摘要:

AbstractBioelectorical impedance methods have been found to be a valid and reliable way of estimating per cent body fat (%BF) in adults. We applied them to healthy children and compared them with conventional anthropometry methods.One thousand two hundred and sixteen children participated in this study. Impedance and skinfold thickness were measured, and %BF was estimated using these values. Bodyweight and height were measured, and per cent obesity (%OB) and body mass index (BMI) were obtained.The values of %BF by the bioelectrical impedance method (%BFi) were 8.6 ± 4.0% in the junior male group, 14.2±2.8% in the junior female group, 7.9±4.7% in the senior male group and 16.1 ±2.9% in the senior female group. The % BFi correlated strongly with skinfold thickness, %OB and BMI. Thus %BFi correlated strongly with variables from conventional methods. It was concluded that it is a reliable way of assessing lipid storage in child

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe diagnostic approach in growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is complicated. Two or more provocative tests are essential for definitive diagnosis of GHD. However, such testing cannot be carried out routinely on all subjects with short stature because of the need for hospitalization and blood sampling. A simple screening method for GHD would be of great value. Human growth hormone (hGH) levels were measured in the early morning urine of 192 children aged 7–15 years with height 2.0 s.d. below the mean for their ages. Sixty‐eight subjects were selected because they showed a urinary hGH level<10 ng/g creatinine. They were further examined in terms of bone age and plasma insulin‐like growth factor (IGF‐I) levels. In 30 subjects, the ratio of bone age: chronological age was<0.8 and/or plasma IGF‐I level was<0.7 U/mL.Finally 24 of these subjects were examined with provocative tests and other endocrinological tests. Eleven subjects proved to have poor growth hormone secretion and one subject was diagnosed as having Turner syndrome.In conclusion, 11 patients with GHD were diagnosed from 192 children with short stature using urinary hGH measurement as the first screening method. These findings suggests that urinary hGH measurement could be a useful and simple method for dete

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the past 16 years, 2004 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have been treated in the Polish Pediatric Group centers. Eight hundred and eighty‐seven (44.3%) of these patients discontinued treatment after the first remission. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapse occurred in 180 patients (20.3%). This group was analyzed for the method of treatment and its influence on long‐term survival, the time between cessation of treatment and relapse, the character and localization of relapse and later follow‐up. It was shown that the patients with the best chance of a second remission are those with late testicular relapse. The most frequent and prognostically poor are bone marrow (BM) relapses which warrant intensive chemotherapy with BM transplantation. Patients with ALL relapse still have the possibility of a second remission and long‐term s

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween October 1989 and September 1991, 124 cases of poliomyelitis visited the Department of Paediatrics, Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. The majority of them were between 6 months and 2 years of age and the epidemics occurred during the hot seasons. The dominant serotype was poliovirus type 1 during the epidemic season in 1990 and type 2 in 1991. All the polioviruses isolated from the patients were wild‐type. Virological studies also disclosed that enteroviruses other than polioviruses were prevalent among healthy children as well as among diarrheal and polio patients.A serological survey to elucidate the serological efficacy of oral polio vaccine (OPV) showed that: (i) in 112 unimmunized children, after disappearance of transplacental maternal antibody during early infancy, antibody prevalence increased gradually and>80% of the children were seropositive against all three types of polioviruses at 5 years of age; (ii) in 201 children immunized with full doses of OPV in their infancy, the decrease in antibody titer during infancy was less and seroprevalence rose sharply afterwards: at 2 years of age,>80% of them were seropositive against all three types of the virus. The rapid increase of seroprevalence might be the effect of OPV administration. However, the prevalence was lower than that in developed countrie

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the most important agents causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. In this study, we examined the urinary excretion of HCMV in children with malignancy using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Urine samples were collected from on‐therapy, off‐therapy patients with malignancy, and healthy controls. A simple DNA extraction method using glass powder was employed, and inhibitory effect of urine on PCR was prevented. For PCR, a pair of primers from the HCMV major immediate early gene sequence was used.Among patients who received intensive chemotherapy, 52.0% had urinary HCMV excretion after the chemotherapy course. In contrast, off‐therapy patients and healthy controls showed a lower incidence of urinary HCMV excretion (20.4 and 8.7%, respectively). The incidence of HCMV urinary excretion in the on‐therapy group was significantly higher than healthy controls (P<0.05). In the on‐therapy group, the total white blood cell count of the virus excreters was lower than that of non‐excreters.The incidence of HCMV excretion was high in on‐therapy patients. Most of the virus excreters were seropositive, so their viruria was thought to be caused by reactivation. Repeated monitoring of virus excretion by this rapid and simple method may be useful to detect HCMV infection early and to control it in

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAntibodies of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), EBV‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (EBVCTL) activity and the lymphocyte subset of CTL were examined in 13 Japanese children with chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) and their parents (eight fathers and 10 mothers).Anti‐virus‐capsid antigen (VCA)‐IgG antibody titers ranged from 1: 640 to 1: 5120 in the patients with CAEBV and from 1: 40 to 1: 640 in the parents. While anti‐VCA‐IgM antibody was detected in three patients, anti‐VCA‐IgA antibody in five and anti‐early‐antigen (EA)‐IgG antibody in 11, no antibody was detected in the parents except anti‐EA antibody, which was positive in the mothers of cases 5 and 13 (1: 10 and 1: 40). Anti‐EBV‐associated nuclear antigen (EBNA) antibody was ≥ 1: 10 in six out of 13 patients with CAEBV and in 10 out of 18 parents tested. Epstein‐Barr virus activity was significantly lower (P<0.005) both in the children with CAEBV and in their parents than in seropositive age‐matched controls. Proportions of a CTL subset (CD8+CD11−lymphocytes) in the patients with CAEBV were significantly higher (P<0.005) than in controls, while those in the parents were at the same level as in controls.Defective EBVCTL activity and anti‐EBNA‐antibody responses were frequently observed both in children with CAEBV and in their parents, which may suggest that the abnormal immune response to EBV may be based on a familial disorder, though no familial involvement has been

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEngerix B vaccine was administered to 54 children with leukemias and lymphomas aged from 2 to 15 years. In 36 cases chemotherapy was completely stopped, and 18 cases were receiving maintenance treatment. Engerix B was given at 0, 1, 2 and 6 months in a dose of 20 μg to children1000 mIU/mL.In children vaccinated in the course of maintenance treatment the levels of antibodies did not give sufficient protection against infectio

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA Japanese boy aged 2 years 11 months with late infantile metachromatic leukodystrophy underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from his human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identical but mixed lymphocyte culture reactive father. Chimerism and increased arylsulfatase A activities of leukocytes had been observed with retarded progression of neurological deterioration during the first 3 months post‐BMT. Graft rejection gradually occurred and donor cells were almost completely eliminated from the patient at 1 year after BMT. The process of neurodegeneration progressed clinically and neuroradiologically. Three possible reasons for the pathogenesis of graft rejection are: (i) T cell depletion of donor marrow cells as graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis; (ii) a slightly weak conditioning regimen; and (iii) a small number of marrow cells transplanted. It is stressed that as BMT is still a preliminary therapy for metachromatic leukodystrophy indications, conditioning, and GVHD prophylaxis for BMT should be considered individ

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe histological changes observed in consecutive tests of biopsied muscles from an asymptomatic patient with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are reported. The first biopsy showed active muscle necrosis and clustered regenerating fibers. The second biopsy revealed chronic myopathic changes mixed with neurogenic involvement. It is stressed that active myogenic changes observed in younger and asymptomatic BMD patients were followed by chronic myogenic or neurogenic change with age. Finally, we confirm the necessity of checking for dystrophin of abnormal size or reduced abundance by immunoblot analysis.

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a retrospective study, 121 children with Kawasaki disease (KD) were investigated to determine (i) the incidence of myocardial damage using the antimyosin antibody (AMA) titer; (ii) the differences in the electrocardiograms between the AMA‐positive and ‐negative patients; and (iii) the effect of treatment with intravenous gamma globulin (IVGG) on the AMA. Comparisons were made with 117 normal children (controls).Patients with KD showed a significantly higher mean AMA titer and more patients were positive for AMA than the controls. The AMA titer in the KD group was not related to the presence of coronary artery lesions. Electrocardiograms obtained during the acute and the convalescent stage of KD revealed that patients positive for AMA had a significantly lower voltage of T wave in lead V6 at week four than at week two of illness, whereas patients negative for AMA showed no T wave change after week two. The group treated with IVGG showed a significantly lower AMA titer than that not given IVGG.These observations suggest that myocardial damage occurs in some patients with KD which is unrelated to the presence of coronary artery lesions and that the treatment with IVGG reduces the AMA titer in patients with

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY