ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn school education in Japan it is characteristically assumed that basic contents of schoolbooks and curricula are to be based on the Course of Study, as the Standard of curriculum for school education, which derives from the School Education Law and other relevant legislation. Health education articulated in the Course of Study is required, for the sake of comprehensiveness, to be applied through all school activities and health‐related subjects. Items of health‐related subjects are arranged without duplication, but continuity in ordered school levels is insisted upon. By means of health instruction and guidance pupils and students are expected to be motivated to change their unhealthy life‐style and to practise a healthie

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper is to illustrate sex education in Japan, shedding light on its historical background.Firstly, the ideas of sex education and the social environments from the Edo period up to modern times are mentioned. Secondly, the current sexual activities of young people, based on nation‐wide sampling surveys, are discussed. Geographical variation of teenage fertility in Japan is shown as well. Finally, the paper describes the recent activities of the educational profession in sex education and the measures taken by the Administration to cope with the rise in teenage pregnancie

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00654.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe heart disease screening system for school children in Japan is useful for early detection of children with heart disease, and for their daily health care. In particular, the heart disease screening system using an electrocardiogram and/or phonocardiogram is an excellent one for finding atrial septal defect, pulmonic stenosis, idiopathic cardiomyopathy and arrythmia.Recently, computer‐assisted electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram automatic analysis equipment for heart disease screening of school children has been developed, and a screening system using this equipment has been institute

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00655.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEarly morning urine is collected at home and urinalysis is performed at a clinical laboratory. Simple dipstick methods are used for the detection of proteinuria and hematuria. When the urine tests are positive, a second test is performed in the same manner. When the urine abnormalities are persistently encountered, urine sediments are checked under the microscope and diagnostic steps are taken to determine the cause of the urine abnormalities. A study of the diagnosis and prognosis of the asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria detected by urine screening was performed with the collaboration of eight different hospitals. Correlations between renal pathology or prognosis and urinary findings or other laboratory data in 170 patients who had renal biospy were studied. Cases with asymptomatic hematuria without proteinuria tended to have a better prognosis, with the pathology of minor abnormality or focal segmental proliferative lesions. In cases with marked proteinuria and hematuria diffuse proliferative lesions including membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) were frequently observed. Renal pathology suggesting a poor prognosis was not uncommon in the cases with marked proteinuria and hematuria. The above observations were confirmed by a 5‐year follow‐up study in 141 ca

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00656.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe spread of tuberculosis has been arrested in Japan, and this is especially remarkable in children. Taking as an example the incidence rate of tuberculosis in children of 5 ∼ 9 years of age, there has been a remarkable decrease from 261.3 in 1962 to 4.2 in 1983. In Japan, mass examination for tuberculosis is performed on primary school children in the 1st grade and also on junior high school children in the 1st grade. The detection rate of tuberculosis for these groups is very low. The future direction of examination for tuberculosis in school is as follows:1)Records of examinations should be prepared carefully, so as to avoid omitting absentees in examinations.2)Emphasis should be placed on examination of children who are in contact with newly detected active tuberculous patients.3)Early visits to doctors are recommended when symptoms such as fever of unknown origin or persistent cough appea

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00657.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOphthalmic school examination serves not only in early detection and treatment of ocular diseases, but also in protecting the visual health school children need for study. The most important problem in this regard is considered to be the management of refractive error.Although in the past the most common refractive error in school children was myopia, recent investigations have revealed that hyperopia, hyperopic astigmatism and mixed astigmatism are more frequent; moreover, these conditions are more obstructive than is myopia. Urgently needed in school health service therefore is the development of a counterplan to clarify the actual extent of refractive error in children and perform the proper management thereof.For this purpose we have developed a system of mass screening to evaluate refractive error. The system comprises an autorefractometer and a small computer for data analysis. This is recommended for further ophthalmic school mass screening in view of its high efficiency and capacity for statistical analysis.

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00658.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1328-8067    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200X.1985.tb00659.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY