ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of betahistine compared with cinnarizine on induced vestibular nystagmus was evaluated using a rotating chair, in 6 healthy volunteers. The subjects underwent a slow acceleration followed by a sudden stop. Electronystagmograph tracings were taken initially as pretreatment control values, and after betahistine 8 mg t.i.d. and cinnarizine 15 mg t.i.d. had been taken. The duration of nystagmus and average eye speed were measured. No difference was recorded in either parameter between the pretreatment rotation and that following betahistine (P>0.05). A significant difference (P<0.05) was seen in the duration of nystagmus during initial acceleration, and in average eye speed following the sudden stop after treatment with cinnarizine.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The incidence and mortality of acute epiglottitis were retrospectively analysed covering a 12‐year period, 1975‐1987. The diagnosis was made by the laryngoscopic findings in 95% of patients. Based on 902 hospitalized patients, a mean annual incidence of 4.9 cases per 100000 children and adults was found. Although adult patients predominated (60%), the incidence was far higher in children, 13.8 per 100000 compared with 3.9 per 100000 in adults. Two peaks in incidence were identified, one for the youngest children, and the second for young adults (15‐29 years). Over the years the incidence varied little in adults, but decreased significantly in children over the last 6 years studied. The data presented indicate acute epiglottitis to be a more frequent disorder than previously believed but with less risk of a fatal outcome. The mortality rate was below 1% in children and adults and the annual incidence of death from acute epiglottitis was estimated at 0.5 cases per million. The primary admission of these patients to ENT units seems to be the single factor having the most powerful impact on mort

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00410.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nine‐hundred and eleven pairs of surgical gloves used by Ear, Nose and Throat surgeons and their scrub nurses were tested for perforations over a 6‐week period. We studied the perforation rate for different surgical procedures and found the average rate to be 4.8%. The rates varied from endoscopy with a perforation rate of zero to major head and neck resections with a rate of 28

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00411.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We present a 20‐year review of juvenile angiofibroma in the relatively static population of Northern Ireland. Seventeen cases were identified and new slides were prepared from the stored paraffin blocks of all their original biopsy material, and reexamined. Five females, a 36‐year‐old and an 18‐year‐old male had their diagnoses revised. We suggest clinical criteria, which in conjunction with radiological investigations, should be strictly applied in all cases. Such application would, in retrospect, have identified those cases excluded by pathological re‐examination, thus avoiding unnecessary surgery and radiotherapy. Atypical cases which do not satisfy the clinical criteria may be subjected to repeat biopsy but routine initial biopsy is not

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00412.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of a retrospective study of the effect and outcome of middle ear ventilation by Goode's tubes are presented. 83 ears from 50 patients were analysed both as a group and in age‐related sub‐groups over a mean follow‐up period of 1.83 years. The mean period of ventilation by Goode's tubes before removal or extrusion was 18.4 months. The tubes became infected in 70.4% and were spontaneously extruded in 44.9% of patients. Permanent perforation of the tympanic membrane ensued in 47.5% of patients and significantly more often in those aged between 10 and 20 years (P<0.002). Patients aged<10 years were significantly less likely to develop a retraction of their tympanic membranes after removal of the Goode's tube than those older (P<0.02). No significant relationship was found between the development of these complications and the period of ventilation, past experience of otitis media, consistency of effusion, degree of tympanosclerosis or the preoperative presence of tympanic retra

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐six patients with osteogenesis imperfecta underwent clinical and audiological assessment. They completed questionnaires regarding their physical and otological disabilities, and attended various centres for audiological testing. It was found that 31 patients had a hearing loss. Hearing loss began in the second and third decades as a conductive loss, and progressed to a mixed loss. Eight patients, found in all age groups, had a pure sensorineural loss in one or both ears. Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta congenita suffered more fractures, became more physically disabled and had more severe hearing loss than those with osteogenesis imperfecta tarda. Tympanometry was found to give unpredictable results and was unhelpful in assessing middle ear function in these patient

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sixty‐four patients with a facial paralysis due to chronic suppurative otitis media were treated by surgical decompression during the 10‐year period 1973 to 1982. Paralysis was clinically complete in 66% and incomplete in 34% of the patients. Cholesteatoma was found in 80%. Otogenic facial paralysis was more common as an isolated lesion not associated with other complications. When present, bone destruction of the facial canal was most frequently seen in its tympanic portion. The occurrence of facial paralysis did not depend on the extent of destruction of the facial canal. Facial nerve function recovered completely in 70%, partially in 24% and failure occurred in 6% of the patie

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dermally applied topical glucocorticoids induce a pallor of the skin, ‘vasoconstriction’, which has been used to grade the anti‐inflammatory potency of such preparations. This study was performed in order to explore the possibility of a similar ‘vasoconstrictor’ phenomenon existing in the upper airway mucosa, which might thus offer one explanation for the clinically beneficial effect of topical glucocorticosteroid preparations in the treatment of allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis. The possibility of a changed sensitivity to α and/or β‐adrenergic stimulation was also evaluated. Ten normal subjects participated in the present double‐blind, randomized, crossover, placebo‐controlled study. After establishing a baseline in nasal peak flow and nasal mucociliary clearance, the patients were treated for 8 days with either budesonide 100 μg/nasal cavity morning and evening, or a matching placebo. After a wash‐out period of 2 weeks the treatment was repeated using the other treatment alternative. Nasal peak flow measurements were taken immediately before and 1 h after each application of treatment. After 1 week of treatment the nasal mucociliary transport was determined and the subjects were subjected to an intranasal challenge with 0.05 mg of oxymetazoline and 5.2 mg terbutaline on 2 different days in order to test for α and β‐adrenoceptor sensitivity. The response to these challenges was monitored by symptom scores and nasal peak flow measurements. Neither active treatment with budesonide aqueous suspension nor the placebo treatment induced any change in the mucociliary transport time nor in nasal airway as measured with the peak flow meters. No change in α or β‐adrenergic receptor sensitivity was induced by the active treatment. We conclude that topical glucocorticoids have no vasoconstrictor effect on the capacitance vessels and do not induce any major changes in adrenoceptor sensitivity in normal subjects. The treatment has no effect on the mucociliary transp

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study considers the effect of the removal of a ventilation tube from the tympanic membrance of an ear which has been affected with persistent mucopurulent discharge for at least 3 months. The records of 332 patients were reviewed. Thirtythree patients with 34 ears satisfied the entry criteria. Tube removal cured 27 out of 34 ears (79%) of aural discharge within 1 month. The tympanic membrane healing rates were: at 1 month, 14 (41%); at 3 months, 23 (68%); at 6 months, 24 (71%); and at 1 year, 28 (82%). A table is presented comparing perforation rates from different ventilation tube studies.

ISSN:0307-7772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1989.tb00417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY