摘要:

AbstractRecently, some researchers have attempted to resurrect deterrence theory. These researchers have focused on the relationship between certainty and severity of punishment and subsequent rates of crime. An inverse relationship has been found, leading these researchers to conclude that penal sanctions deter crime. This paper presents another hypothesis, namely, that increases in crime may overburden existing legal machinery, and thus cause decreases in the certainty of punishment as a result. Using the same data employed in past deterrence studies, this paper demonstrates that crime may affect certainty of punishment more strongly than certainty of punishment affects the crime rate, a finding which seriously questions the ability of legal threats as currently administered in American society to deter crime.

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study by Gastil concludes that the Southern area of the United States constitutes a regional subculture of violence. Loftin and Hill (1974) empirically challenge Gastil's findings at the ecological level of analysis. This study adds a further dimension to that line of research by examining violence‐related items from a national survey at the individual level of analysis. Results fail to confirm the existence of a divergent value system among Southerners today. It is suggested that if a “regional culture of violence” once existed, it has vanished over the

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractManagement of face‐to‐face social interaction is not limited to a micro‐perspective, as some critics have argued, but is equally valid as an explanatory model in macro‐organizational settings. A “differential leverage interaction model“ is presented, which demonstrates that organizations determine, to a great extent. the nature of face‐to‐face interactions that take place. The application of the model to the courts and criminal justice system casts a new light on conventional explanations of the processes. powers, alignments, and activities of individuals who come to be enmeshed in the le

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper explores certain of the general problems associated with maintaining research access in police organizations. Among the problems researchers are likely to encounter are difficulties in communicating and winning the acceptance of street‐level patrol officers, problems in developing a mutually acceptable field role, and threats of premature termination. The solutions suggested include specific and repeated efforts to inform patrol‐level officers of the research, emphasis of the occupational features of the traditional participant‐as‐observer role, and making specific plans to deal with attempts at premature term

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01402.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-1384    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1978.tb01403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY