ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb00994.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relationship between oxygenation and lung volume during high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) was studied. We ventilated anesthetized, tracheostomized adult rabbits that were rendered surfactant‐deficient by lung lavage. Lung volume was measured by the ‘disconnection technique’. In the first experiment, HFOV was commenced after conventional mechanical ventilation (CM V) for 1 hr. In the absence of sustained inflation (SI), oxygenation improved with time during HFOV. In the second experiment, HFOV was instituted after CMV for 4hr. In the absence of SI, all animals expired during the experimental period. In the third experiment we ventilated rabbits for 4 hr and then switched to HFOV. We applied SI first and increased mean airway pressure (MAP) by increments of 2 cmH2O every 15 min. However, there was little improvement in PaO2despite the use of repeated SI and the increase in MAP. We conclude that oxygenation has a linear relationship to lung volume during HFOV, and that secondary lung injury due to long‐term CMV impairs the response to HFOV. Therefore, it is important to minimize the risk of such secondary injuries before instituti

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb00995.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Atmospheric cedar pollen in the southern region of Okayama Prefecture (situated in south‐western Japan) has been counted since 1988. Pollen of different species of the Taxodiaceae family (Cryptomeria japonica, Sequoia sempervirensandMetasequoia glyptostroboides) and Japanese juniper (Juniperus rigida) in the Cupressaceae family, which are propagated mainly in the southern region of Okayama Prefecture, were found among the atmospheric pollen. Scratch tests using the pollen extract from Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae were performed on children with bronchial asthma. Forty (25%) and 30 (18.8%) of the 160 patients reacted positively to an allergen extract from the pollen grains of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Japanese juniper, respectivel

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb00996.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We determined the effects of rice bran broth bathing therapy in 17 outpatients with atopic dermatitis. The rice bran broth used in this study was made in our hospital and distributed to the patients who dissolved it in the bathtub as a medicinal bath. In the case of one patient, redness and itching of the skin increased just after bathing. The patient subsequently discontinued therapy. We followed the other 16 patients who performed rice bran broth bathing for 2–5 months and examined their skin symptoms once a month. The efficacy of this therapy in alleviating skin symptoms was excellent in four of the 16 evaluated patients, good in seven, slightly effective in four, and ineffective in one. None of the 16 patients experienced negative effects of treatment. Recurrence of initial symptoms was not detected in any patient during rice bran broth bathing. Rice bran broth bathing therapy appears to be safe and clinically usefu

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb00997.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Platelet α2‐ and lymphocyte β‐adrenergic receptors were examined in eight children aged 10–16 years with essential hypertension, and in 11 age‐matched normotensive children. Both α2‐ and β‐adrenergic receptor concentrations showed no significant differences between children with essential hypertension and normotensive children. According to other studies, physiological fluctuations in catecholamines determine lymphocyte β‐adrenergic receptor concentrations, although down‐regulation in platelet α2‐adrenergic receptors has not been observed. The present findings suggest that there may be no abnormalities in α2‐ and β‐adrenergic receptors in essential hypertension in childhood, although a hyperadrenergic state has been reported to be of some relevance to the pathogenesis of essential hype

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb00998.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mice made tolerant to streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE) by neonatal inoculation with SPE emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant demonstrated early thrombocytopenia followed by thrombocytosis. This state is the perfect counterpart of patients with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS). We have hypothesized that by inducing tolerance to SPE, the biological activities of the toxin might play leading roles in the pathogenesis of MCLS. In the present investigations, the efficacy of SPE on the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused byStreptococcus pyogenes(including MCLS) were monitored using the murine model system accompanied with a platelet‐counting technique. The mice, rendered tolerant due to neonatal SPE inoculation and followed by immunization with SPE toxoid about 1 month prior to the provocative injections with SPE, demonstrated an almost complete lack of response to the provocation, keeping platelet counts within the normal range of values (except for a marginally significant thrombocytosis 7 days postprovocation). Moreover, anti‐SPE titers of the sera from the mice sacrificed on day 35, at which point the observation was terminated, were proved to be markedly elevated when compared with controls. These findings seem to suggest that immunization with the toxoid could overcome tolerance, resulting in the production of an antitoxin. In a second experiment that examined the effect of administration with rabbit antiserum raised against the toxoid, the antiserum‐treated mice demonstrated a transitory thrombocytosis on 7 days postprovocation with SPE, followed by an abrupt decrease in the number of platelets from day 10 onward. Such a finding was in complete agreement with that observed in tolerant mice administered with antiserum specific for SPE, suggesting a strong neutralizing activity against SPE of the antitoxoid serum. A third experiment evaluated the effect of F(ab')2fragments of the rabbit antiserum to the toxoid on platelet activity. The tolerant mice passively administered i.v. with the F(ab')2 fractions demonstrated a complete lack of responsiveness, except for a small thrombocytosis on days 7 a

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb00999.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We examined urinary fibrin and fibrinogen degradation product (U‐FDP) concentrations in pediatric patients with hematuria using the rapid and highly‐sensitive latex particle agglutination test (LPAT), and assessed the value of this test for the localization of the site of hematuria. Patients with hematuria were divided into two groups: 60 with glomerular hematuria and 46 with non‐glomerular hematuria. If U‐FDP concentrations less than 0.25 μg/ml are Accepted as an indicator of glomerular bleeding, the sensitivity and specificity of localization of glomerular hematuria in the present study were 78% (47/60) and 89% (41/46), respectively. The high U‐FDP concentrations observed in patients with non‐glomerular hematuria may reflect direct bleeding into the urinary tract. Since all 13 patients with glomerular hematuria and U‐FDP concentrations of 0.25 μg/ml or more had coexistent erythrocyte cylindruria, the U‐FDP test seems to be compensated with combined urinalysis for the relatively lower sensitivity. We conclude that a knowledge of U‐FDP concentrations by LPAT can be of help in localizing the site of bl

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb01000.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We experienced a nosocomial outbreak ofCampylobacter fetussubspeciesfetus(C. fetus) meningitis in a neonatal intensive care unit. A cluster of three infants developed meningitis approximately 1–1.5 months after the index patient was admitted. Two asymptomatic intestinal carriers ofC. fetuswere detected during the outbreak. Our experience indicates thatC. fetuscan cause nosocomial meningitis in neonates, and asymptomatic carriers may play a role in the transmission of the organis

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb01001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of mosaicism of isodicentric chromosome 18 is reported. Dicentric chromosome 18 occurs rarely and only five cases of isodicentric chromosome 18 have been documented. A high resolution banding method revealed that the karyotype of the patient was mos 46,XX/46,XX idic(18)(pter→q21.3::q21.3→pter), and the ratio of normal and abnormal clones was 1:1. The clinical manifestations, resembling those of trisomy 18 syndrome, were affected by both partial trisomy 18pter→q21.3 and partial monosomy 18q21.3

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb01002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A childhood case of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q‐) is reported. The patient was an 8 year old boy who has recurrent angina. Laboratory evaluation revealed the following: hemoglobin 8.1 gm/dl, white blood cell count 4.9 × 103/l with 3% atypical lymphocytes, and platelet count 17.7 × 104/l. A bone marrow aspirate revealed 20% blast cells and dysmyelopoietic changes involving all three marrow cell lines. Karyotype analysis of marrow cells revealed 46,XY,5q‐ in 100% of the metaphases.These findings led to a diagnosis of MDS with 5q‐, which is most commonly found in adult MDS. This case seems to represent an exceedingly rare childhood case of MDS w

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1992.tb01003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY