we investigated the outcome for 20 infants with birth weights<750 g, admitted to the neonatal unit of Kyushu University Hospital. All infants were delivered at the hospital. Seven infants (35%) survived and were discharged. Comparing the first and second 4 year periods, the survival rate improved from 17% (1 of 6 infants) to 43% (6 of 14 infants). Intensive perinatal care, prevention of infection and early transport of mothers of high‐risk babies improved the outcome. In the long‐term, among the 7 survivors, 1 had psychomotor retardation, 1 had epilepsy and the other 5 were normal neurologically. Growth in height and weight of these children remained below the ‐2SD levels until 2 years of age, thereafter they began to catch up. Growth in head circumference increased to a level above the ‐2SD value from 2 years of age. With intensive perinatal care, the outcome for infants weighing<750 g is improving, and good results may be e

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00896.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To evaluate hypodense eosinophils known very little in children, peripheral blood from asthmatic, allergic‐non‐asthmatic and non‐allergic children was evaluated by density Percoll gradient techniques. A significantly higher number of eosinophils were hypodense in asthmatic children (n = 24) compared with allergic non‐asthmatic (n = 10) and non‐allergic children (n = 13), namely 484 ± 348 cells/40 μl versus 113 ± 109 and 39 ± 61 (p<0.001) respectively. We also observed by light and electron microscopy that the hypodense eosinophils of asthmatic children were swollen and their granules were dispersed, but the normodense eosinophils of the same patient were small and compact. In three cases of severe asthmatic attack, hypodense eosinophils found on admission decreased in number after intravenous aminophylline therapy and relief of symptoms. Moreover, a decreased number of hypodense eosinophils were found in seven cases of allergic children (p<0.05) after 2 weeks of antiallergic drug treatment associated with relieved symptoms. From these data we concluded that the presence of hypodense eosinophils in the peripheral blood might be related to the development of allergic symptoms and might participate in the pathophysiology of allergic disease

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00897.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing of HLA‐DR and DQ alleles of 60 Japanese type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetic patients and 115 controls was performed. RFLP typing of DRB1 showed increased frequency of DR9 and decreased frequencies of DR2 and DRW6 among patients compared to controls. In the RFLP typing of BamHI‐ digested DNA to DQ β probe (BamHI‐DQB1), the incidence of the 10.26 kb fragment, which represents either DQW4, DQW8 or DQW9, was markedly elevated in the patients, whereas the incidence of DQW6 was reduced. The predicted DR‐DQ haplotype study revealed that DR4‐DQW4 or DQW8, DRW8‐DQW4 or DQW8 and DR9‐DQW9 may contribute to susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. When serological typing of the 13 DRW8 patients was performed, all the 11 DRW8 patients carrying DQW4 or DQW8 (BamHI‐10.26 kb) were positive for DQW3.These results indicated that the HLA‐DQ locus may play an important role in the development of type 1 diabetes in the Japanese as well as other ethnic groups and that the DRW8‐ DQW8 haplotype may predispose to

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00898.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The frequency and clinical significance of the pseudo‐Chediak‐Higashi (PCH) anomaly were studied in 20 children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) M2 in the FAB nomenclature. PCH granules were recognized as giant eosinophilic granules, measuring up to 5μ, in the cytoplasm of leukemic cells on smears. At the electron microscope level, most PCH granules were round to oval and outlined by a limiting membrane, and contained homogeneous, granular, crystalloid, rod‐like or myelin‐like materials. The PCH anomaly was demonstrable in five (25.0%) of the 20 patients, which indicates that the anomaly is not rare in childhood AML M2. There were no differences between PCH anomaly‐positive and PCH anomaly negative groups with regard to hepatosplenomegaly, hemoglobin levels, white blood cell counts, bone marrow cellularity, t(8q‐, 21q+) chromosome abnormalities or prognoses. Circulating leukemic cells were observed less frequently in the PCH anomaly‐positive group than in the PCH anomaly‐negative group (p<0.05); the leukemic cells were not demonstrable in three of the five patients in the former group, although they were detected in all 15 patients in the latter group. The existence of PCH granules and/or a defect of the cytoskeleton responsible for the PCH anomaly in leukemic cells may impede their movement from the bone marrow to the

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00899.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Quantitative fecal bacteriology was performed in eight immunocompromised children with septicemia. The most marked change observed was suppression of the anaerobic bacteria. In seven patients, the predominant organisms were aerobic gram‐negative bacilli (GNB), and in six of these were the same as the causative organism of the septicemia. Thus, overgrowth of GNB in the gastrointestinal tract may result in invasion of the blood stream and septicemia in immunocompromised patients. To prevent this complication it is necessary to allow the normal intestinal flora to be maintained in these patients as long as possible. Antibiotics should therefore be prescribed with caution. For the same reason, use of immunosuppressive drugs should be kept to a minimum. Bacteriological examination of the stool and pharynx is useful in the management of immunocompromised patient

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00900.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The function of 9 St. Jude prosthetic mitral valves in 8 children was evaluated by continuous wave Doppler (CWD) echocardiography 28±22 months after implantation. All valves were apparently functioning normally on clinical examination. Peak flow velocity, mean flow velocity, pressure half‐time and mean pressure gradient were determined from the transmitral flow velocity curve by CWD echocardiography. For comparison, the same parameters were examined in 15 normal children and 14 adults who had undergone mitral valve replacement. All measured values were greater in adults and children who had undergone valve replacement than in normal children. There were no differences in any parameter in adults or children in whom prostheses 25 mm or larger had been implanted. Although 3 children in whom prostheses 23 mm or smaller had been implanted had greater values for each parameter than those who received 25 mm or larger prostheses, there were no symptoms or signs of mitral stenosis. These data may be useful as guidelines for normal Doppler characteristics for St. Jude mitral valves in children. In an asymptomatic child whose prosthetic valve developed obstruction by granulation tissue overgrowth, each parameter significantly worsened as the heart rate increased. The changes in these parameters in 2 normally functioning St. Jude valves during atrial pacing were insignificant. The fluctuation of Doppler characteristics with changes in heart rate is useful for differentiating normally functioning prosthetic valves from impending stenos

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1990.tb00901.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY